SpringSecurity自定义多Provider时提示No AuthenticationProvider found for问题的解决方案与原理（二）

上篇文章大概说了问题的起因，这篇开始将逐步分析问题的根本原因。

AuthenticationManager

先看一下完整的报错信息说了什么

2022-08-29 08:54:09.060 ERROR 8400 [http-nio-8080-exec-1] com.xx.sk.controller.LoginController.login(LoginController.java:57) : 用户 ceshi20220813 登录失败: No AuthenticationProvider found for com.xx.sk.conf.security.authentication.PasswordAuthenticationToken
org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderNotFoundException: No AuthenticationProvider found for com.xx.sk.conf.security.authentication.PasswordAuthenticationToken
	at org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager.authenticate(ProviderManager.java:234) ~[spring-security-core-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at com.xx.sk.service.login.impl.LoginServiceImpl.login(LoginServiceImpl.java:56) ~[classes/:?]
	at com.xx.sk.controller.LoginController.login(LoginController.java:47) ~[classes/:?]
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[?:1.8.0_311]
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[?:1.8.0_311]
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[?:1.8.0_311]
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[?:1.8.0_311]
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:205) ~[spring-web-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:150) ~[spring-web-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:117) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:895) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:808) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1067) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:963) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1006) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:909) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:681) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:4.0.FR]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:883) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:764) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:4.0.FR]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:227) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53) ~[tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:111) ~[spring-web-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:327) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.AuthorizationFilter.doFilterInternal(AuthorizationFilter.java:58) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117) ~[spring-web-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:336) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter.doFilter(ExceptionTranslationFilter.java:122) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter.doFilter(ExceptionTranslationFilter.java:116) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:336) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.session.SessionManagementFilter.doFilter(SessionManagementFilter.java:126) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.session.SessionManagementFilter.doFilter(SessionManagementFilter.java:81) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:336) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.doFilter(AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.java:109) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:336) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.servletapi.SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.java:149) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:336) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.savedrequest.RequestCacheAwareFilter.doFilter(RequestCacheAwareFilter.java:63) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:336) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at com.xx.sk.conf.security.filter.AuthenticationTokenFilter.doFilterInternal(AuthenticationTokenFilter.java:47) ~[classes/:?]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117) ~[spring-web-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:336) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter(LogoutFilter.java:103) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter(LogoutFilter.java:89) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:336) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter.doHeadersAfter(HeaderWriterFilter.java:90) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter.doFilterInternal(HeaderWriterFilter.java:75) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117) ~[spring-web-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:336) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.java:110) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.java:80) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:336) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.doFilterInternal(WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.java:55) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117) ~[spring-web-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:336) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilterInternal(FilterChainProxy.java:211) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:183) ~[spring-security-web-5.6.6.jar:5.6.6]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:354) ~[spring-web-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:267) ~[spring-web-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100) ~[spring-web-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117) ~[spring-web-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93) ~[spring-web-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117) ~[spring-web-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201) ~[spring-web-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117) ~[spring-web-5.3.21.jar:5.3.21]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:197) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:97) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:541) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:135) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:78) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:360) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:399) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:890) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1787) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1191) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:659) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.64.jar:9.0.64]
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748) ~[?:1.8.0_311]

错误日志的前四行就可以把问题定位到了，就是在我们执行登录业务中调用AuthenticationManager进行授权认证的这一行

这里打个断点看一下

AuthenticationManager这个对象中有一个providers属性，里面维护了全部的providers列表，这里问题很明显，并没有我们自定义的两个处理器，而是只有一个系统默认的DaoAuthenticationProvider，这就很奇怪了，明明在配置类中已经把他们维护进去了，为什么没有注册上？

AuthenticationManager在这里是个Bean，但它本身并不是，而是我手动构造进来的，回来看一下构造的地方是不是有什么问题。

这段代码是从网上抄来的，因为很多文章都在讲需要这样注入。看起来也没什么问题，容器给提供了一个AuthenticationConfiguration，看起来似乎是个构造器，然后从中取到了AuthenticationManager实例，点进去也看不出个所以然，遇事先百度看看。

