Hibernate一级缓存:
(1) 一级缓存很短和session的生命周期一致,一级缓存又叫session级缓存或者
事务级缓存
(2) 支持一级缓存的方法:
get();
load();
iterator();只缓存实体对象
(3) 如何管理一级缓存
session.clear() session.evict(); session.flush();
(4) 如何避免大量数据入库导致内存溢出
先sessionflush()
在clear()
(5) 如果数据量特别大可以 可以考虑JDBC实现 如果Jdbc也不能满足要求可以考虑 采用数据库提供 的特定数据导入工具
下面的实例中我们会一一验证以上的各条:
有这样的2个类
- public class Clazz {
- private Integer id;
- private String name;
- private Set<Student> students=new HashSet<Student>();
- }
- public class Student {
- private Integer id;
- private String name;
- private Clazz clazz;
- }
public class Clazz {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Set<Student> students=new HashSet<Student>();
}
public class Student {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Clazz clazz;
}
他们的映射文件分别是:
- <class name="com.june.hibernate.Student" table="t_student">
- <id name="id">
- <generator class="native"></generator>
- </id>
- <property name="name"></property>
- <many-to-one name="clazz" cascade="save-update"></many-to-one>
- </class>
- <class name="com.june.hibernate.Clazz" table="t_clazz">
- <id name="id">
- <generator class="native"></generator>
- </id>
- <property name="name"></property>
- <set name="students" inverse="true">
- <key column="clazz"/>
- <one-to-many class="com.june.hibernate.Student"/>
- </set>
- </class>
<class name="com.june.hibernate.Student" table="t_student"> <id name="id"> <generator class="native"></generator> </id> <property name="name"></property> <many-to-one name="clazz" cascade="save-update"></many-to-one> </class> <class name="com.june.hibernate.Clazz" table="t_clazz"> <id name="id"> <generator class="native"></generator> </id> <property name="name"></property> <set name="students" inverse="true"> <key column="clazz"/> <one-to-many class="com.june.hibernate.Student"/> </set> </class>
请运行以下的所有的测试方法:
Java代码:
package com.june.hibernate;
import java.io.Serializable;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
public class CacheLevel1Test extends TestCase{
/**
* 在同一个session中2次执行load()查询
*/
public void testLoad(){
Session session=null;
Transaction tx=null;
try{
session=HibernateUtil.getSession();
tx=session.beginTransaction();
Student student1=(Student)session.load(Student.class,1);
System.out.println("student1.name="+student1.getName());
System.out.println("stuent1.clazz.name"+student1.getClazz().getName());
//不会发出sql语句,因为load使用缓存
Student student2=(Student)session.load(Student.class,1);
System.out.println("student1.name="+student1.getName());
tx.commit();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
tx.rollback();
}finally{
HibernateUtil.colseSession(session);
}
}
/**
* 在同一个session中2次执行get()查询
*/
public void testGet(){
Session session=null;
Transaction tx=null;
try{
session=HibernateUtil.getSession();
tx=session.beginTransaction();
Student student1=(Student)session.get(Student.class,1);
System.out.println("student1.name="+student1.getName());
System.out.println("stuent1.clazz.name"+student1.getClazz().getName());
//不会发出sql语句,因为get使用缓存
Student student2=(Student)session.get(Student.class,1);
System.out.println("student1.name="+student1.getName());
tx.commit();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
tx.rollback();
}finally{
HibernateUtil.colseSession(session);
}
}
/**
* 查询实体
*/
public void testIteratorEntity(){
Session session=null;
Transaction tx=null;
try{
session=HibernateUtil.getSession();
tx=session.beginTransaction();
Student student1=(Student)session.createQuery("from Student s where s.clazz.id=1").iterate().next();
System.out.println("student1.name="+student1.getName());
/** Hibernate: select student0_.id as col_0_0_ from t_student student0_ where student0_.clazz=1
Hibernate: select student0_.id as id1_0_, student0_.name as name1_0_, student0_.clazz as clazz1_0_ from t_student student0_ where student0_.id=?
