ScrollView源码分析

1, 概述

ScrollView直接继承于FrameLayout,当需要展示的内容比较多但并不是重复的item时，就会使用ScrollView。它使内容可以在垂直方向滚动显示,防止显示不全。ScrollView使用起来非常简单，但是要注意的是ScrollView中只能添加一个直接的子View,并且只能在垂直方向上滑动。

2 ScrollView绘制解析

2.1 onMeasure

ScrollView中的onMeasure方法比较简单,直接调用子view的measure方法,

protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        if (!mFillViewport) {
            return;
        }
        final int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
        if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED) {
            return;
        }
        if (getChildCount() > 0) {
            final View child = getChildAt(0);
            int height = getMeasuredHeight();
            if (child.getMeasuredHeight() < height) {
                final FrameLayout.LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();

                int childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(widthMeasureSpec,
                        mPaddingLeft + mPaddingRight, lp.width);
                height -= mPaddingTop;
                height -= mPaddingBottom;
                int childHeightMeasureSpec =
                        MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(height, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);

                child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
            }
        }
    }

 看到了吧,只对第一个子view进行测量,然后调用其measure方法,所以一般该子view也是一个ViewGroup.

2.2 onLayout

protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
        super.onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b);
        mIsLayoutDirty = false;
        // Give a child focus if it needs it
        if (mChildToScrollTo != null && isViewDescendantOf(mChildToScrollTo, this)) {
            scrollToChild(mChildToScrollTo);
        }
        mChildToScrollTo = null; //是否还未添加过window中去
        if (!isLaidOut()) {
            if (mSavedState != null) {
                mScrollY = mSavedState.scrollPosition;
                mSavedState = null;
            } // mScrollY default value is "0"

            final int childHeight = (getChildCount() > 0) ? getChildAt(0).getMeasuredHeight() : 0;
            final int scrollRange = Math.max(0,
                    childHeight - (b - t - mPaddingBottom - mPaddingTop));

            // Don't forget to clamp
            if (mScrollY > scrollRange) {
                mScrollY = scrollRange;
            } else if (mScrollY < 0) {
                mScrollY = 0;
            }
        }

        // Calling this with the present values causes it to re-claim them
        scrollTo(mScrollX, mScrollY);
    }

也是调用父类的onLayout来完成子view的layout。

2.3 draw

public void draw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.draw(canvas);
        if (mEdgeGlowTop != null) {
            final int scrollY = mScrollY;
            if (!mEdgeGlowTop.isFinished()) {
                final int restoreCount = canvas.save();
                final int width = getWidth() - mPaddingLeft - mPaddingRight;

                canvas.translate(mPaddingLeft, Math.min(0, scrollY));
                mEdgeGlowTop.setSize(width, getHeight());
                if (mEdgeGlowTop.draw(canvas)) {
                    postInvalidateOnAnimation();
                }
                canvas.restoreToCount(restoreCount);
            }
            if (!mEdgeGlowBottom.isFinished()) {
                final int restoreCount = canvas.save();
                final int width = getWidth() - mPaddingLeft - mPaddingRight;
                final int height = getHeight();

                canvas.translate(-width + mPaddingLeft,
                        Math.max(getScrollRange(), scrollY) + height);
                canvas.rotate(180, width, 0);
                mEdgeGlowBottom.setSize(width, height);
                if (mEdgeGlowBottom.draw(canvas)) {
                    postInvalidateOnAnimation();
                }
                canvas.restoreToCount(restoreCount);
            }
        }
    }

依然是调用了父类的draw方法,由此可见,这三个方法基本没有对子view做什么特殊的处理。

3 触摸事件

ScrollView继承自ViewGroup的，所以触摸事件会依次调用dispatchTouchEvent() -> onInterceptTouchEvent() 若返回true,则调用 onTouchEvent方法处理触摸事件。ScrollView并没有重写dispatchTouchEvent方法,所以直接看onInterceptTouchEvent方法。

public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) { 
        final int action = ev.getAction();
         // 如果是移动手势并在处于拖拽阶段，直接返回true
        if ((action == MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE) && (mIsBeingDragged)) {
            return true;
        }