---

AuthenticationManager的全局对象与本地对象

在筛选掉大量无用文章后，还真发现了一个和我问题几乎是一模一样的文章，在此附上链接：
Spring Security 实战干货：AuthenticationManager的初始化细节
（多说一句，此作者的SpringSecurity专栏有大量的文章，讲解比较深入，不少文章给与了我非常大的启发，非常感谢此位作者）

其中第三节提供了一种解决办法，但是一开始说了，我并不是使用WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter作为配置基类的，所以这个继承的方法并不存在，虽然经我验证过确实可行（怎么验证的？改回使用WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter），但并没有完全解决我的问题。现在开始怀疑怀疑SpringSecurity的这两种配置方式是不是有什么区别，搜索重点转向SpringSecurity 5.7版本的配置变化（因为从5.7开始废弃了WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter）。

果然，在刚才那位作者的专栏中发现了一篇文章正好是我想要的，附上链接：
Spring Security 实战干货：WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter即将被移除
文章中这样一句话惊到了我:

AuthenticationManager配置主要分为全局的（Global ）、本地的（Local）。

什么是全局的？本地又是什么？从来没有听过这两个词啊，接下来搜索重点就转向AuthenticationManager，重点查找全局与本地这两个关键字。搜索半天无果（搜索的过程又是一把心酸泪），还是在Spring的官方doc中发现了端倪，附上文档链接：
SpringSecurity-ProviderManager

---

ProviderManager

这里必须要讲一下AuthenticationManager和ProviderManager详细运行过程了，这里强烈推荐去阅读官方文档，尤其是提到的这一篇，全文都是重点，逐字逐句，中英对照的去看，收获非常多。捡官方的几张图简明扼要的说一下。

1. ProviderManager是AuthenticationManager的默认实现，ProviderManager中会维护一个ProviderList，根据传入的Token类型进行逐级验证，直至走完整个链条。

2. ProviderManager存在一个父级，在没有合适的Provider可以做验证的情况下会寻找父级AuthenticationManager实例，通常也是一个ProviderManager，去进行验证。 如果还是没有找到则会产生一个No Provider异常。

3. 系统中允许存在多个ProviderManager，多个实例可以共享同一个AuthenticationManager父级，这意味着，系统中可以存在多个Security认证链。

看到这，突然有了一个想法，会不会，有一种可能，我配置出来的AuthenticationManager是那个父级？

再打个断点验证一下吧，回到刚才的那张图中，看下面的parent，值是什么？null

这样一来基本可以断定了，我拿到的这个AuthenticationManager，是个最顶层的父级，而在代码中配置进去的那两个认证处理器实际上是给了Local的AuthenticationManager。问题是，我怎么才能拿到这个局部对象呢？

---

@EnableWebSecurity

现在已知信息有下面几点：

1. ProviderManager这个东西的实例在系统中会存在两份，一份为全局，一份为局部。当然如果你配置多个拦截器链的话局部实例也会有多份；
2. 经过测试（断点打在build()方法前一行即可），在SecurityFilterChain构造的过程中自定义的authenticationProvider其实是注册成功的，并且它们只存在于Local ProviderManager；
3. 全局的ProviderManager中只会存在一个默认的DaoAuthenticationProvider；
4. 网上包括各个开源项目中，通过authenticationConfiguration.getAuthenticationManager()方法获得的ProviderManager对象一定是全局对象，不管是从spring官方文档中还是在javadoc中都提到了这一点。

已经搜不到任何有价值的文档了，该如何下手呢？只能硬着头皮啃源码了，那从哪里开始啃呢，就从全局的ProviderManager怎么出现的开始吧。

回到配置类，翻了一圈，@EnableWebSecurity这个注解比较可以，打开看看。里面有一个@EnableGlobalAuthentication，继续打开看。

The EnableGlobalAuthentication annotation signals that the annotated class can be used to configure a global instance of AuthenticationManagerBuilder. For example:

明确提到了这里在创建一个全局AuthenticationManagerBuilder，他必然和全局的ProviderManager有关联，看到那个@Import(AuthenticationConfiguration.class)了吗，继续点进去。

打眼一看，四个内部类，还有一堆的get、build、initialize字样的方法，感觉这里面大有乾坤，这里面内容太多太烧脑，放下一篇讲吧。