u-boot 的 init_sequence解析

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-11 13:07:48 发布

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分类专栏： U-boot

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u012351051/article/details/87952015

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start_armboot (void)是u-boot开始执行的第一个C函数，该函数自然要进行各种初始化工作，而init_sequence则是进行各种初始化的函数数组，该函数定义在/lib_arm/board.c中，如下所示：

typedef int (init_fnc_t) (void);    //init_fnc_t就是个返回值为int的函数，参数为空

init_fnc_t *init_sequence[] = {
#if defined(CONFIG_ARCH_CPU_INIT)
	arch_cpu_init,		/* basic arch cpu dependent setup */
#endif
	board_init,		/* basic board dependent setup */
#if defined(CONFIG_USE_IRQ)
	interrupt_init,		/* set up exceptions */
#endif
	timer_init,		/* initialize timer */
	env_init,		/* initialize environment */
	init_baudrate,		/* initialze baudrate settings */
	serial_init,		/* serial communications setup */
	console_init_f,		/* stage 1 init of console */
	display_banner,		/* say that we are here */
#if defined(CONFIG_DISPLAY_CPUINFO)
	print_cpuinfo,		/* display cpu info (and speed) */
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_DISPLAY_BOARDINFO)
	checkboard,		/* display board info */
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_HARD_I2C) || defined(CONFIG_SOFT_I2C)
	init_func_i2c,
#endif
	dram_init,		/* configure available RAM banks */
#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_PCI) || defined (CONFIG_PCI)
	arm_pci_init,
#endif
	display_dram_config,
	NULL,
};

这些配置宏定义(CONFIG_xxx)一般在要移值的开发板的头文件里，比如/include/configs/mx28_evk.h中，去掉这些条件编译，该指针数组为：

init_fnc_t *init_sequence[] = {
	arch_cpu_init,		/* basic arch cpu dependent setup */
	board_init,		/* basic board dependent setup */
	timer_init,		/* initialize timer */
	env_init,		/* initialize environment */
	init_baudrate,		/* initialze baudrate settings */
	serial_init,		/* serial communications setup */
	console_init_f,		/* stage 1 init of console */
	display_banner,		/* say that we are here */
	print_cpuinfo,		/* display cpu info (and speed) */
	init_func_i2c,
	dram_init,		   /* configure available RAM banks */
	display_dram_config,
	NULL,
};

下面就逐个分析上述包含的初始化函数：

1、arch_cpu_init, /* basic arch cpu dependent setup */

//mx28/generic.c
//对cache的使能，寄存器层面，freescale官方提供
int arch_cpu_init(void)
{
	icache_enable();
	dcache_enable();

	return 0;
}

2、board_init, /* basic board dependent setup */

//mx28/mx28_evk.c
//给gd->bd赋值，2个要传递给linux的参数：CPU架构，bi_boot_params
//bi_boot_params:表示传递给内核的参数位置
//初始化nand flash接口
//初始化看门狗
int board_init(void)
{
	/* Will change it for MX28 EVK later */
	gd->bd->bi_arch_number = MACH_TYPE_MX28EVK;
	/* Adress of boot parameters */
	gd->bd->bi_boot_params = PHYS_SDRAM_1 + 0x100;

	setup_gpmi_nand();

	//watch dog init
    pin_set_type(PINID_GPMI_RDY1, PIN_GPIO);
    pin_gpio_direction(PINID_GPMI_RDY1, 1);
    pin_gpio_set(PINID_GPMI_RDY1, 0);

	return 0;
}

3、timer_init, /* initialize timer */

//mx28/timer.c
//定时器初始化，freescale厂家提供
int timer_init(void)
{
	/*
	 * Reset Timers and Rotary Encoder module
	 */

	/* Clear SFTRST */
	REG_CLR(REGS_TIMROT_BASE, HW_TIMROT_ROTCTRL, 1 << 31);
	while (REG_RD(REGS_TIMROT_BASE, HW_TIMROT_ROTCTRL) & (1 << 31))
		;

