NTP时间同步

ntpclient.c修改了官方文件：

/*
 * ntpclient.c - NTP client
 *
 * Copyright 1997, 1999, 2000  Larry Doolittle  <larry@doolittle.boa.org>
 * Last hack: 2 December, 2000
 *
 *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License (Version 2,
 *  June 1991) as published by the Free Software Foundation.  At the
 *  time of writing, that license was published by the FSF with the URL
 *  http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html, and is incorporated herein by
 *  reference.
 *
 *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *  GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  Possible future improvements:
 *      - Double check that the originate timestamp in the received packet
 *        corresponds to what we sent.
 *      - Verify that the return packet came from the host we think
 *        we're talking to.  Not necessarily useful since UDP packets
 *        are so easy to forge.
 *      - Complete phase locking code.
 *      - Write more documentation  :-(
 *
 *  Compile with -D_PRECISION_SIOCGSTAMP if your machine really has it.
 *  There are patches floating around to add this to Linux, but
 *  usually you only get an answer to the nearest jiffy.
 *  Hint for Linux hacker wannabes: look at the usage of get_fast_time()
 *  in net/core/dev.c, and its definition in kernel/time.c .
 *
 *  If the compile gives you any flak, check below in the section
 *  labelled "XXXX fixme - non-automatic build configuration".
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/utsname.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#ifdef _PRECISION_SIOCGSTAMP
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#endif

#define ENABLE_DEBUG

extern char *optarg;

/* XXXX fixme - non-automatic build configuration */
#ifdef linux
typedef u_int32_t __u32;
#include <sys/timex.h>
#else
extern int h_errno;
#define herror(hostname) \
    fprintf(stderr,"Error %d looking up hostname %s\n", h_errno,hostname)
typedef uint32_t __u32;
#endif

#define JAN_1970        0x83aa7e80      /* 2208988800 1970 - 1900 in seconds */
#define NTP_PORT (123)

/* How to multiply by 4294.967296 quickly (and not quite exactly)
 * without using floating point or greater than 32-bit integers.
 * If you want to fix the last 12 microseconds of error, add in
 * (2911*(x))>>28)
 */
#define NTPFRAC(x) ( 4294*(x) + ( (1981*(x))>>11 ) )

/* The reverse of the above, needed if we want to set our microsecond
 * clock (via settimeofday) based on the incoming time in NTP format.
 * Basically exact.
 */
#define USEC(x) ( ( (x) >> 12 ) - 759 * ( ( ( (x) >> 10 ) + 32768 ) >> 16 ) )

/* Converts NTP delay and dispersion, apparently in seconds scaled
 * by 65536, to microseconds.  RFC1305 states this time is in seconds,
 * doesn't mention the scaling.
 * Should somehow be the same as 1000000 * x / 65536
 */
#define sec2u(x) ( (x) * 15.2587890625 )

struct ntptime {
    unsigned int coarse;
    unsigned int fine;
};

void send_packet(int usd);
void rfc1305print(char *data, struct ntptime *arrival);
void udp_handle(int usd, char *data, int data_len, struct sockaddr *sa_source, int sa_len);

/* global variables (I know, bad form, but this is a short program) */
char incoming[1500];
struct timeval time_of_send;
int live=0;
int set_clock=1;   /* non-zero presumably needs root privs */

#ifdef ENABLE_DEBUG
int debug=0;
#define DEBUG_OPTION "d"
#else
#define debug 0
#define DEBUG_OPTION
#endif

int contemplate_data(unsigned int absolute, double skew, double errorbar, int freq);

int get_current_freq()
{
    /* OS dependent routine to get the current value of clock frequency.
     */
#ifdef linux
    struct timex txc;
    txc.modes=0;
    if (__adjtimex(&txc) < 0) {
        perror("adjtimex"); exit(1);
    }
    return txc.freq;
#else
    return 0;
#endif
}

int set_freq(int new_freq)
{
    /* OS dependent routine to set a new value of clock frequency.
     */
#ifdef linux
    struct timex txc;
    txc.modes = ADJ_FREQUENCY;
    txc.freq = new_freq;
    if (__adjtimex(&txc) < 0) {
        perror("adjtimex"); exit(1);
    }
    return txc.freq;
#else
    return 0;
#endif
}

void send_packet(int usd)
{
    __u32 data[12];
    struct timeval now;
#define LI 0
#define VN 3
#define MODE 3
#define STRATUM 0
#define POLL 4 
#define PREC -6

    if (debug) fprintf(stderr,"Sending ...\n");
    if (sizeof(data) != 48) {
        fprintf(stderr,"size error\n");
        return;
    }
    bzero(data,sizeof(data));
    data[0] = htonl (
        ( LI << 30 ) | ( VN << 27 ) | ( MODE << 24 ) |
        ( STRATUM << 16) | ( POLL << 8 ) | ( PREC & 0xff ) );
    data[1] = htonl(1<<16);  /* Root Delay (seconds) */
    data[2] = htonl(1<<16);  /* Root Dispersion (seconds) */
    gettimeofday(&now,NULL);
    data[10] = htonl(now.tv_sec + JAN_1970); /* Transmit Timestamp coarse */
    data[11] = htonl(NTPFRAC(now.tv_usec));  /* Transmit Timestamp fine   */
    send(usd,data,48,0);
    time_of_send=now;
}


void udp_handle(int usd, char *data, int data_len, struct sockaddr *sa_source, int sa_len)
{
    struct timeval udp_arrival;
    struct ntptime udp_arrival_ntp;

#ifdef _PRECISION_SIOCGSTAMP
    if ( ioctl(usd, SIOCGSTAMP, &udp_arrival) < 0 ) {
        perror("ioctl-SIOCGSTAMP");
        gettimeofday(&udp_arrival,NULL);
    }
#else