第五章 选择结构

5-3  if...else if ...else...if...else语句    if的多层嵌套

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) { 
    char c;
    c=getchar();
    if(c == '+')
        printf("plus\n");
    else if(c == '-') printf("minus\n");
    else if(c == '*') printf("multiplication\n");
    else if(c == '/') printf("division\n");
    else printf("error\n");
    return 0;
}
/*intput:
   +
*/

/*
plus


*/

5-5  条件表达式

        求输入的两个整数中较小的一个

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) { 
    int a,b,min;
    scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
    min=a<b?a:b;
    printf("min = %d\r\n",min);
    return 0;
}
/*intput:
   12 18
*/

/*
12

*/

5-6  输入三个数 按由小到大输出

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {
    int a,b,c,t;
    scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);
    if(a>b){
        t=a;
        a=b;
        b=t;
    }
    if(a>c){
        t=a;
        a=c;
        c=t;
    }
    if(b>c){
        t=b;
        b=c;
        c=t;
    }
    printf("the sorted number is :%d   %d  %d\r\n",a,b,c);
    return 0;
}
/*intput:
   12 18  2
*/

/*
the sorted number is :2   12  18

*/

5-7   求方程 ax^2+bx+c=0的解

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(void) {
    double a,b,c,disc,x1,x2,realpart,imagpart;
    scanf("%lf,%lf,%lf",&a,&b,&c);
    disc=b*b-4*a*c;
    if(fabs(disc)<=1e-6)  //b^2-4ac == 0，计算输出两个相等实根
        printf("has two equal roots:%8.4lf\r\n",-b/(2*a));
    else if(disc>1e-6)   //>0   两个不相等的实数根
        {
            x1=(-b+sqrt(disc))/(2*a);
            x2=(-b-sqrt(disc))/(2*a);
            printf("has distinct real roots:%8.4lf  %8.4lf\r\n",x1,x2);
        }
    else{
        realpart = -b/(2*a);
        imagpart = sqrt(-disc)/(2*a);
        printf("has complex roots:\n%8.4lf+%8.4lf\r\n",realpart,imagpart);
        printf("%8.4lf-%8.4lf\r\n",realpart,imagpart);
    }
    return 0;
}
/*intput:
   5,3,7
*/

/*
has complex roots:
 -0.3000+  1.1446
 -0.3000-  1.1446
*/

5-8  输入年号和月号，计算该年该月共几天

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(void) {
    int year,month,days = 0;
    scanf("%d,%d",&year,&month);
    printf("%d,%d",year,month);
    switch(month){
        case 1:
        case 3:
        case 5:
        case 7:
        case 8:
        case 10:
        case 12:days = 31;break;
        case 4:
        case 6:
        case 9:
        case 11:days = 30;break;
        case 2:
             if(year%4==0&&year%100!=0 || year%400==0)
                days=29;
            else
                days=28;
        default:
            printf("data error\r\n");
    }
    printf("year = %d,month= %d,days= %d\r\n",year,month,days);
    return 0;
}
/*intput:
   2021,9
*/

/*
2021,9year = 2021,month= 9,days= 30
*/