Python中if __name__ == '__main__' 的用法

Python中if __name__ == '__main__'的用法

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当脚本通过命令的形式给出

python myscript.py

所有在0层缩进（indentation level ）的代码将会执行，class和function将不会执行。不像其他语言，Python中无自动运行的main（）函数；主函数隐含在所有0层缩进的代码。
__name__是Python的内建函数，指的是当前模块的名称，在脚本被直接执行时__name__被替代为__main__,因此可以用这种办法测试代码是否被直接执行。
下面是一个例子：

# file one.py
def func():
    print("func() in one.py")

print("top-level in one.py")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("one.py is being run directly")
else:
    print("one.py is being imported into another module")

# file two.py
import one#注意这导入了one.py

print("top-level in two.py")
one.func()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("two.py is being run directly")
else:
    print("two.py is being imported into another module")

如果你执行one.py

python one.py

结果为：

top-level in one.py
one.py is being run directly

如果你执行two.py

python two.py

结果为：

top-level in one.py
one.py is being imported into another module
top-level in two.py
func() in one.py
two.py is being run directly

文章转载翻译至stackoverflow中Adam Rosenfield的回答