概念
在创建复杂对象时,将创建该对象的工作交给一个建造者,这个建造者就是一个Builder。在日常的开发中,常常看到,如下这些代码:
AlertDialog的实现
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(context);
builder.setMessage("你好建造者");
builder.setTitle("提示");
AlertDialog dialog = builder.create();
dialog.show();
其实你会发现,这个Builder是否多余呢?有时候是这么想的,可是如果你将这个代码进行如下写法,你就发现了buidler在一定程度上是优雅了代码:
AlertDialog.Builder builder1 = new AlertDialog.Builder(context);
builder1.setMessage("你好建造者")
.setTitle("提示")
.setPositiveButton("yes", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
}
})
.setNegativeButton("no", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
}
});
AlertDialog dialog1 = builder1.create();
dialog1.show();
发现builder在创建对象的同时不停得返回对象本身this,这样代码就变成了一种链式的写法,很优雅。
实践
又一次在对于使用高德地图进行搜索时,我无意间使用了这个模式,感觉很漂亮的。流程如下:
* 请求的路径需要进行参数输入,而且参数相对多如: http://restapi.amap.com/v3/place/text?key=461f8bfebc9395589bb5e8ea28237c79&keywords=菜市场&city=梅州市&citylimit=true&offset=20&page=1&output=json
* 如直接使用String+String的话,感觉代码很不清晰
基于上面两点我写了这样的代码,虽然不是很规范的Builder模式,但是看起来还不错的。
URLBuidler路径的建造者
package com.jsoup.caishichang;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
/**
* Created by owant on 16/2/27.
*/
public class URLBuilder {
private volatile StringBuffer buffer;
private volatile String cityName;
private volatile String pageNumber;
public URLBuilder() {
buffer = new StringBuffer("http://restapi.amap.com/v3/place/text?key=461f8bfebc9395589bb5e8ea28237c79&citylimit=true&offset=20&output=json");
}
/**
* 设置城市名字
*
* @param city_code
* @return
*/
public URLBuilder setCityCode(String city_code) {
buffer.append("&city=").append(city_code);
this.cityName = city_code;
return this;
}
/**
* 设置页数
*
* @param page
* @return
*/
public URLBuilder setPage(String page) {
buffer.append("&page=").append(page);
this.pageNumber = page;
return this;
}
public URLBuilder setSearchKeyWorld(String keyWorld) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
String words_key_value = URLEncoder.encode(keyWorld, "UTF-8");
buffer.append("&keywords=").append(words_key_value);
return this;
}
public String getValue() {
return buffer.toString();
}
public String getCityName() {
return cityName;
}
public String getPageNumber() {
return pageNumber;
}
}
Client使用情况
package com.jsoup.caishichang;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
/**
* Created by owant on 2/26/16.
*/
public class Client {
//query=阳江市&city=441702
// private final static String cityCode = "阳江市";
private final static String cityCode = "梅州市";
//query=江门市&city=440703
private final static String cityCode_2 = "江门市";
/**
* 阳江市
* <p>
* 1843,江城区,211
* 1844,阳西县,211
* 1845,阳东县,211
* 1846,阳春市,211
*/
public static void main(String[] arg) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
//打印器
Print print = Print.getInstance();
//阳江市 12yue
ExecutorService threadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(8);
for (int i = 1; i <= 66; i++) {
//路径创建
URLBuilder builder = new URLBuilder();
builder.setCityCode(cityCode)
.setSearchKeyWorld("菜市场")
.setPage(i + "");
//添加进线程池
threadPool.execute(new CaishiChangRun(builder, print));
}
threadPool.shutdown();
//线程
//new Thread(new CaishiChangRun(builder, print)).start();
}
}
总结
- 对于Builder模式的使用关键是巧妙使用return this;
- 对于Builder一般在其创建对象的内部,是一个静态内部类;
- 创建复杂度高的对象时使用Builder;