RESTful简介:
(详情参考:)
http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=1FMTyxYwnN5OED7oXwbLBI1z35JCuE1bfIamqJMrbBUeNDPmQ6U3t-gx9tGHC170A0akfPhhzfBNWF0BwHj-xq
http://developer.51cto.com/art/200908/141825.htm
https://www.zhihu.com/question/28557115
http://blog.csdn.net/aooppo/article/details/8686595
…
个人理解:
在同一个路径下,不同的协议请求(Get、Post、Put、Delete、Patch、Head、Option s、Trace)实现不同的功能。
一、环境配置
①、开发前的基础配置:配置好相应的Spring MVC、JSON和Restful需要的依赖程序包。
②、Tomcat9.0服务器配置
③、在项目配置web.xml
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<!-- 路径是 '/' 斜杠 -->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
④、建立一个测试类TextRestful .java,测试环境是否可用
@Controller
public class TextRestful {
@RequestMapping(value="/restful",produces="text/plain;charset=UTF-8")
public @ResponseBody String info() {
return "Hello World!";
}
}
浏览器输入路径:http://localhost/XXXX(项目名称) / restful(方法路径)
页面显示:Hello World!则代表环境搭建完成。
⑤准备要测试的Vo类
public class Emp implements Serializable {
private Integer empno;
private String ename;
private double sal;
private Date hiredate;
//此处省略setter()、getter()和toString()方法
}
⑥准备好测试的test.JSP页面
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
// request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8") ;
%>
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/restful.js"></script>
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" id="addBut" name="addBut" value="增加"><br>
<input type="button" id="editBut" name="editBut" value="更新"><br>
<input type="button" id="deleteBut" name="deleteBut" value="删除"><br>
<input type="button" id="getBut" name="getBut" value="查询"><br>
<input type="button" id="listBut" name="listBut" value="分页显示"><br>
<div id="showDiv"></div>
</body>
</html>
二、Restful风格实现CRUD
1、POST请求实现数据增加:
①、在TextRestful.java中增加:
@RequestMapping(value="/restful",method=RequestMethod.POST,produces="application/json;charset=UTF-8")
public @ResponseBody Object add(Emp vo){
log.info("数据增加成功:"+vo);
JSONObject js = new JSONObject();
js.put("flag", true);
return js;
}
②、在restful.js中增加:
$(addBut).on("click",function(){
$.ajax({
url: "restful",
type : "post",
data : {
empno : 110,
ename : "RESTful",
sal : 1.1,
hiredate : "1111-11-11"
},
success : function(data){
$(showDiv).append("<p> 数据增加成功:"+data.flag+"</p>");
},
dataType : "json",
error : function(data){
$(showDiv).append("<p>出错了</p>");
}
})
});
2、PUT请求实现数据更新
①、在TextRestful.java中增加:
@RequestMapping(value="/restful",method=RequestMethod.PUT,produces="application/json;charset=UTF-8")
public @ResponseBody Object edit(Emp vo){
log.info("数据更新成功:"+vo);
JSONObject js = new JSONObject();
js.put("flag", true);
return js;
}
②、在restful.js中增加:
$(editBut).on("click",function(){
$.ajax({
url: "restful",
type : "post",
data : {
_method : "put",
empno : 110,
ename : "RESTful",
sal : 1.1,
hiredate : "1111-11-11"
},
success : function(data){
$(showDiv).append("<p> 数据更新成功:"+data.flag+"</p>");
},
dataType : "json",
error : function(data){
$(showDiv).append("<p>出错了</p>");
}
})
});
3、DELETE请求实现数据删除
①、在TextRestful.java中增加:
@RequestMapping(value="/restful",method=RequestMethod.DELETE,produces="application/json;charset=UTF-8")
public @ResponseBody Object remove(int mid){
log.info("要删除的是:"+mid);
JSONObject js = new JSONObject();
js.put("flag", true);
return js;
}
②、在restful.js中增加:
$(deleteBut).on("click",function(){
$.ajax({
url: "restful",
method : "post" ,
data : {
_method : "delete",
mid : 1
},
dataType : "json",
success : function(data){
$(showDiv).append("<p> 数据删除成功:"+data.flag+"</p>");
},
error : function(data){
$(showDiv).append("<p>出错了</p>");
}
})
});
4、GET请求实现数据查询
①、在TextRestful.java中增加:
@RequestMapping(value="/restful/{mid:\\d+}",method=RequestMethod.GET,produces="application/json;charset=UTF-8")
public @ResponseBody Object get(@PathVariable("mid") int mid){
log.info("要查看的是:"+mid);
Emp vo = new Emp();
vo.setEmpno(mid);
vo.setEname("SMITH");
vo.setSal(1.1);
vo.setHiredate(new Date());
JSONObject js = new JSONObject();
js.put("emp", vo);
return js;
}
②、在restful.js中增加:
$(getBut).on("click",function(){
$.ajax({
url: "restful/1",
method : "get" ,
data : {
},
dataType : "json",
success : function(data){
$(showDiv).append("<p> 编号:"+data.allMembers.empno+",名称:"+data.allMembers.ename+",工资"+
data.allMembers.sal+",日期:"+data.emp.hiredate+"</p>");
console.log(1);
},
error : function(data){
$(showDiv).append("<p>出错了</p>");
}
})
});
5、PATCH请求实现数据分页
①、在TextRestful.java中增加:
@RequestMapping(value="/restful/{condition}",method=RequestMethod.PATCH,produces="application/json;charset=UTF-8")
public @ResponseBody Object list(@PathVariable("condition") String param){
log.info("查看的是:"+param);
int currentPage = 4;
int lineSize = 5;
List<Emp> all = new ArrayList<Emp>() ;
for (int x = ((currentPage-1)*lineSize);x< currentPage *lineSize; x ++) {
Emp vo = new Emp() ;
vo.setEmpno(x);
vo.setEname("姓名 - " + x);
vo.setSal(10000.0 + x);
vo.setHiredate(new Date());
all.add(vo) ;
}
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
map.put("allEmps", all);
return map;
}
②、在restful.js中增加:
$(listBut).on("click",function(){
$.ajax({
url: "restful/1",
method : "PATCH" ,
dataType : "json",
success : function(data){
for(var t=0;t<data.allEmps.length;t++){
$(showDiv).append("<p> 编号:"+data.allEmps[t].empno+",名称:"+data.allEmps[t].ename+",工资"+
data.allEmps[t].sal+",日期:"+data.allEmps[x].hiredate+"</p>");
}
},
error : function(data){
$(showDiv).append("<p>出错了</p>");
}
})
});