使用hibernate对mysql进行一对多的级联增删查改操作:
一方为产品的分类(Category.java),多方为具体的产品(Product.java)
JavaBean(一方):
package com.yi.entity;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
/*
* 一方
*/
public class Category {
private Integer id;
private String name;
//关联产品
private Set<Product> products = new HashSet<Product>();
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Set<Product> getProducts() {
return products;
}
public void setProducts(Set<Product> products) {
this.products = products;
}
}
javabean(多方):
package com.yi.entity;
/*
* 多方
*/
public class Product {
private Integer id;
private String name;
//关联产品类型
private Category category = new Category();
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Category getCategory() {
return category;
}
public void setCategory(Category category) {
this.category = category;
}
}
一方配置文件(Category.hbm.xml):
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<!-- Class映射类 -->
<class name="com.yi.entity.Category" table="t_category">
<!-- 主键映射(重要) -->
<id name="id">
<!-- 策略 Native为id自增长 -->
<generator class="native"></generator>
</id>
<!-- 普通属性 -->
<property name="name"></property>
<!-- 一方配置,映射外键 -->
<!--
cascade: 级联操作。 一方的操作,同时也影响另一个方同样的操作
save-update: 级联保存和更新
delete: 级联删除
all: save-update+delete: 级联保存,更新,删除
Inverse: 关系的维护问题
true: 放弃关系的维护(在一对多时最好放弃一方的,应为一方维护一次就要为多方产生和数据相同都的sql update语句,影响性能)
false: 不放弃关系的维护 (默认值)
-->
<set name="products" inverse="true" cascade="all">
<key column="category_id"></key><!-- 关联的外键 -->
<one-to-many class="com.yi.entity.Product"/>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
多方配置文件(Product.hbm.xml):
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<!-- Class映射类 -->
<class name="com.yi.entity.Product" table="t_product">
<!-- 主键映射(重要) -->
<id name="id">
<!-- 策略 Native为id自增长 -->
<generator class="native"></generator>
</id>
<!-- 普通属性 -->
<property name="name"></property>
<!-- 多方配置,映射外键 -->
<!--
cascade: 级联操作。 一方的操作,同时也影响另一个方同样的操作
save-update: 级联保存和更新
delete: 级联删除
all: save-update+delete: 级联保存,更新,删除
注意:这里的级联关系不能为all,否则在在删除多方的任何一个数据时,导致所在的外键关联的多方和一方全部删除
-->
<many-to-one
name="category"
class="com.yi.entity.Category"
column="category_id"
cascade="save-update"
></many-to-one>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
hibernate配置文件(hibernate.cfg.xml):
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 连接数据库参数 -->
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">
com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">
jdbc:mysql:///hibernate?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">root</property>
<!-- 扩展参数 -->
<!-- 显示生成的SQL语句-->
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<!-- 格式化SQL语句 -->
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<!-- 如果表不存在将自动新建表,表名为配置文件中table对应的表名 -->
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<!-- 数据库方言(使用数据库的那种sql语句) -->
<property name="hibernate.dialect">
org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
</property>
<!-- 一对多映射 -->
<mapping resource="com/yi/entity/Category.hbm.xml" />
<mapping resource="com/yi/entity/Product.hbm.xml" />
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
Utils工具类(HibernateUtils.java)
package com.yi.utils;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
/*
* hibernate框架工具类
*/
public class HibernateUtils {
private static Configuration config;
private static SessionFactory sf;
//通过静态加载动态代码块
static{
//加载hibernate.cfg.xml文件
config = new Configuration();
config.configure();
//加载hibernate.cfg.xml文件
sf = config.buildSessionFactory();
}
//返回Session对象
public static Session getSession(){
//返回session
return sf.openSession();
}
}
Java测试文件(OneToMany.java):
package com.yi.test;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.yi.entity.Category;
import com.yi.entity.Product;
import com.yi.utils.HibernateUtils;
/*
* 一对多关系映射测试
*/
public class OneToMany {
//保存数据
@Test
public void Test1(){
Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
session.beginTransaction();
Category categ = new Category();
categ.setName("食品");
Product p1 = new Product();
p1.setName("巧克力");
Product p2 = new Product();
p2.setName("雪梨");
//建立双向关系
categ.getProducts().add(p1);
categ.getProducts().add(p2);
p1.setCategory(categ);
p2.setCategory(categ);
//保存数据
session.save(categ);
session.beginTransaction().commit();
session.close();
}
//更新数据
@Test
public void Test2(){
Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
session.beginTransaction();
//获取一方和多方的数据
Category categ = session.get(Category.class,1);
Product p = session.get(Product.class, 2);
p.setName("魅族");
//建立双向关系
categ.getProducts().add(p);
p.setCategory(categ);
//更新数据
session.update(categ);
session.beginTransaction().commit();
session.close();
}
//删除数据
@Test
public void Test3(){
Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
session.beginTransaction();
// //删除多表中的其中一个数据
// Product p = session.get(Product.class, 11);
// session.delete(p);
//获取一方数据(删除一方和多方相同外键的所有数据一起删除)
Category categ = session.get(Category.class,5);
session.delete(categ);
session.beginTransaction().commit();
session.close();
}
//查询全部数据
@Test
public void Test4(){
Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("from Category");
List list = query.list();
Iterator it = list.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
Category c = (Category)it.next();
System.out.println("产品分类:" + c.getName());
Set<Product> products = c.getProducts();
for (Product product : products) {
System.out.println("产品名称:" + product.getName());
}
}
session.beginTransaction().commit();
session.close();
}
//查询指定数据
@Test
public void Test5(){
Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
session.beginTransaction();
//按名称查询
Query query = session.createQuery("from Category c where c.name='手机'");
List list = query.list();
Iterator it = list.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
Category c = (Category)it.next();
System.out.println("产品分类:" + c.getName());
Set<Product> products = c.getProducts();
for (Product product : products) {
System.out.println("产品名称:" + product.getName());
}
}
session.beginTransaction().commit();
session.close();
}
}