vim配置vimrc详解 一、vim/gvim 环境变量 1. vimrc的存放位置: 系统 vimrc 文件: "$VIM/vimrc" 用户 vimrc 文件: "$HOME/.vimrc" 用户 exrc 文件: "$HOME/.exrc" 系统 gvimrc 文件: "$VIM/gvimrc" 用户 gvimrc 文件: "$HOME/.gvimrc" 系统菜单文件: "$VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim" $VIM 预设值: "/usr/share/vim" 2.windows下:(例如gvim 安装在D:/vim/) $VIMRUNTIME : d:/vim/vim73 $VIM : d:/vim/ 插件安装位置: 默认位置 : $VIMRUNTIME 自定义插件目录: $VIM/vimfiles (如果没有vimfiles就新建一个,建议将插件安装在这) 1). 上面插件安装管理目录还不是很清晰,可以用vim的vundle插件,每个插件会安装在各自的文件夹中,而不是像上面那样混合在一起,比如Tagbar插件就会在vundle文件夹下自动生成tagbar文件夹保存tagbar插件。同时vimrc文件要稍作修改可以自行baidu ,google很简单。 2). 如果要使用vundle更新插件,还要安装git (当然也可以手动更新直接下载覆盖到 vundle/ 下对应插件文件夹里) 二、 vimrc文件内容: "是否兼容VI,compatible为兼容,nocompatible为不完全兼容 "如果设置为compatible,则tab将不会变成空格 set nocompatible source $VIMRUNTIME/vimrc_example.vim source $VIMRUNTIME/mswin.vim "设置鼠标运行模式为WINDOWS模式 behave mswin " Multi-encoding setting, MUST BE IN THE BEGINNING OF .vimrc! " if has("multi_byte") " When 'fileencodings' starts with 'ucs-bom', don't do this manually "set bomb set fileencodings=ucs-bom,utf-8,chinese,taiwan,japan,korea,latin1 " CJK environment detection and corresponding setting if v:lang =~ "^zh_CN" " Simplified Chinese, on Unix euc-cn, on MS-Windows cp936 set encoding=chinese set termencoding=chinese if &fileencoding == '' set fileencoding=chinese endif elseif v:lang =~ "^zh_TW" " Traditional Chinese, on Unix euc-tw, on MS-Windows cp950 set encoding=taiwan set termencoding=taiwan if &fileencoding == '' set fileencoding=taiwan endif elseif v:lang =~ "^ja_JP" " Japanese, on Unix euc-jp, on MS-Windows cp932 set encoding=japan set termencoding=japan if &fileencoding == '' set fileencoding=japan endif elseif v:lang =~ "^ko" " Korean on Unix euc-kr, on MS-Windows cp949 set encoding=korea set termencoding=korea if &fileencoding == '' set fileencoding=korea endif endif " Detect UTF-8 locale, and override CJK setting if needed if v:lang =~ "utf8$" || v:lang =~ "UTF-8$" set encoding=utf-8 endif else echoerr 'Sorry, this version of (g)Vim was not compiled with "multi_byte"' endif "解决菜单乱码 set encoding=utf-8 "fileencodings需要注意顺序,前面的字符集应该比后面的字符集大 set fileencodings=ucs-bom,utf-8,cp936,gb18030,big5,euc-jp,euc-kr,latin1 set langmenu=zh_CN.utf-8 set imcmdline source $VIMRUNTIME/delmenu.vim source $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim "解决consle输出乱码 language messages zh_CN.utf-8 "自动检测文件类型并加载相应的设置,snipMate插件需要打开这个配置选项 filetype plugin indent on "语法高亮 syntax on "自动缩进 set autoindent "设置 Backspace 和 Delete 的灵活程度,backspace=2 则没有任何限制 "设置在哪些模式下使用鼠标功能,mouse=a 表示所有模式 set mouse=a set backspace=2 "不自动换行 set nowrap "设置超过100字符自动换行 "set textwidth=100 "设置超过100列的字符带下划线 "au BufWinEnter * let w:m2=matchadd('Underlined', '\%>100v.