#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
class Student
{
public:
void set_data(int n, char *p,char s);
void display( );
private:
int num;
char name[20];
char sex;
};
void Student::set_data(int n, char *p,char s)
{
num=n;
strcpy(name,p);
sex=s;
}
void Student::display( )
{
cout<<"num: "<<num<<endl;
cout<<"name: " <<name<<endl;
cout<<"sex: " <<sex<<endl;
}
int main()
{
Student stud1,stud2;
stud1.set_data(1,"He",'f');
stud2.set_data(2,"She",'m');
stud1.display();
stud2.display();
return 0;
}
/*问题:
?l 概括这种写法的特点___用共有的成员函数,去调用私用的数据成员_____。
?l 在类定义中,公共成员在前,私有成员在后,有何好处?_方便类的使用者打开此类的定义文件就能看到,而不用往后面翻__
?l 成员函数的实现写在类定义之外,有何好处?____性能来说没啥区别,不过放在类外,代码的定义和实现分开,有利于代码封转,别人需要调用你的接口的时候,你可以只给他头文件,代码的实现自己留着____
?l 将第5行public: 去掉,记录出现的问题____D:\sdfs\main.cpp||In function 'int main()':|
D:\sdfs\main.cpp|14|error: 'void Student::set_data(int, char*, char)' is private|
D:\sdfs\main.cpp|29|error: within this context|
D:\sdfs\main.cpp|29|warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to 'char*' [-Wwrite-strings]|
D:\sdfs\main.cpp|14|error: 'void Student::set_data(int, char*, char)' is private|
D:\sdfs\main.cpp|30|error: within this context|
D:\sdfs\main.cpp|30|warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to 'char*' [-Wwrite-strings]|
D:\sdfs\main.cpp|20|error: 'void Student::display()' is private|
D:\sdfs\main.cpp|31|error: within this context|
D:\sdfs\main.cpp|20|error: 'void Student::display()' is private|
D:\sdfs\main.cpp|32|error: within this context|
||=== 已完成构建: 8 errors, 2 warnings (0 minutes, 0 seconds) ===|
__,原因是___系统将成员函数默认为private__。加上public,将程序改回正确状态。
?l 将第18行void Student::display( )写作为void display( ),即去掉Student::,结果会是___||=== asdas, Debug ===|
D:\asdas\main.cpp||In function 'void display()':|
D:\asdas\main.cpp|22|error: 'num' was not declared in this scope|
D:\asdas\main.cpp|23|error: 'name' was not declared in this scope|
D:\asdas\main.cpp|24|error: 'sex' was not declared in this scope|
D:\asdas\main.cpp||In function 'int main()':|
D:\asdas\main.cpp|14|error: 'void Student::set_data(int, char*, char)' is private|
D:\asdas\main.cpp|29|error: within this context|
D:\asdas\main.cpp|29|warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to 'char*' [-Wwrite-strings]|
D:\asdas\main.cpp|14|error: 'void Student::set_data(int, char*, char)' is private|
D:\asdas\main.cpp|30|error: within this context|
D:\asdas\main.cpp|30|warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to 'char*' [-Wwrite-strings]|
D:\asdas\main.cpp|8|error: 'void Student::display()' is private|
D:\asdas\main.cpp|31|error: within this context|
D:\asdas\main.cpp|8|error: 'void Student::display()' is private|
D:\asdas\main.cpp|32|error: within this context|
||=== Build finished: 11 errors, 2 warnings (0 minutes, 1 seconds) ===|
__?Student::的作用是___限定作用域__。将程序改回正确状态。
?l 在第30行后加一句:stud1.num=3,记录出现的情况,并解释原因。___该成员为private___
?l 去掉刚加的那一行,将第31行stud1.display();中的stud1.去掉,记录出现的情况,并解释原因。___未声明______
?l 在32行后增加cout<<sizeof(stud1)语句,看输出的结果,请做出解释_所站内存为整个函数所占空间__?
?l 初学者常将类定义后的分号丢掉,试将13行最后的分号去掉,记录出现的提示,并做出解释。_________
?l 你能想到的其他“坏”点子继续折腾吗?折腾出真知!
*/
掌握对象的程序结构2
最新推荐文章于 2023-09-21 11:40:37 发布