Documentation/ioctl/ioctl-number.txt

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Chinese translated version of Documentation/ioctl/ioctl-number.txt

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以下为正文
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Ioctl Numbers
19 October 1999
Michael Elizabeth Chastain
<mec@shout.net>

Ioctl数字（输入输出控制数字）
1999年10月19日
迈克尔·伊丽莎白·查斯汀
<mec@shout.net>

If you are adding new ioctl's to the kernel, you should use the _IO
macros defined in <linux/ioctl.h>:

    _IO    an ioctl with no parameters
    _IOW   an ioctl with write parameters (copy_from_user)
    _IOR   an ioctl with read parameters (copy_to_user)
    _IOWR an ioctl with both write and read parameters.

如果要添加新的ioctl的内核，你应该在<linux/ioctl.h>使用_IO宏定义：

    _IO    不带参数的ioctl
    _IOW   带写参数的ioctl (copy_from_user)
    _IOR   带读参数的ioctl (copy_to_user)
    _IOWR 带读写参数的ioctl

'Write' and 'read' are from the user's point of view, just like the
system calls 'write' and 'read'. For example, a SET_FOO ioctl would
be _IOW, although the kernel would actually read data from user space;
a GET_FOO ioctl would be _IOR, although the kernel would actually write
data to user space.

写”和“读”是从用户的角度来看，就像系统调用的“写”和“读” 。例如，一个
SET_FOO ioctl 是_IOW，内核将从用户空间实际读数据；SET_FOO ioctl
是_IOR，内核将把数据写到用户空间。

The first argument to _IO, _IOW, _IOR, or _IOWR is an identifying letter
or number from the table below. Because of the large number of drivers,
many drivers share a partial letter with other drivers.

_IO, _IOW, _IOR, 或 _IOWR 的第一个参数是一个标识字母或下表中的数字。由于
大量的驱动程序，大多数驱动程序和其他的驱动程序共用部分字母。

If you are writing a driver for a new device and need a letter, pick an
unused block with enough room for expansion: 32 to 256 ioctl commands.
You can register the block by patching this file and submitting the
patch to Linus Torvalds. Or you can e-mail me at <mec@shout.net> and
I'll register one for you.

如果你正在写一个新的设备驱动程序并且需要一个字母，挑选一个未使用的有足够
扩展空间的块：32-256的ioctl命令。你可以通过修补这个文件来注册这个块且把
这个补丁提交给Linus Torvalds。或者你也可以E-mail给我<mec@shout.net>，我
将会帮你注册一个。

The second argument to _IO, _IOW, _IOR, or _IOWR is a sequence number
to distinguish ioctls from each other. The third argument to _IOW,
_IOR, or _IOWR is the type of the data going into the kernel or coming
out of the kernel (e.g. 'int' or 'struct foo'). NOTE! Do NOT use
sizeof(arg) as the third argument as this results in your ioctl thinking
it passes an argument of type size_t.

_IO, _IOW, _IOR, or _IOWR 的第二个参数是一个序列号，彼此区分ioctls。
_IO, _IOW, _IOR, or _IOWR 的第三个参数是进入或从内核出来的不同类型的数据
（例，'int' 或 'struct foo'）。注意！不要使用sizeof(arg)作为第三个参数，
因为在你的ioctl逻辑中，作为一个结果，它传递一个size_t类型的参数。

Some devices use their major number as the identifier; this is OK, as
long as it is unique. Some devices are irregular and don't follow any
convention at all.

有些设备用主号码来作为标示符；只要它是唯一的，它就没问题。一些设备是不
规则的就别遵循任何约定。

Following this convention is good because:

(1) Keeping the ioctl's globally unique helps error checking:
if a program calls an ioctl on the wrong device, it will get an
error rather than some unexpected behaviour.

(2) The 'strace' build procedure automatically finds ioctl numbers
defined with _IO, _IOW, _IOR, or _IOWR.

(3) 'strace' can decode numbers back into useful names when the
numbers are unique.

(4) People looking for ioctls can grep for them more easily when
this convention is used to define the ioctl numbers.

