原型模式

就是实例克隆。利用已有的原型对象，快速的生成原型对象一样的实例。

创建一个实现Clonable 接口的抽象类：

public abstract class Shape implements Cloneable {

   private String id;
   protected String type;

   abstract void draw();

   public String getType(){
      return type;
   }

   public String getId() {
      return id;
   }

   public void setId(String id) {
      this.id = id;
   }

   public Object clone() {
      Object clone = null;
      try {
         clone = super.clone();
      } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
      return clone;
   }
}

抽象类的实现类：

public class Rectangle extends Shape {

   public Rectangle(){
     type = "Rectangle";
   }

   @Override
   public void draw() {
      System.out.println("Inside Rectangle::draw() method.");
   }
}
public class Square extends Shape {

   public Square(){
     type = "Square";
   }

   @Override
   public void draw() {
      System.out.println("Inside Square::draw() method.");
   }
}
public class Circle extends Shape {

   public Circle(){
     type = "Circle";
   }

   @Override
   public void draw() {
      System.out.println("Inside Circle::draw() method.");
   }
}

//出去实体类，存入hashmap 中

import java.util.Hashtable;

public class ShapeCache {

   private static Hashtable<String, Shape> shapeMap 
      = new Hashtable<String, Shape>();

   public static Shape getShape(String shapeId) {
      Shape cachedShape = shapeMap.get(shapeId);
      return (Shape) cachedShape.clone(); //实体类，自己来克隆
   }

   // 对每种形状都运行数据库查询，并创建该形状
   // shapeMap.put(shapeKey, shape);
   // 例如，我们要添加三种形状
   public static void loadCache() {
      Circle circle = new Circle();
      circle.setId("1");
      shapeMap.put(circle.getId(),circle);

      Square square = new Square();
      square.setId("2");
      shapeMap.put(square.getId(),square);

      Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle();
      rectangle.setId("3");
      shapeMap.put(rectangle.getId(),rectangle);
   }
}

测试：

public class PrototypePatternDemo {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      ShapeCache.loadCache();

      Shape clonedShape = (Shape) ShapeCache.getShape("1");
      System.out.println("Shape : " + clonedShape.getType());        

      Shape clonedShape2 = (Shape) ShapeCache.getShape("2");
      System.out.println("Shape : " + clonedShape2.getType());        

      Shape clonedShape3 = (Shape) ShapeCache.getShape("3");
      System.out.println("Shape : " + clonedShape3.getType());        
   }
}