\+', -1) "syn match out80 /\%80v./ containedin=ALL "hi out80 guifg=white guibg=red "智能对齐方式 set smartindent "一个tab是4个字符 set tabstop=4 "按一次tab前进4个字符 set softtabstop=4 "用空格代替tab set expandtab "设置自动缩进 set ai! "缩进的字符个数 set cindent shiftwidth=4 "set autoindent shiftwidth=2 "设置折叠模式 set foldcolumn=4 "光标遇到折叠,折叠就打开 "set foldopen=all "移开折叠时自动关闭折叠 "set foldclose=all "zf zo zc zd zr zm zR zM zn zi zN "依缩进折叠 " manual 手工定义折叠 " indent 更多的缩进表示更高级别的折叠 " expr 用表达式来定义折叠 " syntax 用语法高亮来定义折叠 " diff 对没有更改的文本进行折叠 " marker 对文中的标志折叠 set foldmethod=syntax "启动时不要自动折叠代码 set foldlevel=100 "依标记折叠 set foldmethod=marker "显示行号 set number "打开光标的行列位置显示功能 set ruler "显示中文引号 set ambiwidth=double "行高亮 set cursorline "列高亮,与函数列表有冲突 set cursorcolumn "设置命令行的高度 set cmdheight=2 "高亮搜索的关键字 set hlsearch "搜索忽略大小写 set ignorecase "设置命令历史行数 set history=100 "启动的时候不显示那个援助索马里儿童的提示 "set shortmess=atI "不要闪烁 "set novisualbell "显示TAB健 set list set listchars=tab:>-,trail:- "高亮字符,让其不受100列限制 ":highlight OverLength ctermbg=red ctermfg=white guibg=grey guifg=white ":match OverLength '\%101v.*' "设置VIM状态栏 set laststatus=2 "显示状态栏(默认值为1, 无法显示状态栏) set statusline= set statusline+=%2*%-3.3n%0*\ " buffer number set statusline+=%f\ " file name set statusline+=%h%1*%m%r%w%0* " flag set statusline+=[ if v:version >= 600 set statusline+=%{strlen(&ft)?&ft:'none'}, " filetype set statusline+=%{&fileencoding}, " encoding endif set statusline+=%{&fileformat}] " file format set statusline+=%= " right align "set statusline+=%2*0x%-8B\ " current char set statusline+=0x%-8B\ " current char set statusline+=%-14.(%l,%c%V%)\ %<%P " offset if filereadable(expand("$VIM/vimfiles/plugin/vimbuddy.vim")) set statusline+=\ %{VimBuddy()} " vim buddy endif "状态行颜色 "highlight StatusLine guifg=SlateBlue guibg=Yellow "highlight StatusLineNC guifg=Gray guibg=White "设置路径,多个路径用逗号分隔 set path=.,"E:/Web/htdocs",, "去掉有关vi一致性模式,避免以前版本的一些bug和局限 set nocp "增强模式中的命令行自动完成操作 set wildmenu "执行 Vim 缺省提供的 .vimrc 文件的示例,包含了打开语法加亮显示等最常用的功能 source $VIMRUNTIME/vimrc_example.vim "缺省不产生备份文件 set nobackup "在输入括号时光标会短暂地跳到与之相匹配的括号处,不影响输入 set showmatch "正确地处理中文字符的折行和拼接 set formatoptions+=mM "设定文件浏览器目录为当前目录 set bsdir=buffer "自动切换当前目录为当前文件所在的目录 set autochdir "自动重新加载外部修改内容 "set autoread "使PHP识别EOT字符串 hi link phpheredoc string "允许在有未保存的修改时切换缓冲区 set hidden "选中一段文字并全文搜索这段文字 vmap <silent> ,/ y/<C-R>=escape(@", '\\/.*$^~[]')<CR><CR> vmap <silent> ,? y?<C-R>=escape(@", '\\/.*$^~[]')<CR><CR> "进入当前编辑的文件的目录 autocmd BufEnter * exec "cd %:p:h" "保存文件的格式顺序 set fileformats=dos,unix "配色(更多的配色见colors目录和http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~maverick/VimColorSchemeTest/index-c.html) "colorscheme peacock_light colorscheme peacock_desert "设置字体 if has("gui") if has("win32") "启动时会弹出字体选择框,如果取消,则采用系统默认字体 "set guifont=* "Windows默认使用的字体,字体较粗 "set guifont=Fixedsys "中文显示变形,字体较粗 "set guifont=Monospace:h9 "中文显示变形,字体较细 "set guifont=Consolas:h9 "中文显示变形,字体较细 "set guifont=Lucida\ Console:h9 "中文显示变形,字体较细 set guifont=Monaco:h9 "中文显示变形,字体较细 "set guifont=Andale\ Mono:h10 "中文显示变形,字体较细 "set guifont=Bitstream\ Vera\ Sans\ Mono:h9 "需要运行修改版的gvim才能识别 "set guifont=YaHei\ Consolas\ Hybrid:h9 "如果guifontwide采用中文字体,汉字将自动使用guifontwide,英文自动使用guifont set guifontwide=YaHei\ Consolas\ Hybrid:h9 else set guifont=SimSun:h10 endif "set columns=128 lines=36 endif "启动后最大化 au GUIEnter * simalt ~x "置粘贴模式,这样粘贴过来的程序代码就不会错位了。 "set paste "设置帮助信息 set helplang=cn "自动保存session和viminfo "缺省的sessionoptions选项包括:blank,buffers,curdir,folds,help,options,tabpages,winsize "也就是会话文件会恢复当前编辑环境的空窗口、所有的缓冲区、当前目录、折叠(fold)相关的信息、帮助窗口、所有的选项和映射、所有的标签页(tab)、窗口大小 "set sessionoptions-=curdir "au VimLeave * mksession! $VIMRUNTIME/Session.vim "au VimLeave * wviminfo! $VIMRUNTIME/_viminfo "source $VIMRUNTIME/Session.vim "rviminfo $VIMRUNTIME/_viminfo "记录上次关闭的文件及状态 set viminfo='10,\"100,:20,%,n$VIMRUNTIME/_viminfo au BufReadPost * if line("'\"") > 0|if line("'\"") <= line("$")|exe("norm '\"")|else|exe "norm $"|endif|endif "设置插件SuperTab "设置按下<Tab>后默认的补全方式, 默认是<C-P>, "现在改为<C-X><C-O>. 关于<C-P>的补全方式, "还有其他的补全方式, 可以看看下面的一些帮助: ":help ins-completion ":help compl-omni let g:SuperTabRetainCompletionType=2 "0 - 不记录上次的补全方式 "1 - 记住上次的补全方式,直到用其他的补全命令改变它 "2 - 记住上次的补全方式,直到按ESC退出插入模式为止 let g:SuperTabDefaultCompletionType="<C-X><C-O>" set diffexpr=MyDiff() function! MyDiff() let opt = '-a --binary ' if &diffopt =~ 'icase' | let opt = opt . '-i ' | endif if &diffopt =~ 'iwhite' | let opt = opt . '-b ' | endif let arg1 = v:fname_in if arg1 =~ ' ' | let arg1 = '"' . arg1 . '"' | endif let arg2 = v:fname_new if arg2 =~ ' ' | let arg2 = '"' . arg2 . '"' | endif let arg3 = v:fname_out if arg3 =~ ' ' | let arg3 = '"' . arg3 . '"' | endif let eq = '' if $VIMRUNTIME =~ ' ' if &sh =~ '\<cmd' let cmd = '""' . $VIMRUNTIME . '\diff"' let eq = '"' else let cmd = substitute($VIMRUNTIME, ' ', '" ', '') . '\diff"' endif else let cmd = $VIMRUNTIME . '\diff' endif silent execute '!' . cmd . ' ' . opt . arg1 . ' ' . arg2 . ' > ' . arg3 . eq endfunction "phpDocumentor "this includes the script and maps the combination <ctrl> + p "to the doc functions. source $VIM\vimfiles\plugin\php-doc.vim imap <A-/> <ESC>:call PhpDocSingle()<CR>i nmap <A-/> :call PhpDocSingle()<CR> vmap <A-/> :call PhpDocRange()<CR> "You can obtain the completion dictionary file from: "http://cvs.php.net/viewvc.cgi/phpdoc/funclist.txt set dictionary+=$VIM\vimfiles\syntax\function.txt "Use the dictionary completion set complete-=k complete+=k "Alt + -> 打开下一个文件 map <M-right> <ESC>:bn<RETURN> "Alt + <- 打开上一个文件 map <M-left> <ESC>:bp<RETURN> "使用TAB键自动完成 "This function determines, wether we are on "the start of the line text(then tab indents) "or if we want to try auto completion function! InsertTabWrapper() let col=col('.')-1 if !col || getline('.')[col-1] !~ '\k' return "\<TAB>" else return "\<C-N>" endif endfunction "使用SuperTab之后,就可以关闭该设置了 "inoremap <TAB> <C-R>=InsertTabWrapper()<CR> "平台判断 function! GetSystem() if (has("win32") || has("win95") || has("win64") || has("win16")) return "windows" elseif has("unix") return "linux" elseif has("mac") return "mac" endif endfunction "取得光标处的匹配 function! GetPatternAtCursor(pat) let col = col('.') - 1 let line = getline('.') let ebeg = -1 let cont = match(line, a:pat, 0) while (ebeg >= 0 || (0 <= cont) && (cont <= col)) let contn = matchend(line, a:pat, cont) if (cont <= col) && (col < contn) let ebeg = match(line, a:pat, cont) let elen = contn - ebeg break else let cont = match(line, a:pat, contn) endif endwh if ebeg >= 0 return strpart(line, ebeg, elen) else return "" endif endfunction "打开链接 function! OpenUrl() let s:url = GetPatternAtCursor('\v(https?://|ftp://|file:/{3}|www\.)