(5) When following the convention, the driver code can use generic
code to copy the parameters between user and kernel space.

遵守这些约定是好的，理由入写下：
(1) 保持全球唯一的ioctl的帮助错误检查：
如果一个程序在错误的设备上调用一个ioctl,它将会得到一个错误而不是
一些意外的状况。
(2) strace的构建过程自动发现ioctl _IO, _IOW, _IOR, or _IOWR的数定义
(3) 当号码是唯一时，strace可以解码成有用的名字。
(4) 当这些约定被用于定义ioctl号码时，人们寻找的ioctls可以更简单地grep
它们。
(5) 当遵循这个惯例，驱动程序代码可以用一般的代码在用户和内核空间中拷贝
参数。

This table lists ioctls visible from user land for Linux/x86. It contains
most drivers up to 2.6.31, but I know I am missing some. There has been
no attempt to list non-X86 architectures or ioctls from drivers/staging/.

该表列出了Linux/x86 user land 的 ioctls visible。它包含大多数驱动程序到
2.6.31，但我知道我错过了一些。没有尝试列出非x86架构或drivers/staging/中
ioctls。

Code Seq#(hex) Include File  Comments
========================================================
0x00 00-1F linux/fs.h  conflict!
0x00 00-1F scsi/scsi_ioctl.h conflict!
0x00 00-1F linux/fb.h  conflict!
0x00 00-1F linux/wavefront.h conflict!
0x02 all linux/fd.h
0x03 all linux/hdreg.h
0x04 D2-DC linux/umsdos_fs.h Dead since 2.6.11, but don't reuse these.
0x06 all linux/lp.h
0x09 all linux/raid/md_u.h
0x10 00-0F drivers/char/s390/vmcp.h
0x10 10-1F arch/s390/include/uapi/sclp_ctl.h
0x12 all linux/fs.h
  linux/blkpg.h
0x1b all InfiniBand Subsystem <http://infiniband.sourceforge.net/>
0x20 all drivers/cdrom/cm206.h
0x22 all scsi/sg.h
'#' 00-3F IEEE 1394 Subsystem Block for the entire subsystem
'$' 00-0F linux/perf_counter.h, linux/perf_event.h
'&' 00-07 drivers/firewire/nosy-user.h
'1' 00-1F <linux/timepps.h> PPS kit from Ulrich Windl
     <ftp://ftp.de.kernel.org/pub/linux/daemons/ntp/PPS/>
'2' 01-04 linux/i2o.h
'3' 00-0F drivers/s390/char/raw3270.h conflict!
'3' 00-1F linux/suspend_ioctls.h conflict!
  and kernel/power/user.c
'8' all    SNP8023 advanced NIC card
     <mailto:mcr@solidum.com>
';' 64-7F linux/vfio.h
'@' 00-0F linux/radeonfb.h conflict!
'@' 00-0F drivers/video/aty/aty128fb.c conflict!
'A' 00-1F linux/apm_bios.h conflict!
'A' 00-0F linux/agpgart.h  conflict!
  and drivers/char/agp/compat_ioctl.h
'A' 00-7F sound/asound.h  conflict!
'B' 00-1F linux/cciss_ioctl.h conflict!
'B' 00-0F include/linux/pmu.h conflict!
'B' C0-FF    advanced bbus
     <mailto:maassen@uni-freiburg.de>
'C' all linux/soundcard.h conflict!
'C' 01-2F linux/capi.h  conflict!
'C' F0-FF drivers/net/wan/cosa.h conflict!
'D' all arch/s390/include/asm/dasd.h
'D' 40-5F drivers/scsi/dpt/dtpi_ioctl.h
'D' 05 drivers/scsi/pmcraid.h
'E' all linux/input.h  conflict!
'E' 00-0F xen/evtchn.h  conflict!
'F' all linux/fb.h  conflict!
'F' 01-02 drivers/scsi/pmcraid.h conflict!
'F' 20 drivers/video/fsl-diu-fb.h conflict!
'F' 20 drivers/video/intelfb/intelfb.h conflict!
'F' 20 linux/ivtvfb.h  conflict!
