Python 获取md5值（hashlib）

常用方法 

import hashlib

# 创建MD5对象，可以直接传入要加密的数据
m = hashlib.md5('123456'.encode(encoding='utf-8'))
# m = hashlib.md5(b'123456') 与上面等价
print(hashlib.md5('123456'.encode(encoding='utf-8')).hexdigest())
print(m) 
print(m.hexdigest()) # 转化为16进制打印md5值

结果

<md5 HASH object @ 0x000001C67C71C8A0>
e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e

如果要被加密的数据太长，可以分段update, 结果是一样的

import hashlib

str = 'This is a string.'
m = hashlib.md5()
m.update('This i'.encode('utf-8'))
m.update('s a string.'.encode('utf-8'))
print(m.hexdigest())

结果

13562b471182311b6eea8d241103e8f0

封装成常用库md5.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import hashlib

def get_file_md5(file_name):
    """
    计算文件的md5
    :param file_name:
    :return:
    """
    m = hashlib.md5()   #创建md5对象
    with open(file_name,'rb') as fobj:
        while True:
            data = fobj.read(4096)
            if not data:
                break
            m.update(data)  #更新md5对象

    return m.hexdigest()    #返回md5对象


def get_str_md5(content):
    """
    计算字符串md5
    :param content:
    :return:
    """
    m = hashlib.md5(content) #创建md5对象
    return m.hexdigest()

某源码封装

class Files(Storage):
    @staticmethod
    def temp_put(content, path=None):
        """Store a temporary file or files.
        @param content: the content of this file
        @param path: directory path to store the file
        """
        fd, filepath = tempfile.mkstemp(
            prefix="upload_", dir=path or temppath()
        )

        if hasattr(content, "read"):
            chunk = content.read(1024)
            while chunk:
                os.write(fd, chunk)
                chunk = content.read(1024)
        else:
            os.write(fd, content)

        os.close(fd)
        return filepath

    @staticmethod
    def temp_named_put(content, filename, path=None):
        """Store a named temporary file.
        @param content: the content of this file
        @param filename: filename that the file should have
        @param path: directory path to store the file
        @return: full path to the temporary file
        """
        filename = Storage.get_filename_from_path(filename)
        #dirpath = tempfile.mkdtemp(dir=path or temppath())
        dirpath = temppath()
        Files.create(dirpath, filename, content)
        return os.path.join(dirpath, filename)

    @staticmethod
    def create(root, filename, content):
        if isinstance(root, (tuple, list)):
            root = os.path.join(*root)

        filepath = os.path.join(root, filename)
        with open(filepath, "wb") as f:
            if hasattr(content, "read"):
                chunk = content.read(1024 * 1024)
                while chunk:
                    f.write(chunk)
                    chunk = content.read(1024 * 1024)
            else:
                f.write(content)
        return filepath

    @staticmethod
    def copy(path_target, path_dest):
        """Copy a file. The destination may be a directory.
        @param path_target: The
        @param path_dest: path_dest
        @return: path to the file or directory
        """
        shutil.copy(src=path_target, dst=path_dest)
        return os.path.join(path_dest, os.path.basename(path_target))

    @staticmethod
    def hash_file(method, filepath):
        """Calculate a hash on a file by path.
        @param method: callable hashing method
        @param path: file path
        @return: computed hash string
        """
        f = open(filepath, "rb")
        h = method()
        while True:
            buf = f.read(1024 * 1024)
            if not buf:
                break
            h.update(buf)
        return h.hexdigest()

    @staticmethod
    def md5_file(filepath):
        return Files.hash_file(hashlib.md5, filepath)

    @staticmethod
    def sha1_file(filepath):
        return Files.hash_file(hashlib.sha1, filepath)

    @staticmethod
    def sha256_file(filepath):
        return Files.hash_file(hashlib.sha256, filepath)