((\w|-)+\.)+(\w|-)+(:\d+)?(/(\w|[~@#$%^&+=/.?-])+)?') "echo s:url if s:url == "" echohl WarningMsg echomsg '在光标处未发现URL!' echohl None else if GetSystem() == "windows" call system("explorer " . s:url) else call system("firefox " . s:url . " &") endif endif unlet s:url endfunction nmap <C-LeftMouse> :call OpenUrl()<CR> "放大字体 function <SID>FontSize_Enlarge() if GetSystem() == "linux" let pattern = '\<\d\+$' elseif GetSystem() == "windows" let pattern = ':h\zs\d\+\ze:' endif let fontsize = matchstr(&gfn, pattern) let cmd = substitute(&gfn, pattern, string(fontsize + 1), 'g') let &gfn=cmd let fontsize = matchstr(&gfw, pattern) let cmd = substitute(&gfw, pattern, string(fontsize + 1), 'g') let &gfw=cmd endfunction nnoremap <A-+> :call <SID>FontSize_Enlarge()<CR> "缩小字体 function <SID>FontSize_Reduce() if GetSystem() == "linux" let pattern = '\<\d\+$' elseif GetSystem() == "windows" let pattern = ':h\zs\d\+\ze:' endif let fontsize = matchstr(&gfn, pattern) let cmd = substitute(&gfn, pattern, string(fontsize - 1), 'g') let &gfn=cmd let fontsize = matchstr(&gfw, pattern) let cmd = substitute(&gfw, pattern, string(fontsize - 1), 'g') let &gfw=cmd endfunction nnoremap <A--> :call <SID>FontSize_Reduce()<CR> "html自动输入匹配标签,输入>之后自动完成匹配标签 au FileType xhtml,xml so ~/.vim/ftplugin/html_autoclosetag.vim "能够漂亮的显示.NFO文件 function! SetFileEncodings(encodings) let b:myfileencodingsbak=&fileencodings let &fileencodings=a:encodings endfunction function! RestoreFileEncodings() let &fileencodings=b:myfileencodingsbak unlet b:myfileencodingsbak endfunction au BufReadPre *.nfo call SetFileEncodings('cp437')|set ambiwidth=single au BufReadPost *.nfo call RestoreFileEncodings() """""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " 设置lookupfile插件 """""""""""""""""""""""""""""" let g:LookupFile_MinPatLength = 2 "最少输入2个字符才开始查找 let g:LookupFile_PreserveLastPattern = 0 "不保存上次查找的字符串 let g:LookupFile_PreservePatternHistory = 1 "保存查找历史 let g:LookupFile_AlwaysAcceptFirst = 1 "回车打开第一个匹配项目 let g:LookupFile_AllowNewFiles = 0 "不允许创建不存在的文件 if filereadable("./filenametags") "设置tag文件的名字 let g:LookupFile_TagExpr = '"./filenametags"' endif "映射LookupFile为,lf nmap <silent> ,lf <Plug>LookupFile<CR> "映射LUBufs为,lb nmap <silent> ,lb :LUBufs<CR> "映射LUWalk为,lw nmap <silent> ,lw :LUWalk<CR> "映射LUPath为,lp nmap <silent> ,lp :LUPath<CR> "F2处理行尾的空格以及文件尾部的多余空行 "Automatically remove trailing spaces when saving a file. autocmd BufRead,BufWrite * if ! &bin | silent! %s/\s\+$//ge | endif "Remove indenting on empty line map <F2> :w<CR>:call CleanupBuffer(1)<CR>:noh<CR> function! CleanupBuffer(keep) " Skip binary files if (&bin > 0) return endif " Remove spaces and tabs from end of every line, if possible silent! %s/\s\+$//ge " Save current line number let lnum = line(".") " number of last line let lastline = line("$") let n = lastline " while loop while (1) " content of last line let line = getline(n) " remove spaces and tab if (!empty(line)) break endif let n = n - 1 endwhile " Delete all empty lines at the end