linux串口编程实例（二）

１．串口设置相关的一个接口 

int set_opt(int fd,int nSpeed, int nBits, char nFlow, char nParity, int nStop)
{
    struct termios newtio，oldtio;

    if  ( tcgetattr(fd, &oldtio)  !=  0) { 
        perror("get serial attr failed!\n");
        return -1; 
    }   

    bzero( &newtio, sizeof( newtio ) );
    newtio.c_cflag  |=  CLOCAL | CREAD;
    newtio.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE;

    switch( nBits )
    {   
        case 5:
            newtio.c_cflag |= CS5;
            break;
        case 6:
            newtio.c_cflag |= CS6;
            break;
        case 7:
            newtio.c_cflag |= CS7;
            break;
        case 8:
            newtio.c_cflag |= CS8;
            break;
        default:
            newtio.c_cflag |= CS8;
            break;
    }

    switch(nFlow)
    {
        case 'N':
            newtio.c_cflag &= ~CRTSCTS;
            break;
        case 'H':
            newtio.c_cflag |= CRTSCTS;
            break;
        case 'S':
            newtio.c_cflag |= IXON|IXOFF|IXANY;
            break;
        default:
            newtio.c_cflag &= ~CRTSCTS;
            break;
    }

    switch( nParity )
    {
        case 'O':
            newtio.c_cflag |= PARENB;
            newtio.c_cflag |= PARODD;
            newtio.c_iflag |= (INPCK | PARMRK);
            //newtio.c_iflag |= (INPCK | ISTRIP | PARMRK);
            break;
        case 'E':
            //newtio.c_iflag |= (INPCK | ISTRIP | PARMRK);
            newtio.c_iflag |= (INPCK | PARMRK);
            newtio.c_cflag |= PARENB;
            newtio.c_cflag &= ~PARODD;
            break;
        case 'N':
            newtio.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;
            break;
        default:
            newtio.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;
            break;
    }

    switch( nSpeed )
    {
        case 2400:
            cfsetispeed(&newtio, B2400);
            cfsetospeed(&newtio, B2400);
            break;
        case 4800:
            cfsetispeed(&newtio, B4800);
            cfsetospeed(&newtio, B4800);
            break;
        case 9600:
            cfsetispeed(&newtio, B9600);
            cfsetospeed(&newtio, B9600);
            break;
        case 115200:
            cfsetispeed(&newtio, B115200);
            cfsetospeed(&newtio, B115200);
            break;
        case 460800:
            cfsetispeed(&newtio, B460800);
            cfsetospeed(&newtio, B460800);
            break;
        default:
            cfsetispeed(&newtio, B9600);
            cfsetospeed(&newtio, B9600);
            break;
    }
    if( nStop == 1 )
    {
        newtio.c_cflag &=  ~CSTOPB;
    }
    else if ( nStop == 2 )
    {
        newtio.c_cflag |=  CSTOPB;
    }else{
        newtio.c_cflag &=  ~CSTOPB;
    }

    newtio.c_cc[VTIME]  = 0;
    newtio.c_cc[VMIN] = 0;
    tcflush(fd,TCIFLUSH);

    if((tcsetattr(fd,TCSANOW,&newtio))!=0)
    {
            perror("com set error");
            return -1;
    }

    printf("set done!\n\r");
    return 0;
}

二．需要注意的事项

 newtio.c_iflag |= (INPCK | ISTRIP | PARMRK);

INPCK: 使能奇偶校验，这个必须要有．

ISTRIP:去掉第８bit,意味着传输的最大值为0x7F，这个配置一般不要，除非强制７位有效数据位

PARMRK: 用来标志奇或偶校验的字节，如果出错，则会在字节前输出＇\377\0＇

IGNPAR：忽略奇偶校验．

       IGNPAR Ignore framing errors and parity errors.

       PARMRK If  IGNPAR  is  not  set, prefix a character with a parity error or framing error with \377 \0.  If neither
              IGNPAR nor PARMRK is set, read a character with a parity error or framing error as \0.

实例代码链接如下

https://download.csdn.net/download/u012385733/10892475

１．实例实现了串口的基本配置：如波特率，数据位，停目位，奇偶校验，流控．

２．实例实现了通过配置文件修改串口的基本配置，在项目简单修改即可使用．