        /*
         * Don't try to intercept touch if we can't scroll anyway.
         */
        //如果垂直方向上没有滑动,直接返回false
        if (getScrollY() == 0 && !canScrollVertically(1)) {
            return false;
        }

        switch (action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK) {
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: {
                final int activePointerId = mActivePointerId;
//移动距离
                if (activePointerId == INVALID_POINTER) {
                    // If we don't have a valid id, the touch down wasn't on content.
                    break;
                }

                final int pointerIndex = ev.findPointerIndex(activePointerId);
                if (pointerIndex == -1) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "Invalid pointerId=" + activePointerId
                            + " in onInterceptTouchEvent");
                    break;
                }

                final int y = (int) ev.getY(pointerIndex);// 垂直触摸点
                final int yDiff = Math.abs(y - mLastMotionY); // 滑动的距离
            if (yDiff > mTouchSlop && (getNestedScrollAxes() & SCROLL_AXIS_VERTICAL) == 0) {
                  // 如果yDiff大于最小滑动距离，并且是垂直滑动则认为触发了滑动手势。
                    mIsBeingDragged = true;
                    mLastMotionY = y;
                    initVelocityTrackerIfNotExists();
                    mVelocityTracker.addMovement(ev);
                    mNestedYOffset = 0;
                    if (mScrollStrictSpan == null) {
                      mScrollStrictSpan = StrictMode.enterCriticalSpan("ScrollView-scroll");
                    }
                    final ViewParent parent = getParent();
                    if (parent != null) {
                         // 通知父布局不再拦截触摸事件
                        parent.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true);
                    }
                }
                break;
            }

            case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: {
                final int y = (int) ev.getY();
                if (!inChild((int) ev.getX(), (int) y)) {
                    mIsBeingDragged = false;
                    recycleVelocityTracker();
                    break;
                }

                /*
                 * Remember location of down touch.
                 * ACTION_DOWN always refers to pointer index 0.
                 */
                mLastMotionY = y;
                mActivePointerId = ev.getPointerId(0);

                initOrResetVelocityTracker();
                mVelocityTracker.addMovement(ev);
                /*
                * If being flinged and user touches the screen, initiate drag;
                * otherwise don't.  mScroller.isFinished should be false when
                * being flinged.
                */
                mIsBeingDragged = !mScroller.isFinished();
                if (mIsBeingDragged && mScrollStrictSpan == null) {
                    mScrollStrictSpan = StrictMode.enterCriticalSpan("ScrollView-scroll");
                }
                startNestedScroll(SCROLL_AXIS_VERTICAL);
                break;
            }

            case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                /* Release the drag */
                mIsBeingDragged = false;
                mActivePointerId = INVALID_POINTER;
                recycleVelocityTracker();
                if (mScroller.springBack(mScrollX, mScrollY, 0, 0, 0, getScrollRange())) {
                    postInvalidateOnAnimation();
                }
                stopNestedScroll();
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP:
                onSecondaryPointerUp(ev);
                break;
        }

        /*
        * The only time we want to intercept motion events is if we are in the
        * drag mode.
        */
        return mIsBeingDragged;
    }

由上面分析可知,一般只有在滑动并且滑动距离大于最小值的情况下会返回true,也就是会截取触摸事件(子view就不会处理),调用onTouchEvent方法,触摸事件的大致流程是

ACTION_DOWN ->ACTION_MOVE -> ... -> ACTION_MOVE -> ACTION_UP

直接看onTouchEvent方法的ACTION_MOVE事件,

case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                final int activePointerIndex = ev.findPointerIndex(mActivePointerId);
                if (activePointerIndex == -1) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "Invalid pointerId=" + mActivePointerId + " in onTouchEvent");
                    break;
                }

                final int y = (int) ev.getY(activePointerIndex);
                int deltaY = mLastMotionY - y; // 获取垂直方向的滑动距离
                if (dispatchNestedPreScroll(0, deltaY, mScrollConsumed, mScrollOffset)) {
                    deltaY -= mScrollConsumed[1];
                    vtev.offsetLocation(0, mScrollOffset[1]);
                    mNestedYOffset += mScrollOffset[1];
                }
                if (!mIsBeingDragged && Math.abs(deltaY) > mTouchSlop) {
                    final ViewParent parent = getParent();
                    if (parent != null) {
                        parent.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true);
                    }
                    mIsBeingDragged = true;
                    if (deltaY > 0) {
                        deltaY -= mTouchSlop;
                    } else {
                        deltaY += mTouchSlop;
                    }
                }
                if (mIsBeingDragged) {
                    // Scroll to follow the motion event
                    mLastMotionY = y - mScrollOffset[1];

                    final int oldY = mScrollY;
                    final int range = getScrollRange();
                    final int overscrollMode = getOverScrollMode();
                    boolean canOverscroll = overscrollMode == OVER_SCROLL_ALWAYS ||
                            (overscrollMode == OVER_SCROLL_IF_CONTENT_SCROLLS && range > 0);