of file let start = n+1+a:keep if (start < lastline) execute n+1+a:keep . "," . lastline . "d" endif " after clean spaces and tabs, jump back exec "normal " . lnum . "G" endfunction "快速查找(插件grep插件,需要grep软件) "nnoremap <silent> <F3> :Grep<CR> "给n映射一个快捷键,习惯上喜欢用F3 nmap <F3> n "给n映射一个快捷键,习惯上喜欢用F3 nmap <S-F3> N "PHP语法检查 "map <F4> :!E:/Web/Server/PHP/php.exe -l %<CR> function! CheckPHPSyntax() setlocal makeprg=E:/Web/Server/PHP/php.exe\ -l\ -n\ -d\ html_errors=off setlocal shellpipe=> " Use error format for parsing PHP error output setlocal errorformat=%m\ in\ %f\ on\ line\ %l make % endfunction " Perform :PHP_CheckSyntax() map <F4> :call CheckPHPSyntax()<CR> "PHP代码美化 "map <C-A-F4> :!ZendCodeAnalyzer.exe %<CR> "PHP代码通过Zend加密 function! ZendEncodePHP() let currentfile=fnamemodify(bufname("%"), ":p") let newfile=fnamemodify(bufname("%"), ":p:h") . "\\" . fnamemodify(bufname("%"), ":t:r") . ".zend." . fnamemodify(bufname("%"), ":e") execute "!\"E:\\Web\\Tools\\ZendGuard\\bin\\zendenc.exe\"" . ' ' . currentfile . ' ' . newfile endfunction map <C-F4> :call ZendEncodePHP()<CR> "使用IE预览网页 function! BrowseWebPage() let filepath=substitute(getcwd()."\\".bufname("%"), 'E:\\Web\\htdocs\\', "http://localhost/", "g") let filepath=substitute(filepath,"\\","\/","g") silent execute "!\"explorer\""." ".filepath endfunction map <S-F4> :call BrowseWebPage()<CR> "F6打开或关闭nerd_tree和taglist "由于nerd_tree和taglist采用了trinity插件打开 "所以具体的设置以trinity.vim为准 nmap <F6> :TrinityToggleTagListAndNERDTree<CR> "F7单独切换打开nerd_tree(nerd_tree插件) let g:NERDChristmasTree = 1 "色彩显示 let g:NERDTreeShowHidden = 1 "显示隐藏文件 let g:NERDTreeWinPos = 'left' "窗口显示位置 let g:NERDTreeHighlightCursorline = 0 "高亮当前行 nmap <F7> :TrinityToggleNERDTree<CR> "netrw设置(自带目录树插件) let g:netrw_winsize=30 let g:netrw_liststyle=1 let g:netrw_timefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' nmap <silent> <C-F7> :Sexplore!<cr> "Ctrl + F7打开project插件 nmap <silent> <A-F7> :Project<CR> "F8单独切换打开taglist(taglist插件) if GetSystem() == "windows" "设定Windows系统中ctags程序的位置 let g:Tlist_Ctags_Cmd = $VIMRUNTIME.'\ctags' else let g:Tlist_Ctags_Cmd = '/usr/bin/ctags' endif "let g:Tlist_Sort_Type = 'name' "以名称顺序排序,默认以位置顺序(order) let g:Tlist_Show_One_File = 1 "不同时显示多个文件的tag,只显示当前文件的 let g:Tlist_Exit_OnlyWindow = 1 "如果taglist窗口是最后一个窗口,则退出vim lef g:Tlist_File_Fold_Auto_Close = 1 "当光标不在编辑文件里面的时候全部折叠 let g:Tlist_Use_Right_Window = 1 "在右侧窗口中显示taglist窗口 let g:Tlist_Enable_Fold_Column = 1 "显示折叠边栏 nmap <F8> :TrinityToggleTagList<CR> "F11查看打开的文件列表(bufexplorer插件) let g:bufExplorerDefaultHelp = 1 let g:bufExplorerDetailedHelp = 0 nmap <F11> :BufExplorer <CR> "F12生成/更新tags文件 set tags=tags; set autochdir function! UpdateTagsFile() silent !ctags -R --fields=+ianS --extra=+q endfunction nmap <F12> :call UpdateTagsFile()<CR> "Ctrl + F12删除tags文件 function! DeleteTagsFile() "Linux下的删除方法 "silent !rm tags "Windows下的删除方法 silent !del /F /Q tags endfunction nmap <C-F12> :call DeleteTagsFile()<CR> "退出VIM之前删除tags文件 "au VimLeavePre * call DeleteTagsFile() 转载地址:http://xiaozhuge0825.blog.163.com/blog/static/5760606820101127105848596/