ORACLE在系统级别修改PDB

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-28 20:34:02 发布
最新推荐文章于 2024-07-28 20:34:02 发布
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可以使用ALTER SYSTEM命令动态修改PDB，如果当前容器是PDB，那么可以执行以下命令。

ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH { SHARED_POOL | BUFFER_CACHE | FLASH_CACHE };

ALTER SYSTEM {ENABLE | DISABLE} RESTRICTED SESSION;

ALTER SYSTEM SET USE_STORED_OUTLINES;

ALTER SYSTEM {SUSPEND | RESUME};

ALTER SYSTEM CHECKPOINT;

ALTER SYSTEM CHECK DATAFILES;

ALTER SYSTEM REGISTER;

ALTER SYSTEM {KILL | DISCONNECT} SESSION;

ALTER SYSTEM SET 初始化参数

 对于修改的初始化参数，若表v$system_parameter中的字段ISPDB_MODIFIABLE='TRUE'，说明在PDB级别可以修改，并不会影响CDB的参数值。

SQL> desc v$system_parameter;
 Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
 NUM                                                NUMBER
 NAME                                               VARCHAR2(80)
 TYPE                                               NUMBER
 VALUE                                              VARCHAR2(4000)
 DISPLAY_VALUE                                      VARCHAR2(4000)
 DEFAULT_VALUE                                      VARCHAR2(255)
 ISDEFAULT                                          VARCHAR2(9)
 ISSES_MODIFIABLE                                   VARCHAR2(5)
 ISSYS_MODIFIABLE                                   VARCHAR2(9)
 ISPDB_MODIFIABLE                                   VARCHAR2(5)
 ISINSTANCE_MODIFIABLE                              VARCHAR2(5)
 ISMODIFIED                                         VARCHAR2(8)
 ISADJUSTED                                         VARCHAR2(5)
 ISDEPRECATED                                       VARCHAR2(5)
 ISBASIC                                            VARCHAR2(5)
 DESCRIPTION                                        VARCHAR2(255)
 UPDATE_COMMENT                                     VARCHAR2(255)
 HASH                                               NUMBER
 CON_ID                                             NUMBER

SQL> select count(*) from v$system_parameter where ISPDB_MODIFIABLE='TRUE';

  COUNT(*)
----------
       222

SQL> show user;
USER is "SYS"
SQL>

在数据库级别修改PDB

在数据库基本修改PDB，主要是使用ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE 命令。

[oracle@oracle-db-19c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Nov 30 21:13:10 2022
Version 19.3.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0

SQL> show con_name;

CON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT
SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      MOUNTED
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database cndbapdb2 open;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> 
SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      READ WRITE NO
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database cndbapdb2 close immediate;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> alter pluggable database cndbapdb2 open read only;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL>

在线查看数据库文件，代码如下：

SQL> show user;
USER is "SYS"
SQL> show con_name;

CON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT
SQL> alter session set container=CNDBAPDB2
  2  ;

Session altered.

SQL> alter session set container=CNDBAPDB2;

Session altered.

SQL> alter pluggable database datafile '/u02/oradata/CDB1/cndbapdb2/cndba01.dbf' online;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      READ WRITE NO
SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u02/oradata/CDB1/cndbapdb2/system01.dbf
/u02/oradata/CDB1/cndbapdb2/sysaux01.dbf
/u02/oradata/CDB1/cndbapdb2/undotbs01.dbf
/u02/oradata/CDB1/cndbapdb2/cndba01.dbf

SQL>

修改默认表空间，代码如下：

ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE DEFAULT TABLESPACE cndba_tbs;

ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE cndba_temp;

设置PDB的存储大小，代码如下：

ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE STORAGE (MAXSIZE 20G);

ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE STORAGE (MAXSIZE UNLIMITED);

ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE STORAGE UNLIMITED;

设置强制记录日志，代码如下：

ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE NOLOGGING;

ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE ENABLE FORCE LOGGING;

启动/关闭PDB

打开模式：

  • OPEN READ WRITE

读写模式，允许用户进行读写操作

  • OPEN READ ONLY

只读模式，只允许用户读取数据，无法写数据

  • OPEN MIGRATE

当前模式，可以执行升级脚本操作（ALTER DATABASE OPEN UPGRADE）

  • MOUNT

不允许进行任何修改操作，只允许数据库管理员访问，无法读取/修改数据文件。此时内存中关于PDB的信息会被移除，可以进行冷备份。

打开PDB

OPEN READ WRITE

SQL> show user;
USER is "SYS"
SQL> show con_name;

CON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT
SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      MOUNTED
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> STARTUP PLUGGABLE DATABASE CNDBAPDB2 OPEN READ WRITE;
Pluggable Database opened.
SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      READ WRITE NO
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database cndbapdb2 close immediate;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      MOUNTED
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database cndbapdb2 open read write;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      READ WRITE NO
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database cndbapdb2 close immediate;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      MOUNTED
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database cndbapdb2 open;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      READ WRITE NO
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database cndbapdb2 close immediate;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      MOUNTED
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL>