                    // Calling overScrollBy will call onOverScrolled, which
                    // calls onScrollChanged if applicable.
              if (overScrollBy(0, deltaY, 0, mScrollY, 0, range, 0, mOverscrollDistance, true)
                            && !hasNestedScrollingParent()) {
                        // Break our velocity if we hit a scroll barrier.
                        mVelocityTracker.clear();
                    }

                    final int scrolledDeltaY = mScrollY - oldY;
                    final int unconsumedY = deltaY - scrolledDeltaY;
            if (dispatchNestedScroll(0, scrolledDeltaY, 0, unconsumedY, mScrollOffset)) {
                        mLastMotionY -= mScrollOffset[1];
                        vtev.offsetLocation(0, mScrollOffset[1]);
                        mNestedYOffset += mScrollOffset[1];
                    } else if (canOverscroll) {
                        final int pulledToY = oldY + deltaY;
                        if (pulledToY < 0) {
                            mEdgeGlowTop.onPull((float) deltaY / getHeight(),
                                    ev.getX(activePointerIndex) / getWidth());
                            if (!mEdgeGlowBottom.isFinished()) {
                                mEdgeGlowBottom.onRelease();
                            }
                        } else if (pulledToY > range) {
                            mEdgeGlowBottom.onPull((float) deltaY / getHeight(),
                                    1.f - ev.getX(activePointerIndex) / getWidth());
                            if (!mEdgeGlowTop.isFinished()) {
                                mEdgeGlowTop.onRelease();
                            }
                        }
if (mEdgeGlowTop != null && (!mEdgeGlowTop.isFinished() || !mEdgeGlowBottom.isFinished())) {
                            postInvalidateOnAnimation();
                        }
                    }
                }
                break;

ScrollView的onOverScrolled方法如下,

protected void onOverScrolled(int scrollX, int scrollY,
            boolean clampedX, boolean clampedY) {
        // Treat animating scrolls differently; see #computeScroll() for why.
        if (!mScroller.isFinished()) {
            final int oldX = mScrollX;
            final int oldY = mScrollY;
            mScrollX = scrollX;
            mScrollY = scrollY;
            invalidateParentIfNeeded(); // 刷新界面
            onScrollChanged(mScrollX, mScrollY, oldX, oldY); // 发出滑动变化的通知
                 // 参数,滑动之前和滑动之后x,y的位置
            if (clampedY) {
                mScroller.springBack(mScrollX, mScrollY, 0, 0, 0, getScrollRange());
            }
        } else {
            super.scrollTo(scrollX, scrollY);
        }

        awakenScrollBars();
    }

View 的invalidateParentIfNeeded方法会调用invalidate方法来完成界面的刷新。并且调用view的onScrollChanged方法发送通知。

4 发送通知/onScrollChanged

首先看看view中的onScrollChanged方法,

protected void onScrollChanged(int l, int t, int oldl, int oldt) {
        notifySubtreeAccessibilityStateChangedIfNeeded();

        if (AccessibilityManager.getInstance(mContext).isEnabled()) {
            postSendViewScrolledAccessibilityEventCallback();
        }

        mBackgroundSizeChanged = true;
        if (mForegroundInfo != null) {
            mForegroundInfo.mBoundsChanged = true;
        }

        final AttachInfo ai = mAttachInfo;
        if (ai != null) {
            ai.mViewScrollChanged = true;
        }

        if (mListenerInfo != null && mListenerInfo.mOnScrollChangeListener != null) {
            mListenerInfo.mOnScrollChangeListener.onScrollChange(this, l, t, oldl, oldt);
        }
    }

说白了, onScrollChange方法是给开发者调用的,是一个回调方法。如何回调呢?

mListenerInfo是view的内部类ListenerInfo对象, mOnScrollChangeListener是ListenerInfo类的一个OnScrollChangeListener接口,定义如下,

public interface OnScrollChangeListener {
        /**
         * Called when the scroll position of a view changes.
         *
         * @param v The view whose scroll position has changed.
         * @param scrollX Current horizontal scroll origin.
         * @param scrollY Current vertical scroll origin.
         * @param oldScrollX Previous horizontal scroll origin.
         * @param oldScrollY Previous vertical scroll origin.
         */
        void onScrollChange(View v, int scrollX, int scrollY, int oldScrollX, int oldScrollY);
    }

一般只要继承ScrollView就可以实现onScrollChange来达到监听的目的。