C++链表简单功能实现

实现的是一个小型图书馆的程序，功能包括增加新书，以及读者借书和还书等。
代码如下：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <list>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;

class Patron;

class Book
{

public:
    Book(){patron = 0;}
    bool operator==(const Book &bk) const{
        return strcmp(title, bk.title) == 0;
    }
private:
    char *title;
    Patron *patron;
    ostream &printBook(ostream &) const;
    friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, const Book &bk){
        return bk.printBook(out);
    }
    friend class CheckOutBook;
    friend class Patron;
    friend void includeBook();  //友元函数
    friend void checkOutBook();
    friend void returnBook();
};
class Author
{
public:
    Author(){ }
    bool operator==(const Author & ar) const{
        return strcmp(name, ar.name) == 0;
    }
private:
    char *name;
    list<Book> books;
    ostream &printAuthor(ostream &) const;
    friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, const Author &ar){
        return ar.printAuthor(out);
    }
    friend void includeBook();
    friend void checkOutBook();
    friend void returnBook();
    friend class CheckOutBook;
    friend class Patron;

};
class CheckOutBook
{
public:
    //CheckOutBook(list<Author>::iterator ar = 0, list<Book>::iterator bk = 0){
    CheckOutBook(list<Author>::iterator ar, list<Book>::iterator bk){
        author = ar;
        book = bk;
    }
    bool operator==(const CheckOutBook &bk) const{
        return strcmp(author->name, bk.author->name) == 0 && strcmp(book->title, bk.book->title) == 0;
    }
private:
    list<Author>::iterator author;
    list<Book>::iterator book;
    friend void checkOutBook();
    friend void returnBook();
    friend class Patron;

};
class Patron
{
public:
    Patron(){ }
    bool operator==(const Patron &pn) const{
        return strcmp(name, pn.name) == 0;
    }
private:
    char *name;
    list<CheckOutBook> books;
    ostream &printPatron(ostream &) const;
    friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, const Patron &pn){
        return pn.printPatron(out);
    }
    friend void checkOutBook();
    friend void returnBook();
    friend class Book;

};

list<Author> catalog['Z' + 1];  //作家数组
list<Patron> people['Z' + 1];   //顾客数组

//三个成员函数
ostream &Author::printAuthor(ostream &out) const
{
    out << name << endl;
    list<Book>::const_iterator ref = books.begin();
    for( ; ref != books.end(); ref++){
        out << *ref;    
    }
    return out;
}

ostream &Book::printBook(ostream &out) const
{
    out << " * " << title;
    if(patron != 0)
        out << " - check out to "<< patron->name;
    out << endl;
    return out;
}

ostream &Patron::printPatron(ostream &out) const
{
    out <<name;
    if(!books.empty()){
        out << "has the following books:\n";
        list<CheckOutBook>::const_iterator bk = books.begin();
        for( ; bk != books.end(); bk++)
            out << " * " << bk->author->name << ", " << bk->book->title << endl;
    }
    else
        out << "has no books.\n";
    return out;
}

//三个被调用的函数
template <typename T> //重载<<的模板函数
ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, const list<T> &lst)
{   
    typename list<T>::const_iterator ref = lst.begin();
    for( ; ref != lst.end(); ref++)
        out << *ref;    
    return out;
}

char *getString(char *msg)
{
    char s[82], i, *destin;
    cout << msg;
    cin.get(s, 80);
    while(cin.get(s[81]) && s[81] != '\n');
    destin = new char[strlen(s) + 1];
    for(i = 0; destin[i] = toupper(s[i]); i++);
    return destin;
}

void status()
{
    int i;
    cout << "Library has the following books:\n\n";
    for(i = 'A'; i <= 'Z'; i++)
        if(!catalog[i].empty())
            cout << catalog[i];
    cout << "\nThe following people are sing the library:\n\n";
    for(i = 'A'; i <= 'Z'; i++)
        if(!people[i].empty())
            cout << people[i];
}