'F' 20 linux/matroxfb.h conflict!
'F' 20 drivers/video/aty/atyfb_base.c conflict!
'F' 00-0F video/da8xx-fb.h conflict!
'F' 80-8F linux/arcfb.h  conflict!
'F' DD video/sstfb.h  conflict!
'G' 00-3F drivers/misc/sgi-gru/grulib.h conflict!
'G' 00-0F linux/gigaset_dev.h conflict!
'H' 00-7F linux/hiddev.h  conflict!
'H' 00-0F linux/hidraw.h  conflict!
'H' 01 linux/mei.h  conflict!
'H' 00-0F sound/asound.h  conflict!
'H' 20-40 sound/asound_fm.h conflict!
'H' 80-8F sound/sfnt_info.h conflict!
'H' 10-8F sound/emu10k1.h  conflict!
'H' 10-1F sound/sb16_csp.h conflict!
'H' 10-1F sound/hda_hwdep.h conflict!
'H' 40-4F sound/hdspm.h  conflict!
'H' 40-4F sound/hdsp.h  conflict!
'H' 90 sound/usb/usx2y/usb_stream.h
'H' A0 uapi/linux/usb/cdc-wdm.h
'H' C0-F0 net/bluetooth/hci.h conflict!
'H' C0-DF net/bluetooth/hidp/hidp.h conflict!
'H' C0-DF net/bluetooth/cmtp/cmtp.h conflict!
'H' C0-DF net/bluetooth/bnep/bnep.h conflict!
'H' F1 linux/hid-roccat.h <mailto:erazor_de@users.sourceforge.net>
'I' all linux/isdn.h  conflict!
'I' 00-0F drivers/isdn/divert/isdn_divert.h conflict!
'I' 40-4F linux/mISDNif.h  conflict!
'J' 00-1F drivers/scsi/gdth_ioctl.h
'K' all linux/kd.h
'L' 00-1F linux/loop.h  conflict!
'L' 10-1F drivers/scsi/mpt2sas/mpt2sas_ctl.h conflict!
'L' E0-FF linux/ppdd.h  encrypted disk device driver
     <http://linux01.gwdg.de/~alatham/ppdd.html>
'M' all linux/soundcard.h conflict!
'M' 01-16 mtd/mtd-abi.h  conflict!
  and drivers/mtd/mtdchar.c
'M' 01-03 drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_sas.h
'M' 00-0F drivers/video/fsl-diu-fb.h conflict!
'N' 00-1F drivers/usb/scanner.h
'N' 40-7F drivers/block/nvme.c
'O'     00-06   mtd/ubi-user.h  UBI
'P' all linux/soundcard.h conflict!
'P' 60-6F sound/sscape_ioctl.h conflict!
'P' 00-0F drivers/usb/class/usblp.c conflict!
'Q' all linux/soundcard.h
'R' 00-1F linux/random.h  conflict!
'R' 01 linux/rfkill.h  conflict!
'R' C0-DF net/bluetooth/rfcomm.h
'S' all linux/cdrom.h  conflict!
'S' 80-81 scsi/scsi_ioctl.h conflict!
'S' 82-FF scsi/scsi.h  conflict!
'S' 00-7F sound/asequencer.h conflict!
'T' all linux/soundcard.h conflict!
'T' 00-AF sound/asound.h  conflict!
'T' all arch/x86/include/asm/ioctls.h conflict!
'T' C0-DF linux/if_tun.h  conflict!
'U' all sound/asound.h  conflict!
'U' 00-CF linux/uinput.h  conflict!
'U' 00-EF linux/usbdevice_fs.h
'U' C0-CF drivers/bluetooth/hci_uart.h
'V' all linux/vt.h  conflict!
'V' all linux/videodev2.h conflict!
'V' C0 linux/ivtvfb.h  conflict!
'V' C0 linux/ivtv.h  conflict!
'V' C0 media/davinci/vpfe_capture.h conflict!
'V' C0 media/si4713.h  conflict!
'W' 00-1F linux/watchdog.h conflict!
'W' 00-1F linux/wanrouter.h conflict!  (pre 3.9)
'W' 00-3F sound/asound.h  conflict!
'X' all fs/xfs/xfs_fs.h  conflict!
