Linux常用命令全称

pwd:  print work directory 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径

ps:  process status(进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器)

常用参数: －auxf

ps -auxf 显示进程状态

df:  disk free 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。

du:  Disk usage

rpm: 即RedHat Package Management，是RedHat的发明之一

rmdir: Remove Directory（删除目录）

rm: Remove（删除目录或文件）

cat:  concatenate 连锁

   cat file1file2>>file3 把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中

insmod:  install module,载入模块

ln -s :  link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式

mkdir: Make Directory(创建目录)

touch 新建文件

man:  Manual

su:  Swith user(切换用户)

cd: Change directory

ls: List files

ps: Process Status

mkdir: Make directory

rmdir: Remove directory 删除目录

mkfs:  Make file system

fsck: File system check

uname:  Unix name

lsmod:  List modules

mv:  Move file

rm:  Remove file 删除文件

cp:  Copy file 复制文件

ln:  Link files 链接

fg:  Foreground

bg:  Background

chown:  Change owner

chgrp:  Change group

chmod:  Change mode

umount:  Unmount

dd:  本来应根据其功能描述“Convert an copy”命名为“cc”，但“cc”已经被用以代表“CComplier”，所以命名为“dd”

tar: Tape archive （磁带档案）

ldd: List dynamic dependencies

insmod: Install module

rmmod: Remove module

lsmod: List module

文件结尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）: Resource configuration

Knnxxx /Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）: K（Kill）；S(Service)；

nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）

 

.a（扩展名a）: Archive，static library

.so（扩展名so）: Shared object，dynamically linked library

.o（扩展名o）: Object file，complied result of C/C++

source file

 

RPM: Red hat package manager

dpkg: Debian package manager

apt: Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供部分Linux命令缩写）

/bin = Binaries (二进制文件)
/dev = DEVices 
/etc = editable text configurationChest  存放配置文件的地方,配置文件的目录
/opt = Optional application software packages 可选应用软件包
/lib = library 库
/proc = processes  进程
/sbin = Superuser binaries  超级用户的二进制文件
/tmp = temporary   临时文件存放
/usr = Unix shared resources  Unix共享资源
/var = Variable  是储存各种变化的文件，比如log等等

 

FIFO = First In, First Out

GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader

IFS= Internal Field Seperators

LILO = LInux LOader

 

MySQL = My 是最初作者女儿的名字，

SQL = Structured QueryLanguage

PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP

HypertextPreprocessor

PS = Prompt String

Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language"(实际的抽取和报告语言) ="Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister"

Python 得名于电视剧Monty Python's Flying Circus

Tcl = Tool Command Language

Tk = ToolKit

VT = Video Terminal

YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool

apache = "a patchy" server

apt = Advanced Packaging Tool

ar = archiver

as = assembler

awk = "Aho Weiberger and Kernighan"三个作者的姓的第一个字母

bash = Bourne Again SHell

bc = Basic (Better) Calculator

bg = BackGround

biff = 作者HeidiStettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。

cal = Calendar (日历)

cat = Catenate (链接)

cd = Change Directory

chgrp = Change Group

chmod = Change Mode

chown = Change Owner

chsh = Change Shell

cmp = compare

cobra = Common Object Request BrokerArchitecture

comm = common

cp = Copy

cpio = CoPy In and Out

cpp = C Pre Processor

cron = Chronos 希腊文时间

cups = Common Unix Printing System

cvs = Current Version System

daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor

dc = Desk Calculator

dd = Disk Dump (磁盘转储)

df = Disk Free

diff = Difference

dmesg = diagnostic message

du = Disk Usage

ed = editor

egrep = Extended GREP

elf = Extensible Linking Format

elm = ELectronic Mail

emacs = Editor MACroS

eval = EVALuate

ex = EXtended

exec = EXECute (执行)

fd = file descriptors

fg = ForeGround

fgrep = Fixed GREP

fmt = format

fsck = File System ChecK

fstab = FileSystem TABle

fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager

gawk = GNU AWK

gpg = GNU Privacy Guard

groff = GNU troff

hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer

joe = Joe's Own Editor

ksh = Korn SHell

lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder

lex = LEXical analyser

lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of IrritatingSuperfluous Parentheses

ln = Link

lpr = Line PRint

ls = list

lsof = LiSt Open Files

m4 = Macro processor Version 4

man = MANual pages

mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK

mc = Midnight Commander

mkfs = MaKe FileSystem

mknod = Make Node

motd = Message of The Day

mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa

mtab = Mount TABle

mv = Move

nano = Nano's ANOther editor

nawk = New AWK

nl = Number of Lines

nm = names

nohup = No HangUP

nroff = New ROFF

od = Octal Dump

passwd = Passwd

pg = pager

pico = PIne's message COmposition editor

pine = "Program for Internet News &Email" = "Pine is not Elm"

ping = 拟声 又 = Packet Internet Grouper

pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability

popd = POP Directory

pr = pre

printf = Print Formatted

ps = Processes Status

pty = pseudo tty

pushd = PUSH Directory

pwd = Print Working Directory

rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell

rev = REVerse

rm = ReMove

rn = Read News

roff = RunOFF

rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat PackageManager

rsh, rlogin, rvim中的

r = Remote

rxvt = ouR XVT

seamoneky = 我

sed = Stream Editor

seq = SEQuence

shar = Shell ARchive

slrn = S-Lang rn

ssh = Secure Shell

ssl = Secure Sockets Layer

stty = Set TTY

su = Substitute User

svn = SubVersion

tar = Tape ARchive

tcsh = TENEX C shell

tee = T (T形水管接口)

telnet = TEminaL over Network

termcap = terminal capability

terminfo = terminal information

tex = τ?χνη的缩写，希腊文art

tr = traslate

troff = Typesetter new ROFF

tsort = Topological SORT

tty = TeleTypewriter

twm = Tom's Window Manager

tz = TimeZone

udev = Userspace DEV

ulimit = User's LIMIT

umask = User's MASK

uniq = UNIQue

i = VIsual = Very Inconvenient

vim = Vi IMproved

wall = write all

wc = Word Count

wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator

xargs = eXtended ARGuments

xdm = X Display Manager

xlfd = X Logical Font Description

xmms = X Multimedia System

xrdb = X Resources DataBase

xwd = X Window Dump

yacc = yet another compiler compiler

Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell

su = Switch User

MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

ECMA = European Computer ManufacturersAssociation