JAVA多线程—可阻塞的队列类的介绍

以下是基于典型的生产者-使用者场景的一个用例。注意，BlockingQueue 可以安全地与多个生产者和多个使用者一起使用。

import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;

public class BlockingQueueTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BlockingQueue q = new SomeQueueImplementation();
        Producer p = new Producer(q);
        Consumer c1 = new Consumer(q);
        Consumer c2 = new Consumer(q);
        new Thread(p).start();
        new Thread(c1).start();
        new Thread(c2).start();
    }

    class Producer implements Runnable {
        private final BlockingQueue queue;

        Producer(BlockingQueue q) {
            queue = q;
        }

        public void run() {
         try {
           while(true) { queue.put(produce()); }
         } catch (InterruptedException ex) { ... handle ...}
       }

        Object produce() { ... }
    }

    class Consumer implements Runnable {
        private final BlockingQueue queue;

        Consumer(BlockingQueue q) {
            queue = q;
        }

        public void run() {
         try {
           while(true) { consume(queue.take()); }
         } catch (InterruptedException ex) { ... handle ...}
       }

        void consume(Object x) { ... }
    }
}

以ArrayBlockingQueue类为例进行演示

import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;

public class BlockingQueueTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        final BlockingQueue queue = new ArrayBlockingQueue(3);
        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
            new Thread() {
                public void run() {
                    while (true) {
                        try {
                            Thread.sleep((long) (Math.random() * 1000));
                            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "准备放数据!");
                            queue.put(1);
                            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "已经放了数据，" + "队列目前有" + queue.size() + "个数据");
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                }

            }.start();
        }

        new Thread() {
            public void run() {
                while (true) {
                    try {
                        // 将此处的睡眠时间分别改为100和1000，观察运行结果
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "准备取数据!");
                        queue.take();
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "已经取走数据，" + "队列目前有" + queue.size() + "个数据");
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }

        }.start();
    }
}

运行结果：