  and fs/xfs/linux-2.6/xfs_ioctl32.h
  and include/linux/falloc.h
  and linux/fs.h
'X' all fs/ocfs2/ocfs_fs.h conflict!
'X' 01 linux/pktcdvd.h  conflict!
'Y' all linux/cyclades.h
'Z' 14-15 drivers/message/fusion/mptctl.h
'[' 00-07 linux/usb/tmc.h  USB Test and Measurement Devices
     <mailto:gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
'a' all linux/atm*.h, linux/sonet.h ATM on linux
     <http://lrcwww.epfl.ch/>
'b' 00-FF    conflict! bit3 vme host bridge
     <mailto:natalia@nikhefk.nikhef.nl>
'c' all linux/cm4000_cs.h conflict!
'c' 00-7F linux/comstats.h conflict!
'c' 00-7F linux/coda.h  conflict!
'c' 00-1F linux/chio.h  conflict!
'c' 80-9F arch/s390/include/asm/chsc.h conflict!
'c' A0-AF   arch/x86/include/asm/msr.h conflict!
'd' 00-FF linux/char/drm/drm/h conflict!
'd' 02-40 pcmcia/ds.h  conflict!
'd' F0-FF linux/digi1.h
'e' all linux/digi1.h  conflict!
'e' 00-1F drivers/net/irda/irtty-sir.h conflict!
'f' 00-1F linux/ext2_fs.h  conflict!
'f' 00-1F linux/ext3_fs.h  conflict!
'f' 00-0F fs/jfs/jfs_dinode.h conflict!
'f' 00-0F fs/ext4/ext4.h  conflict!
'f' 00-0F linux/fs.h  conflict!
'f' 00-0F fs/ocfs2/ocfs2_fs.h conflict!
'g' 00-0F linux/usb/gadgetfs.h
'g' 20-2F linux/usb/g_printer.h
'h' 00-7F    conflict! Charon filesystem
     <mailto:zapman@interlan.net>
'h' 00-1F linux/hpet.h  conflict!
'h' 80-8F fs/hfsplus/ioctl.c
'i' 00-3F linux/i2o-dev.h  conflict!
'i' 0B-1F linux/ipmi.h  conflict!
'i' 80-8F linux/i8k.h
'j' 00-3F linux/joystick.h
'k' 00-0F linux/spi/spidev.h conflict!
'k' 00-05 video/kyro.h  conflict!
'k' 10-17 linux/hsi/hsi_char.h HSI character device
'l' 00-3F linux/tcfs_fs.h  transparent cryptographic file system
     <http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://mikonos.dia.unisa.it/tcfs>
'l' 40-7F linux/udf_fs_i.h in development:
     <http://sourceforge.net/projects/linux-udf/>
'm' 00-09 linux/mmtimer.h  conflict!
'm' all linux/mtio.h  conflict!
'm' all linux/soundcard.h conflict!
'm' all linux/synclink.h conflict!
'm' 00-19 drivers/message/fusion/mptctl.h conflict!
'm' 00 drivers/scsi/megaraid/megaraid_ioctl.h conflict!
'm' 00-1F net/irda/irmod.h conflict!
'n' 00-7F linux/ncp_fs.h and fs/ncpfs/ioctl.c
'n' 80-8F linux/nilfs2_fs.h NILFS2
'n' E0-FF linux/matroxfb.h matroxfb
'o' 00-1F fs/ocfs2/ocfs2_fs.h OCFS2
'o'     00-03   mtd/ubi-user.h  conflict! (OCFS2 and UBI overlaps)
'o'     40-41   mtd/ubi-user.h  UBI
'o'     01-A1   linux/dvb/*.h  DVB
'p' 00-0F linux/phantom.h  conflict! (OpenHaptics needs this)
'p' 00-1F linux/rtc.h  conflict!
'p' 00-3F linux/mc146818rtc.h conflict!
'p' 40-7F linux/nvram.h
'p' 80-9F linux/ppdev.h  user-space parport
     <mailto:tim@cyberelk.net>
'p' A1-A5 linux/pps.h  LinuxPPS
     <mailto:giometti@linux.it>
'q' 00-1F linux/serio.h
