bean的加载（十）属性注入

在了解循环依赖的时候，我们曾经反复提到了populateBean这个函数，也多少了解了这个函数的主要功能就是属性填充，那么如何实现填充呢？

protected void populateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw) {
		PropertyValues pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();

		if (bw == null) {
			if (!pvs.isEmpty()) {
				throw new BeanCreationException(
						mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Cannot apply property values to null instance");
			}
			else {
				// Skip property population phase for null instance.
				return;
			}
		}

		// Give any InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors the opportunity to modify the
		// state of the bean before properties are set. This can be used, for example,
		// to support styles of field injection.
		boolean continueWithPropertyPopulation = true;

		if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
			for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
				if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
					InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
					//返回值为是否继续填充bean
					if (!ibp.postProcessAfterInstantiation(bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName)) {
						continueWithPropertyPopulation = false;
						break;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		//如果后处理器发出停止填充命令则终止后续的执行
		if (!continueWithPropertyPopulation) {
			return;
		}

		if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME ||
				mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
			MutablePropertyValues newPvs = new MutablePropertyValues(pvs);

			// Add property values based on autowire by name if applicable.
			//根据名称自动注入
			if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME) {
				autowireByName(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
			}

			// Add property values based on autowire by type if applicable.
			//根据类型自动注入
			if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
				autowireByType(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
			}

			pvs = newPvs;
		}
		//后处理器已经初始化
		boolean hasInstAwareBpps = hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors();
		//需要依赖检查
		boolean needsDepCheck = (mbd.getDependencyCheck() != RootBeanDefinition.DEPENDENCY_CHECK_NONE);

		if (hasInstAwareBpps || needsDepCheck) {
			PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
			if (hasInstAwareBpps) {
				for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
					if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
						InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
						//对所有需要依赖检查的属性进行后处理
						pvs = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
						if (pvs == null) {
							return;
						}
					}
				}
			}
			if (needsDepCheck) {
				//依赖检查，对应depends-on属性，3.0已经弃用此属性
				checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs);
			}
		}
		//将属性应用到bean中
		//将所有ProtertyValues中的属性填充至BeanWrapper中。
		applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs);
	}

上面步骤中有几个地方是我们比较感兴趣的，它们分别是依赖注入（autowireByName/autowireByType）以及属性填充，接下来进一步分析这几个功能的实现细节。

1.autowireByName

上面提到根据注入类型（byName/byType），提取依赖的bean,并统一存入PropertyValues中，我们看下byName是如何实现的：

/**
	 * 在传入的参数bw中，找出已经加载的bean,并递归实例化，进而加入到pvs中。
	 */
	protected void autowireByName(
			String beanName, AbstractBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, MutablePropertyValues pvs) {
		//寻找bw中需要依赖注入的属性
		String[] propertyNames = unsatisfiedNonSimpleProperties(mbd, bw);
		for (String propertyName : propertyNames) {
			if (containsBean(propertyName)) {
				//递归初始化相关的bean
				Object bean = getBean(propertyName);
				pvs.add(propertyName, bean);
				//注册依赖
				registerDependentBean(propertyName, beanName);
				if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
					logger.debug("Added autowiring by name from bean name '" + beanName +
							"' via property '" + propertyName + "' to bean named '" + propertyName + "'");
				}
			}
			else {
				if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
					logger.trace("Not autowiring property '" + propertyName + "' of bean '" + beanName +
							"' by name: no matching bean found");
				}
			}
		}
	}

2.autowireByType

autowireByType与autowireByName对于我们理解与使用来说复杂程度相似，但是实现功能的复杂度却不一样

protected void autowireByType(
			String beanName, AbstractBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, MutablePropertyValues pvs) {

		TypeConverter converter = getCustomTypeConverter();
		if (converter == null) {
			converter = bw;
		}

		Set<String> autowiredBeanNames = new LinkedHashSet<String>(4);
		//寻找bw中需要依赖注入的属性
		String[] propertyNames = unsatisfiedNonSimpleProperties(mbd, bw);
		for (String propertyName : propertyNames) {
			try {
				PropertyDescriptor pd = bw.getPropertyDescriptor(propertyName);
				// Don't try autowiring by type for type Object: never makes sense,
				// even if it technically is a unsatisfied, non-simple property.
				if (!Object.class.equals(pd.getPropertyType())) {
					//探测指定属性的set方法
					MethodParameter methodParam = BeanUtils.getWriteMethodParameter(pd);
					// Do not allow eager init for type matching in case of a prioritized post-processor.
					boolean eager = !PriorityOrdered.class.isAssignableFrom(bw.getWrappedClass());
					DependencyDescriptor desc = new AutowireByTypeDependencyDescriptor(methodParam, eager);
					//解析指定beanName的属性所匹配的值，并把解析到的属性名称存储在autowiredBeanNames中，
					Object autowiredArgument = resolveDependency(desc, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, converter);
					if (autowiredArgument != null) {
						pvs.add(propertyName, autowiredArgument);
					}
					for (String autowiredBeanName : autowiredBeanNames) {
						//注册依赖
						registerDependentBean(autowiredBeanName, beanName);
						if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
							logger.debug("Autowiring by type from bean name '" + beanName + "' via property '" +
									propertyName + "' to bean named '" + autowiredBeanName + "'");
						}
					}
					autowiredBeanNames.clear();
				}
			}
			catch (BeansException ex) {
				throw new UnsatisfiedDependencyException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, propertyName, ex);
			}
		}
	}

