最小二乘法及其c++实现

设经验方程是y=F(x),方程中含有一些待定系数an,给出真实值{(xi,yi)|i=1,2,...n},将这些x,y值代入方程然后作差,可以描述误差:yi-F(xi),为了考虑整体的误差,可以取平方和,之所以要平方是考虑到误差可正可负直接相加可以相互抵消,所以记误差为:

e=∑(yi-F(xi))2

  如果经验方程是线性的,形如

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最小二乘法是一种常用的数学方法,用于拟合数据点到一个函数曲线的最佳拟合线。在C++中,可以通过以下步骤实现最小二乘法拟合: 1. 定义数据结构:首先,需要定义一个数据结构来存储数据点的坐标。可以使用结构体或类来表示,包含x和y坐标。 2. 读取数据:从文件或用户输入中读取数据点的坐标,并将其存储在定义的数据结构中。 3. 计算拟合参数:根据最小二乘法的公式,计算拟合直线的斜率和截距。公式如下: ![最小二乘法公式](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8e4a7e6b5f0d9e4a3c6e8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b2d8f7b

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