student1.name=Student_**0Of_Clazz000
Hibernate: select student0_.id as col_0_0_ from t_student student0_ where student0_.clazz=1
student2.name=Student_**0Of_Clazz000
*/
//缓存中已经存在id=1的student 所以第二次查询 只是发出查询id 的sql 不会发出查询实体的sql
//因为Iterator使用缓存
Student student2=(Student)session.createQuery("from Student s where s.clazz.id=1").iterate().next();
System.out.println("student2.name="+student2.getName());
tx.commit();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
tx.rollback();
}finally{
HibernateUtil.colseSession(session);
}
}
/**
* 查询普通属性
*/
public void testIteratorProperty(){
Session session=null;
Transaction tx=null;
try{
session=HibernateUtil.getSession();
tx=session.beginTransaction();
String sname=(String)session.createQuery("select s.name from Student s where s.clazz.id=1").iterate().next();
System.out.println("student1.name="+sname);
//iterator查询普通属性,一级缓存不会缓存,所以不会发出sql语句
String sname2=(String)session.createQuery("select s.name from Student s where s.clazz.id=1").iterate().next();
System.out.println("student1.name="+sname2);
tx.commit();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
tx.rollback();
}finally{
HibernateUtil.colseSession(session);
}
}
/**
* 在2个session中使用load
*/
public void testTwoSessionLoad(){
Session session=null;
Transaction tx=null;
try{
session=HibernateUtil.getSession();
tx=session.beginTransaction();
Student student1=(Student)session.load(Student.class,1);
System.out.println("student1.name="+student1.getName());
tx.commit();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
tx.rollback();
}finally{
HibernateUtil.colseSession(session);
}
try{
session=HibernateUtil.getSession();
tx=session.beginTransaction();
//会发出sql语句 session间不会共享一级缓存
//他会伴随这session生命周期的存在和消亡
Student student1=(Student)session.load(Student.class,1);
System.out.println("student1.name="+student1.getName());
tx.commit();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
tx.rollback();
}finally{
HibernateUtil.colseSession(session);
}
}
/**
* 在同一个session中load()查询save()过的数据
*/
public void testLoadSaved(){
Session session=null;
Transaction tx=null;
try{
session=HibernateUtil.getSession();
tx=session.beginTransaction();
Student student=new Student();
student.setName("mary");
Serializable id=session.save(student);
//不会发出sql,因为save使用缓存
Student student1=(Student)session.load(Student.class,id);
System.out.println(student1.getName());
tx.commit();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
tx.rollback();
}finally{
HibernateUtil.colseSession(session);
}
}
/**
* 在同一个session 先调用load查询 然后执行session.clear()或执行session.evict();
* 在调用load查询
* clear()清理缓存,驱除全部
* evict(Object object)从缓存中驱逐指定的对象
*/
public void testLoadEvictLoad(){
Session session=null;
Transaction tx=null;
try{
session=HibernateUtil.getSession();
tx=session.beginTransaction();
Student student1=(Student)session.load(Student.class,1);
//发出sql语句
System.out.println("student1.name="+student1.getName());
//一级缓存无法取消但是可以管理,如session.clear() session.evict()
//清理缓存
session.clear();
//session.evict(student1); //从缓存中逐出id=1的student
Student student2=(Student)session.load(Student.class,1);
//会发出sql语句
System.out.println("student1.name="+student1.getName());
tx.commit();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
tx.rollback();
}finally{
HibernateUtil.colseSession(session);
}
}
/**
* 向数据库中添加10000条数据
*/
public void testCache7(){
Session session=null;
Transaction tx=null;
long beginTime=System.currentTimeMillis();
try{
session=HibernateUtil.getSession();
tx=session.beginTransaction();
for(int i=0;i<1000;i++){
Student student=new Student();
student.setName("student_"+i);
session.save(student);
//每插入20条数据 就强制数据持久化
//同时清楚缓存,避免大量数据造成内存溢出
if(i % 20==0){
session.flush();
session.clear();
}
}
System.out.println();
tx.commit();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
tx.rollback();
}finally{
HibernateUtil.colseSession(session);
}
long endTime=System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(endTime-beginTime);
}
}