android Camera API1+HAL1 StartPreview流程 & Android M

上一篇文章android Camera API1+HAL1 open camera流程 & Android M已经跟踪了open camera在framework层的整个流程，这篇文章主要分析StartPreview的流程。

很多博主分析camera流程的相关流程都是从java接口层一鼓作气分析到hal层，这样分析的好处是流程连贯。但整个分析流程则非常长，贴上代码的话，文章也变得异常的长，让人望而生畏，失去阅读的欲望。

对hal层的分析对于很多读者来说是不关心的，我打算将framework层和hal层的流程分开分析，framework层各芯片厂商都是一致的，分析的文章也更具普适性。目前分析流程的文章只针对framework层的代码，必要时捎带讲述下hal层的和framework层的接口部分。后续的文章会单独分析下TI 和高通hal层内部流程和架构。

闲言少叙，还是从官方示例开始分析，以下是一段官方示例

/** A basic Camera preview class */
public class CameraPreview extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback {
   
    private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
    private Camera mCamera;

    public CameraPreview(Context context, Camera camera) {
   
        super(context);
        mCamera = camera;

        // Install a SurfaceHolder.Callback so we get notified when the
        // underlying surface is created and destroyed.
        mHolder = getHolder();
        mHolder.addCallback(this);
        // deprecated setting, but required on Android versions prior to 3.0
        mHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);
    }
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
   
        // The Surface has been created, now tell the camera where to draw the preview.
        try {
   
            mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);
            mCamera.startPreview();
        } catch (IOException e) {
   
            Log.d(TAG, "Error setting camera preview: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
   
        // empty. Take care of releasing the Camera preview in your activity.
    }
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int w, int h) {
   
        // If your preview can change or rotate, take care of those events here.
        // Make sure to stop the preview before resizing or reformatting it.

        if (mHolder.getSurface() == null){
   
          // preview surface does not exist
          return;
        }
        // stop preview before making changes
        try {
   
            mCamera.stopPreview();
        } catch (Exception e){
   
          // ignore: tried to stop a non-existent preview
        }
        // set preview size and make any resize, rotate or
        // reformatting changes here

        // start preview with new settings
        try {
   
            mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(mHolder);
            mCamera.startPreview();
        } catch (Exception e){
   
            Log.d(TAG, "Error starting camera preview: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

打开camera后，我们需要预览画面，这就需要一个surface作为画布，将创建的surface传递到hal层，供hal往surface里填充数据，进而显示camera采集画面。

开始预览之前，需要先设置预览

0 setPreviewDisplay

• Camera.java

 public final void setPreviewDisplay(SurfaceHolder holder) throws IOException {
   
     if (holder != null) {
   
         setPreviewSurface(holder.getSurface());
     } else {
   
         setPreviewSurface((Surface)null);
     }
 }
 public native final void setPreviewSurface(Surface surface) throws IOException;

从SurfaceHolder中获取到一个surface，作为setPreviewSurface的参数传递下去，setPreviewSurface是一个native函数，直接调用到JNI层。

• android_hardware_Camera.cpp

{
    "setPreviewSurface",
  "(Landroid/view/Surface;)V",
  (void *)android_hardware_Camera_setPreviewSurface },
  
static void android_hardware_Camera_setPreviewSurface(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jobject jSurface)
{
   
    ALOGV("setPreviewSurface");
    sp<Camera> camera = get_native_camera(env, thiz,