go---访问网络服务

syscall.Socket

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"syscall"
)

func main() {
	fd1, err := syscall.Socket(
		syscall.AF_INET, syscall.SOCK_STREAM, syscall.IPPROTO_TCP)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("socket error: %v\n", err)
		return
	}
	defer syscall.Close(fd1)
	fmt.Printf("The file descriptor of socket: %d\n", fd1)
}	

net.Dial

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"bufio"
	"io"
	"net"
	"runtime"
)

func main() {
	network := "tcp"
	host := "baidu.com"
	reqStrTpl := `HEAD / HTTP/1.1
Accept: */*
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: keep-alive
Host: %s
User-Agent: Dialer/%s



`

	network1 := network + "4"
	address1 := host + ":80"
	fmt.Printf("Dial %q with network %q ...\n", address1, network1)
	// 调用 syscall.Socket
	conn1, err := net.Dial(network1, address1)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("dial error: %v\n", err)
		return
	}
	defer conn1.Close()

	reqStr1 := fmt.Sprintf(reqStrTpl, host, runtime.Version())
	fmt.Printf("The request:\n%s\n", reqStr1)
	_, err = io.WriteString(conn1, reqStr1)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("write error: %v\n", err)
		return
	}
	fmt.Println()

	reader1 := bufio.NewReader(conn1)
	line1, err := reader1.ReadString('\n')
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("read error: %v\n", err)
		return
	}
	fmt.Printf("The first line of response:\n%s\n", line1)
	fmt.Println()
}	

net.DialTimeout 给定的超时时间

代表函数为网络连接建立完成而等待的最长时间，由参数 timeout 给定。

时间主要花费在“解析参数 network 和 address 值”和“创建 socket 实例并建立网络连接”上。

只要在绝对的超时时间到达，网络连接还没有建立完成，函数就会返回一个代表了 I/O 操作超时的错误值。

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"net"
	"time"
)

type dailArgs struct {
	network	string
	address	string
	timeout	time.Duration
}

func main() {
	dialArgsList := []dailArgs {
		{
			"tcp",
			"baidu.com:80",
			time.Millisecond * 500,
		},
		{
			"tcp",
			"baidu.com:80",
			time.Millisecond,
		},
	}

	for _, args := range dialArgsList {
		fmt.Printf("Dial %q with network %q and timeout %s ...\n",
			args.address, args.network, args.timeout)
		ts1 := time.Now()
		conn, err := net.DialTimeout(args.network, args.address, args.timeout)
		ts2 := time.Now()
		fmt.Printf("Elapsed time: %s\n", time.Duration(ts2.Sub(ts1)))
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Printf("dial error: %v\n\n", err)
			continue
		}
		defer conn.Close()
		fmt.Printf("The local address: %s\n", conn.LocalAddr())
		fmt.Printf("The remote address: %s\n", conn.RemoteAddr())
		fmt.Println()
	}	
}