根据名称第一步与根据属性第一步都是寻找bw中需要依赖注入的属性，然后遍历这些属性并寻找类型匹配的bean,其中最复杂就是寻找类型匹配的bean。

对于寻找类型匹配的逻辑实现封装了resolveDependency函数中。ublic Object resolveDependency(DependencyDescriptor descriptor, String beanName, Set<String> autowiredBeanNames, TypeConverter typeConverter) throws BeansException {

		descriptor.initParameterNameDiscovery(getParameterNameDiscoverer());
		if (descriptor.getDependencyType().equals(ObjectFactory.class)) {
			//ObjectFactory类注入的特殊处理
			return new DependencyObjectFactory(descriptor, beanName);
		}
		else if (descriptor.getDependencyType().equals(javaxInjectProviderClass)) {
			//javaxInjectProviderClass类注入的特殊处理
			return new DependencyProviderFactory().createDependencyProvider(descriptor, beanName);
		}
		else {
			//通用处理逻辑
			return doResolveDependency(descriptor, descriptor.getDependencyType(), beanName, autowiredBeanNames, typeConverter);
		}
	}

	protected Object doResolveDependency(DependencyDescriptor descriptor, Class<?> type, String beanName,
			Set<String> autowiredBeanNames, TypeConverter typeConverter) throws BeansException {
		/*
		 * 用于支持Spring中新增的注解@Value
		 */
		Object value = getAutowireCandidateResolver().getSuggestedValue(descriptor);
		if (value != null) {
			if (value instanceof String) {
				String strVal = resolveEmbeddedValue((String) value);
				BeanDefinition bd = (beanName != null && containsBean(beanName) ? getMergedBeanDefinition(beanName) : null);
				value = evaluateBeanDefinitionString(strVal, bd);
			}
			TypeConverter converter = (typeConverter != null ? typeConverter : getTypeConverter());
			return (descriptor.getField() != null ?
					converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getField()) :
					converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getMethodParameter()));
		}
		//如果解析器没有成功解析，则需要考虑各种情况
		//属性是数组类型
		if (type.isArray()) {
			Class<?> componentType = type.getComponentType();
			//根据属性类型找到beanFactory中所有类型的匹配bean，
			//返回值的构成为：key=匹配的beanName,value=beanName对应的实例化后的bean（通过getBean(beanName)返回）
			Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, componentType, descriptor);
			if (matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
				//如果autowire的require属性为true而找到的匹配项却为空则只能抛出异常
				if (descriptor.isRequired()) {
					raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(componentType, "array of " + componentType.getName(), descriptor);
				}
				return null;
			}
			if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
				autowiredBeanNames.addAll(matchingBeans.keySet());
			}
			TypeConverter converter = (typeConverter != null ? typeConverter : getTypeConverter());
			//通过转换器将bean的值转换为对应的type类型
			return converter.convertIfNecessary(matchingBeans.values(), type);
		}
		//属性是Collection类型
		else if (Collection.class.isAssignableFrom(type) && type.isInterface()) {
			Class<?> elementType = descriptor.getCollectionType();
			if (elementType == null) {
				if (descriptor.isRequired()) {
					throw new FatalBeanException("No element type declared for collection [" + type.getName() + "]");
				}
				return null;
			}
			Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, elementType, descriptor);
			if (matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
				if (descriptor.isRequired()) {
					raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(elementType, "collection of " + elementType.getName(), descriptor);
				}
				return null;
			}
			if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
				autowiredBeanNames.addAll(matchingBeans.keySet());
			}
			TypeConverter converter = (typeConverter != null ? typeConverter : getTypeConverter());
			return converter.convertIfNecessary(matchingBeans.values(), type);
		}
		//属性是Map类型
		else if (Map.class.isAssignableFrom(type) && type.isInterface()) {
			Class<?> keyType = descriptor.getMapKeyType();
			if (keyType == null || !String.class.isAssignableFrom(keyType)) {
				if (descriptor.isRequired()) {
					throw new FatalBeanException("Key type [" + keyType + "] of map [" + type.getName() +
							"] must be assignable to [java.lang.String]");
				}
				return null;
			}
			Class<?> valueType = descriptor.getMapValueType();
			if (valueType == null) {
				if (descriptor.isRequired()) {
					throw new FatalBeanException("No value type declared for map [" + type.getName() + "]");
				}
				return null;
			}
			Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, valueType, descriptor);
			if (matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
				if (descriptor.isRequired()) {
					raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(valueType, "map with value type " + valueType.getName(), descriptor);
				}
				return null;
			}
			if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
				autowiredBeanNames.addAll(matchingBeans.keySet());
			}
			return matchingBeans;
		}
		else {
			Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, type, descriptor);
			if (matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
				if (descriptor.isRequired()) {
					raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(type, "", descriptor);
				}
				return null;
			}
			if (matchingBeans.size() > 1) {
				String primaryBeanName = determinePrimaryCandidate(matchingBeans, descriptor);
				if (primaryBeanName == null) {
					throw new NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException(type, matchingBeans.keySet());
				}
				if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
					autowiredBeanNames.add(primaryBeanName);
				}
				return matchingBeans.get(primaryBeanName);
			}
			// We have exactly one match.
			Map.Entry<String, Object> entry = matchingBeans.entrySet().iterator().next();
			if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
				autowiredBeanNames.add(entry.getKey());
			}
			//已经确定只有一个匹配项
			return entry.getValue();
		}
	}