'q' 80-FF linux/telephony.h Internet PhoneJACK, Internet LineJACK
  linux/ixjuser.h  <http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.quicknet.net>
'r' 00-1F linux/msdos_fs.h and fs/fat/dir.c
's' all linux/cdk.h
't' 00-7F linux/ppp-ioctl.h
't' 80-8F linux/isdn_ppp.h
't' 90 linux/toshiba.h
'u' 00-1F linux/smb_fs.h  gone
'u' 20-3F linux/uvcvideo.h USB video class host driver
'v' 00-1F linux/ext2_fs.h  conflict!
'v' 00-1F linux/fs.h  conflict!
'v' 00-0F linux/sonypi.h  conflict!
'v' C0-FF linux/meye.h  conflict!
'w' all    CERN SCI driver
'y' 00-1F    packet based user level communications
     <mailto:zapman@interlan.net>
'z' 00-3F    CAN bus card conflict!
     <mailto:hdstich@connectu.ulm.circular.de>
'z' 40-7F    CAN bus card conflict!
     <mailto:oe@port.de>
'z' 10-4F drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.h conflict!
'|' 00-7F linux/media.h
0x80 00-1F linux/fb.h
0x89 00-06 arch/x86/include/asm/sockios.h
0x89 0B-DF linux/sockios.h
0x89 E0-EF linux/sockios.h  SIOCPROTOPRIVATE range
0x89 E0-EF linux/dn.h  PROTOPRIVATE range
0x89 F0-FF linux/sockios.h  SIOCDEVPRIVATE range
0x8B all linux/wireless.h
0x8C 00-3F    WiNRADiO driver
     <http://www.winradio.com.au/>
0x90 00 drivers/cdrom/sbpcd.h
0x92 00-0F drivers/usb/mon/mon_bin.c
0x93 60-7F linux/auto_fs.h
0x94 all fs/btrfs/ioctl.h
0x97 00-7F fs/ceph/ioctl.h  Ceph file system
0x99 00-0F    537-Addinboard driver
     <mailto:buk@buks.ipn.de>
0xA0 all linux/sdp/sdp.h  Industrial Device Project
     <mailto:kenji@bitgate.com>
0xA2 00-0F arch/tile/include/asm/hardwall.h
0xA3 80-8F Port ACL  in development:
     <mailto:tlewis@mindspring.com>
0xA3 90-9F linux/dtlk.h
0xAB 00-1F linux/nbd.h
0xAC 00-1F linux/raw.h
0xAD 00 Netfilter device in development:
     <mailto:rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
0xAE all linux/kvm.h  Kernel-based Virtual Machine
     <mailto:kvm@vger.kernel.org>
0xAF 00-1F linux/fsl_hypervisor.h Freescale hypervisor
0xB0 all RATIO devices  in development:
     <mailto:vgo@ratio.de>
0xB1 00-1F PPPoX   <mailto:mostrows@styx.uwaterloo.ca>
0xB3 00 linux/mmc/ioctl.h
0xC0 00-0F linux/usb/iowarrior.h
0xCB 00-1F CBM serial IEC bus in development:
     <mailto:michael.klein@puffin.lb.shuttle.de>
0xCD 01 linux/reiserfs_fs.h
0xCF 02 fs/cifs/ioctl.c
0xDB 00-0F drivers/char/mwave/mwavepub.h
0xDD 00-3F ZFCP device driver see drivers/s390/scsi/
     <mailto:aherrman@de.ibm.com>
0xF3 00-3F drivers/usb/misc/sisusbvga/sisusb.h sisfb (in development)
     <mailto:thomas@winischhofer.net>
0xF4 00-1F video/mbxfb.h  mbxfb
     <mailto:raph@8d.com>
0xF6 all LTTng   Linux Trace Toolkit Next Generation
     <mailto:mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
0xFD all linux/dm-ioctl.h