	/* Clear CLKGATE */
	REG_CLR(REGS_TIMROT_BASE, HW_TIMROT_ROTCTRL, 1 << 30);

	/* Set SFTRST and wait until CLKGATE is set */
	REG_SET(REGS_TIMROT_BASE, HW_TIMROT_ROTCTRL, 1 << 31);
	while (!(REG_RD(REGS_TIMROT_BASE, HW_TIMROT_ROTCTRL) & (1 << 30)))
		;

	/* Clear SFTRST and CLKGATE */
	REG_CLR(REGS_TIMROT_BASE, HW_TIMROT_ROTCTRL, 1 << 31);
	REG_CLR(REGS_TIMROT_BASE, HW_TIMROT_ROTCTRL, 1 << 30);

	/*
	* Now initialize timer
	*/

	/* Set fixed_count to 0 */
	REG_WR(REGS_TIMROT_BASE, HW_TIMROT_FIXED_COUNTn(N), 0);

	/* set UPDATE bit and 1Khz frequency */
	REG_WR(REGS_TIMROT_BASE, HW_TIMROT_TIMCTRLn(N),
		BM_TIMROT_TIMCTRLn_RELOAD | BM_TIMROT_TIMCTRLn_UPDATE |
		BV_TIMROT_TIMCTRLn_SELECT__1KHZ_XTAL);

	/* Set fixed_count to maximal value */
	REG_WR(REGS_TIMROT_BASE, HW_TIMROT_FIXED_COUNTn(N), TIMER_LOAD_VAL);

	/* init the timestamp and lastdec value */
	reset_timer_masked();

	return 0;
}

4、env_init, /* initialize environment */

//u-boot环境参数初始化
//将u-boot默认支持的环境参数指针赋值给gd->env_addr
int  env_init(void)
{
	gd->env_addr  = (ulong)&default_environment[0];
	gd->env_valid = 0;

	return (0);
}

5、init_baudrate, /* initialze baudrate settings */

///lib_arm/board.c
//波特率初始化，主要是对bd->bi_baudrate的初始化赋值
//判断环境参数baudrate的值，如果不为0，则取env的值
//反之则取移值板子头文件mx28_evk.h中的默认配置宏定义CONFIG_BAUDRATE
//这里很显然取值为 CONFIG_BAUDRATE  115200
static int init_baudrate (void)
{
	char tmp[64];	/* long enough for environment variables */
	int i = getenv_r ("baudrate", tmp, sizeof (tmp));
	gd->bd->bi_baudrate = gd->baudrate = (i > 0)
			? (int) simple_strtoul (tmp, NULL, 10)
			: CONFIG_BAUDRATE;

	return (0);
}

6、serial_init, /* serial communications setup */

///cpu/arm926ejs/mx28/serial.c
//串口的初始化，主要是对调试串口的初始化，也是能实现整个运行信息打印
int serial_init(void)
{
	/*Config the AUART0_CTS/RTS as the DUART.RX/TX*/
	//lolevel_init.s config the duart functin
//	pin_set_type(PINID_PWM0, PIN_FUN2);
//	pin_set_type(PINID_PWM1, PIN_FUN2);
//	pin_set_type(PINID_AUART0_CTS, PIN_FUN3);
//	pin_set_type(PINID_AUART0_RTS, PIN_FUN3);	
	
	/* Disable UART */
	REG_WR(REGS_UARTDBG_BASE, HW_UARTDBGCR, 0);

	/* Mask interrupts */
	REG_WR(REGS_UARTDBG_BASE, HW_UARTDBGIMSC, 0);

	/* Set default baudrate */
	serial_setbrg();

	/* Enable UART */
	REG_WR(REGS_UARTDBG_BASE, HW_UARTDBGCR,
		BM_UARTDBGCR_TXE | BM_UARTDBGCR_RXE | BM_UARTDBGCR_UARTEN);
	return 0;
}

7、console_init_f, /* stage 1 init of console */

///common/console.c
/* Called before relocation - use serial functions */
// have_console = 1 表明将串口作为控制台的输入输出设备
int console_init_f(void)
{
	gd->have_console = 1;

