tensorflow2自动调参（在fashion_mnist数据集上利用keras_tuner自动进行网格搜索优化网络结构）

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Introduction to the Keras Tuner

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Overview

The Keras Tuner is a library that helps you pick the optimal set of hyperparameters for your TensorFlow program. The process of selecting the right set of hyperparameters for your machine learning (ML) application is called hyperparameter tuning or hypertuning.

Hyperparameters are the variables that govern the training process and the topology of an ML model. These variables remain constant over the training process and directly impact the performance of your ML program. Hyperparameters are of two types:

1. Model hyperparameters which influence model selection such as the number and width of hidden layers
2. Algorithm hyperparameters which influence the speed and quality of the learning algorithm such as the learning rate for Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and the number of nearest neighbors for a k Nearest Neighbors (KNN) classifier

In this tutorial, you will use the Keras Tuner to perform hypertuning for an image classification application.

Setup

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow import keras

import IPython

Install and import the Keras Tuner.

!pip install -q -U keras-tuner
import kerastuner as kt

Download and prepare the dataset

In this tutorial, you will use the Keras Tuner to find the best hyperparameters for a machine learning model that classifies images of clothing from the Fashion MNIST dataset.

Load the data.

(img_train, label_train), (img_test, label_test) = keras.datasets.fashion_mnist.load_data()

# Normalize pixel values between 0 and 1
img_train = img_train.astype('float32') / 255.0
img_test = img_test.astype('float32') / 255.0

Define the model

When you build a model for hypertuning, you also define the hyperparameter search space in addition to the model architecture. The model you set up for hypertuning is called a hypermodel.

You can define a hypermodel through two approaches:

• By using a model builder function
• By subclassing the HyperModel class of the Keras Tuner API

You can also use two pre-defined HyperModel classes - HyperXception and HyperResNet for computer vision applications.

In this tutorial, you use a model builder function to define the image classification model. The model builder function returns a compiled model and uses hyperparameters you define inline to hypertune the model.

def model_builder(hp):
  model = keras.Sequential()
  model.add(keras.layers.Flatten(input_shape