//友元函数

void includeBook()
{
    Author newAuthor;
    Book newBook;
    newAuthor.name = getString("Enter author's name: ");
    newBook.title = getString("Enter the title of the book: ");
    list<Author>::iterator oldAuthor = find(catalog[newAuthor.name[0]].begin(), catalog[newAuthor.name[0]].end(), newAuthor); //相应首字母对应的作者目录寻找姓名
    if(oldAuthor == catalog[newAuthor.name[0]].end()){  //没查到
        newAuthor.books.push_front(newBook);
        catalog[newAuthor.name[0]].push_front(newAuthor);
    }
    else
        (*oldAuthor).books.push_front(newBook);  //查到了
}

void checkOutBook()
{
    Patron patron;
    Author author;
    Book book;
    list<Author>::iterator authorRef;
    list<Book>::iterator bookRef;
    patron.name = getString("Enter the patron's name: ");
    while(true){
        author.name = getString("Enter the author's name: ");
        authorRef = find(catalog[author.name[0]].begin(), catalog[author.name[0]].end(), author);
        if(authorRef == catalog[author.name[0]].end())    //没找到
            cout << "Misspelled author's name\n";
        else
            break;
    }
    while(true){
        book.title = getString("Enter the title of the book: ");
        bookRef = find((*authorRef).books.begin(), 
        (*authorRef).books.end(), book);
        if(bookRef == (*authorRef).books.end())
            cout << "Misspelled title\n";
        else
            break;
    }
    list<Patron>::iterator patronRef;
    patronRef = find(people[patron.name[0]].begin(), people[patron.name[0]].end(), patron);
    CheckOutBook checkedOutBook(authorRef, bookRef);
    if(patronRef == people[patron.name[0]].end()){
        patron.books.push_front(checkedOutBook);
        people[patron.name[0]].push_front(patron);
        (*bookRef).patron = &*people[patron.name[0]].begin();
    }
    else{
        (*patronRef).books.push_front(checkedOutBook);
        (*bookRef).patron = &*patronRef;
    }
}
void returnBook()
{
    Patron patron;
    Author author;
    Book book;
    list<Author>::iterator authorRef;
    list<Book>::iterator bookRef;
    list<Patron>::iterator patronRef;
    while(true){
        patron.name = getString("Enter the patron's name: ");
        patronRef = find(people[patron.name[0]].begin(), people[patron.name[0]].end(), patron);
        if(patronRef == people[patron.name[0]].end())    //没找到
            cout << "Misspelled patron's name\n";
        else
            break;
    }
    while(true){
        author.name = getString("Enter the author's name: ");
        authorRef = find(catalog[author.name[0]].begin(), catalog[author.name[0]].end(), author);
        if(authorRef == catalog[author.name[0]].end())    //没找到
            cout << "Misspelled author's name\n";
        else
            break;
    }
    while(true){
        book.title = getString("Enter the title of the book: ");
        bookRef = find((*authorRef).books.begin(), (*authorRef).books.end(), book);
        if(bookRef == (*authorRef).books.end())
            cout << "Misspelled title\n";
        else
            break;
    }
    CheckOutBook checkOutBook(authorRef, bookRef);
    (*bookRef).patron = 0;
    (*patronRef).books.remove(checkOutBook);
}
int menu()
{
    int option;
    cout << "\nEnter one of the following option:\n"
         << "1.Include a book in the catalog.\n2.Check out a book.\n"
         << "3.Return a book.\n4.Status.\n5.Exit\n"
         << "Your option? ";
    cin >> option;
    cin.get();
    return option;
}
int main()
{
    while(true){
        switch(menu()){
            case 1: includeBook();  break;
            case 2: checkOutBook(); break;
            case 3: returnBook();   break;
            case 4: status();       break;
            case 5: return 0;
            default: cout << "wrong option, try again.\n";
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

有时间进行分析