寻找类型的匹配执行顺序时，手下尝试使用解析器解析，如果解析器没有成功解析，可能是默认的解析器没有做任何处理，或者是使用了自定义解析器。

虽说对于不同类型的处理方式不一致，但是大致的思路还是相似的，所以函数中只对数组类型进行了详细地注释。

3.applyPropertyValues

程序运行到这里，已经完成了对所有注入属性的获取，但是获取的属性是以PropertyValues形式存在的，还并没有应用到已经实例化的bean中，这一工作是在applyPropertyValues中。

protected void applyPropertyValues(String beanName, BeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, PropertyValues pvs) {
		if (pvs == null || pvs.isEmpty()) {
			return;
		}

		MutablePropertyValues mpvs = null;
		List<PropertyValue> original;

		if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
			if (bw instanceof BeanWrapperImpl) {
				((BeanWrapperImpl) bw).setSecurityContext(getAccessControlContext());
			}
		}

		if (pvs instanceof MutablePropertyValues) {
			mpvs = (MutablePropertyValues) pvs;
			//如果mpvs中的值已经被转换为对应的类型那么可以直接设置到beanwapper中
			if (mpvs.isConverted()) {
				// Shortcut: use the pre-converted values as-is.
				try {
					bw.setPropertyValues(mpvs);
					return;
				}
				catch (BeansException ex) {
					throw new BeanCreationException(
							mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
				}
			}
			original = mpvs.getPropertyValueList();
		}
		else {
			//如果pvs并不是使用MutablePropertyValues封装的类型，那么直接使用原始的属性获取方法
			original = Arrays.asList(pvs.getPropertyValues());
		}

		TypeConverter converter = getCustomTypeConverter();
		if (converter == null) {
			converter = bw;
		}
		//获取对应的解析器
		BeanDefinitionValueResolver valueResolver = new BeanDefinitionValueResolver(this, beanName, mbd, converter);

		// Create a deep copy, resolving any references for values.
		List<PropertyValue> deepCopy = new ArrayList<PropertyValue>(original.size());
		boolean resolveNecessary = false;
		//遍历属性，将属性转换为对应类的对应属性的类型
		for (PropertyValue pv : original) {
			if (pv.isConverted()) {
				deepCopy.add(pv);
			}
			else {
				String propertyName = pv.getName();
				Object originalValue = pv.getValue();
				Object resolvedValue = valueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(pv, originalValue);
				Object convertedValue = resolvedValue;
				boolean convertible = bw.isWritableProperty(propertyName) &&
						!PropertyAccessorUtils.isNestedOrIndexedProperty(propertyName);
				if (convertible) {
					convertedValue = convertForProperty(resolvedValue, propertyName, bw, converter);
				}
				// Possibly store converted value in merged bean definition,
				// in order to avoid re-conversion for every created bean instance.
				if (resolvedValue == originalValue) {
					if (convertible) {
						pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
					}
					deepCopy.add(pv);
				}
				else if (convertible && originalValue instanceof TypedStringValue &&
						!((TypedStringValue) originalValue).isDynamic() &&
						!(convertedValue instanceof Collection || ObjectUtils.isArray(convertedValue))) {
					pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
					deepCopy.add(pv);
				}
				else {
					resolveNecessary = true;
					deepCopy.add(new PropertyValue(pv, convertedValue));
				}
			}
		}
		if (mpvs != null && !resolveNecessary) {
			mpvs.setConverted();
		}

		// Set our (possibly massaged) deep copy.
		try {
			bw.setPropertyValues(new MutablePropertyValues(deepCopy));
		}
		catch (BeansException ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(
					mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
		}
	}