OPEN READ ONLY

SQL> 
SQL> alter pluggable database cndbapdb2 open READ ONLY;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      READ ONLY  NO
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database cndbapdb2 close immediate;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      MOUNTED
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> STARTUP PLUGGABLE DATABASE CNDBAPDB2 OPEN READ ONLY;
Pluggable Database opened.
SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      READ ONLY  NO
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database cndbapdb2 close immediate;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      MOUNTED
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL>

OPEN MIGRATE(以升级脚本的模式打开)

[oracle@oracle-db-19c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Nov 30 21:49:44 2022
Version 19.3.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      MOUNTED
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> 
SQL> 
SQL> ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE cndbapdb OPEN UPGRADE;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MIGRATE    YES
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      MOUNTED
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> 
SQL> alter pluggable database cndbapdb close immediate;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      MOUNTED
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL>

同时打开/关闭多个PDB

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      MOUNTED
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> STARTUP PLUGGABLE DATABASE CNDBAPDB2,CNDBAPDB3,CNDBAPDB OPEN READ WRITE;
Pluggable Database opened.
SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       READ WRITE NO
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      READ WRITE NO
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      READ WRITE NO
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database CNDBAPDB2,CNDBAPDB3,CNDBAPDB close immediate;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      MOUNTED
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database CNDBAPDB2,CNDBAPDB3,CNDBAPDB OPEN READ WRITE;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       READ WRITE NO
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      READ WRITE NO
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      READ WRITE NO
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database CNDBAPDB2,CNDBAPDB3,CNDBAPDB close immediate;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      MOUNTED
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL>

打开所有的PDB和关闭所有的PDB

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      MOUNTED
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> 
SQL> 
SQL> ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE ALL OPEN READ WRITE;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           READ WRITE NO
         5 CNDBAPDB                       READ WRITE NO
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      READ WRITE NO
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      READ WRITE NO
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE ALL CLOSE IMMEDIATE;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           MOUNTED
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      MOUNTED
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL>

除了CNDBAPDB4_FRESH（只能只读模式打开）外，打开其他PDB，

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           MOUNTED
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED
         5 CNDBAPDB                       MOUNTED
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      MOUNTED
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      MOUNTED
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL> 
SQL> ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE ALL EXCEPT CNDBAPDB4_FRESH OPEN READ WRITE;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           READ WRITE NO
         5 CNDBAPDB                       READ WRITE NO
         6 CNDBAPDB3                      READ WRITE NO
         7 CNDBAPDB2                      READ WRITE NO
         8 CNDBAPDB4_FRESH                MOUNTED
SQL>

保存当前PDB的打开状态

## 保存一个PDB的打开状态
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE CNDBAPDB SAVE STATE;

## 保存所有PDB的打开状态
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE ALL SAVE STATE;

## 保存多个PDB的打开状态。
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE CNDBAPDB,CNDBAPDB2 SAVE STATE;

## 除了CNDBAPDB4_FRESH外，打开其他PDB状态，

ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE ALL EXCEPT CNDBAPDB4_FRESH SAVE STATE;

关闭PDB

alter pluggable database cndbapdb close immediate;

SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;

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hey，欢迎浏览我的博客，希望能给你提供帮助。
12-07 1322
CDB和PDB CDB全称为Container Database，中文翻译为容器数据库。 PDB全称为Pluggable Database，中文翻译为可插拔数据库。 CDB有三个组成：ROOT SEED PDBS ROOT：又名CDB$ROOT，用来存储Oracle提供的metadata和common user 一个CDB只能有一个根。 SEED：又名PDB$SEED，是用来创建新的PDB的模版。一个CDB只能有一个SEED。 PDBS：普通数据库 连接数据库有CDB和P...
oracle 19c rac 修改PDB字符集
狗剩儿的记忆博客
06-18 2101
修改pdb字符集
Oracle 12C PDB维护指南：基础操作与管理
PDB参数管理机制允许管理员在CDB级别或PDB级别设定参数，这使得能够根据不同的业务需求定制每个PDB的配置。例如，可以使用ALTER SYSTEM SET ... SCOPE=SPFILE来持久化参数设置。 在Oracle 12C中，可以使用以下SQL...
oracle数据库设置sid,Oracle数据库系统中实例名（即是SID）和ORACLE_SID的区别
weixin_36341727的博客
04-04 730
首先介绍几个关于Oracle的基本概念：instance、SID和ORACLE_SID。instance(Oracle官方给出的定义)Every running Oracle database is associated withan Oracle instance. When a database is started on a database server(regardless of the...
oracle19c修改字符集_pdb修改成与cdb不一样得字符集
sqlora的专栏
01-10 4141
cdb得字符集是utf8,新建默认字符集pdb1,再修改pdb1字符集为16gbk，印证一下19c上cdb支持不同字符集pdb得特性。 [oracle@vm3 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=orcl [oracle@vm3 ~]$ dbca [oracle@vm3 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL> select userenv('language') from dual; USERENV('LANGUAGE') ------
Oracle 12c CDB和PDB的切换
山丘望月的狼
10-04 459
使用 show pdbs 可以确认当前有哪些PDB？ SQL> show pdbs CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO 3 PDBORCL ...
通过alter session 切换容器，开启关闭pdb
黄树茂博客
12-09 5367
查看pdbs SQL> show pdbs; CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 2 PDB$SEED R...
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