#ifdef CONFIG_SILENT_CONSOLE
	if (getenv("silent") != NULL)
		gd->flags |= GD_FLG_SILENT;
#endif

	return 0;
}

8、display_banner, /* say that we are here */

//lib/board.c
//显示debug信息，比如各种开始地址等。
static int display_banner (void)
{
	printf ("\n\n%s\n\n", version_string);
	debug ("U-Boot code: %08lX -> %08lX  BSS: -> %08lX\n",
	       _armboot_start, _bss_start, _bss_end);
#ifdef CONFIG_MODEM_SUPPORT
	debug ("Modem Support enabled\n");
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_USE_IRQ
	debug ("IRQ Stack: %08lx\n", IRQ_STACK_START);
	debug ("FIQ Stack: %08lx\n", FIQ_STACK_START);
#endif

	return (0);
}

9、print_cpuinfo, /* display cpu info (and speed) */

//cpu/arm926ejs/mx28/generic.c
//打印cpu的各种信息，比如cpu时钟、cpu生产商信息等。
int print_cpuinfo(void)
{
	printf("Freescale i.MX28 family\n");
	printf("CPU:   %d MHz\n", mx28_get_pclk());
	printf("BUS:   %d MHz\n", mx28_get_hclk());
	printf("EMI:   %d MHz\n", mx28_get_emiclk());
	printf("GPMI:   %d MHz\n", mx28_get_gpmiclk());
	return 0;
}

10、init_func_i2c

///lib_arm/board.c
//初始化I2C接口，对各种I2C接口
static int init_func_i2c (void)
{
	puts ("I2C:   ");
	i2c_init (CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SPEED, CONFIG_SYS_I2C_SLAVE);
	puts ("ready\n");
	return (0);
}

11、dram_init, /* configure available RAM banks */

//board/freescale/mx28_evk.c
//这里不是对内存设备的初始化，因为freescale已经有了SDRAM_Prep,
//这里是对 全局变量 gd->bd-bi_dram[0]的初始化，这个是要传递给内核kernel的
//bi_dram[0]是一个结构体，包含了内存起始地址和、内存大小
//zlg移值为了兼容性，所以支持2种内存大小。
int dram_init(void)
{
	int iSizeMb = ddr2SizeDetect();         //Modify by zhangzhanwei

       	gd->bd->bi_dram[0].start = PHYS_SDRAM_1;

	//Modify by zhangzhanwei
	if (iSizeMb == 128) {
		gd->bd->bi_dram[0].size = PHYS_SDRAM_1_SIZE;
	} else {
		gd->bd->bi_dram[0].size = PHYS_SDRAM_1_SIZE >> 1;
	}

	return 0;
}

12、display_dram_config,

//lib_arm/board.c
//打印显示DRAM的配置信息
static int display_dram_config (void)
{
	int i;

#ifdef DEBUG
	puts ("RAM Configuration:\n");

	for(i=0; i<CONFIG_NR_DRAM_BANKS; i++) {
		printf ("Bank #%d: %08lx ", i, gd->bd->bi_dram[i].start);
		print_size (gd->bd->bi_dram[i].size, "\n");
	}
#else
	ulong size = 0;
	for (i=0; i<CONFIG_NR_DRAM_BANKS; i++) {
		size += gd->bd->bi_dram[i].size;
	}
	puts("DRAM:  ");
	print_size(size, "\n");
#endif

	return (0);
}

小结：从上可知，上述多数初始化函数还是要求移值者去编写对应的具体函数的，这也是“移值”的本质，也就是u-boot提供整体框架和各种函数，而移值者根据具体情况编写对应的函数。比如在freescale中，移值主要的工作是要编写2个文件夹中的文件，分别为/board/freescale/mx28和/cpu/arm926ejs/mx28，当然也少不了/include/configs/mx28_evk.h 这个重要的配置头文件，前者是上述函数的实现，后者则是参数、函数编译等配置头文件。