CommandLineRunner&ApplicationRunner的使用总结

1.CommandLineRunner&ApplicationRunner的作用

实现这两个接口的代码会在项目初始化完毕启动之前执行，一般用来加载数据库的初始化的一些配置信息，在springBoot的启动代码中可以看到callRunners是在服务器对外服务前执行的。
在用CommandLineRunner做扩展时需要注意的是当服务已经启动完成，这时CommandLineRunner里的内容可能还没有初始化完成，需要考虑对应用的影响。

@PostConstruct注解是在Bean实例化时调用，调用时间在CommandLineRunner之前，初始化缓存数据可以考虑使用该注解。

	public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
		StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
		stopWatch.start();
		ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
		Collection<SpringBootExceptionReporter> exceptionReporters = new ArrayList<>();
		configureHeadlessProperty();
		SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);
		listeners.starting();
		try {
			ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(args);
			ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners, applicationArguments);
			configureIgnoreBeanInfo(environment);
			Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);
			context = createApplicationContext();
			exceptionReporters = getSpringFactoriesInstances(SpringBootExceptionReporter.class,
					new Class[] { ConfigurableApplicationContext.class }, context);
			prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments, printedBanner);
			refreshContext(context);
			afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
			stopWatch.stop();
			if (this.logStartupInfo) {
				new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass).logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
			}
			listeners.started(context);
			//执行两个runner的实现
			callRunners(context, applicationArguments);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			handleRunFailure(context, ex, exceptionReporters, listeners);
			throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
		}

		try {
			listeners.running(context);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			handleRunFailure(context, ex, exceptionReporters, null);
			throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
		}
		return context;
	}

2.CommandLineRunner&ApplicationRunner的区别

public class ApplicationRunnerTest implements ApplicationRunner {
    @Override
    //用于接受启动时传入的参数，也就是java -DXXX之类的
    public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {

    }
}

public class CommandLineRunnerTest implements CommandLineRunner {
    @Override
    //查看源码，这里的参数是ApplicationArguments 里的一部分，
    //是原始未处理的数据
    //Return the raw unprocessed arguments that were passed to the application.
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        System.out.println(10);
    }
}

3.如何使用以及注意点

 * Interface used to indicate that a bean should <em>run</em> when it is contained within
 * a {@link SpringApplication}. Multiple {@link CommandLineRunner} beans can be defined
 * within the same application context and can be ordered using the {@link Ordered}
 * interface or {@link Order @Order} annotation.
 * <p>
 * If you need access to {@link ApplicationArguments} instead of the raw String array
 * consider using {@link ApplicationRunner}.