6.S081 Lab 1: Xv6 and Unix utilities

Xv6 Lab Utilities

6.S081 Lab 1: Xv6 and Unix utilities

参考: Lab: Xv6 and Unix utilities

sleep

Implement the UNIX program sleep for xv6; your sleep should pause for a user-specified number of ticks. A tick is a notion of time defined by the xv6 kernel, namely the time between two interrupts from the timer chip. Your solution should be in the file user/sleep.c.

Some hints:

• Before you start coding, read Chapter 1 of the xv6 book.
• Look at some of the other programs in user/ (e.g., user/echo.c, user/grep.c, and user/rm.c) to see how you can obtain the command-line arguments passed to a program.
• If the user forgets to pass an argument, sleep should print an error message.
• The command-line argument is passed as a string; you can convert it to an integer using atoi (see user/ulib.c).
• Use the system call sleep.
• See kernel/sysproc.c for the xv6 kernel code that implements the sleep system call (look for sys_sleep), user/user.h for the C definition of sleep callable from a user program, and user/usys.S for the assembler code that jumps from user code into the kernel for sleep.
• Make sure main calls exit() in order to exit your program.
• Add your sleep program to UPROGS in Makefile; once you’ve done that, make qemu will compile your program and you’ll be able to run it from the xv6 shell.
• Look at Kernighan and Ritchie’s book The C programming language (second edition) (K&R) to learn about C.

#include "kernel/types.h"
#include "kernel/stat.h"
#include "user/user.h"

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
   
  int ticks;  // time to sleep

  if(argc <= 1){
   
    fprintf(2, "usage: sleep ticks\n");
    exit(1);
  }
  ticks = atoi(argv[1]);

  sleep(ticks);

  exit(0);
}

build & run:

$ make qemu
...
init: starting sh
$ sleep 10
(nothing happens for a little while)
$

pingpong

Write a program that uses UNIX system calls to ‘‘ping-pong’’ a byte between two processes over a pair of pipes, one for each direction. The parent should send a byte to the child; the child should print “<pid>: received ping”, where <pid> is its process ID, write the byte on the pipe to the parent, and exit; the parent should read the byte from the child, print “<pid>: received pong”, and exit. Your solution should be in the file user/pingpong.c.

Some hints:

• Use pipe to create a pipe.
• Use fork to create a child.
• Use read to read from the pipe, and write to write to the pipe.
• Use getpid to find the process ID of the calling process.
• Add the program to UPROGS in Makefile.
• User programs on xv6 have a limited set of library functions available to them. You can see the list in user/user.h; the source (other than for system calls) is in user/ulib.c, user/printf.c, and user/umalloc.c.

#include "kernel/types.h"
#include "kernel/stat.h"
#include "user/user.h"

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
   
	int p[2];  // file descriptors for pipe
	char recv_buf[128];

	pipe(p);

	if (fork() == 0) {
     // child
		read(p[0], recv_buf, 4);
		close(p[0]);

		printf("%d: received %s\n", getpid(), recv_buf);

		write(p[1], "pong", 4);
		close(p[1]);

		exit(0);
	} else