spring mvc demo案例

spring mvc 介绍

Spring MVC属于SpringFrameWork的后续产品,已经融合在Spring Web Flow里面。Spring 框架提供了构建 Web 应用程序的全功能 MVC 模块。使用 Spring 可插入的 MVC 架构,从而在使用Spring进行WEB开发时,可以选择使用Spring的SpringMVC框架或集成其他MVC开发框架,如Struts1,Struts2等。


开始实践demo,步骤如下:

步骤1.前提,创建maven project :参考地址 --》 http://blog.csdn.net/u013013553/article/details/78202361


步骤2. 项目目录结构


步骤3:pom.xml的编写


<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>springmvcdemo</groupId>
	<artifactId>springmvcdemo</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<name>springmvcdemo</name>
	<description />
	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
			<version>3.2.9.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>3.2.9.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax</groupId>
			<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
			<version>7.0</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.2</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>2.3.2</version>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.7</source>
					<target>1.7</target>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>2.2</version>
				<configuration>
					<version>3.1</version>
					<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

步骤4: web.xml的编写



<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
  <display-name>springmvcdemo</display-name>  
    <servlet>  
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>  
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
    </servlet>  
  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  
    </servlet-mapping>  
  
</web-app>


步骤5:applicationContext.xml的编写

context:component-scan节点,此节点有两个属性base-package属性告诉spring要扫描的包,use-default-filters="false"表示不要使用默认的过滤器,此处的默认过滤器,会扫描包含Service,Component,Repository,Controller注解修饰的类

<context:component-scan base-package="com.demo" /> 

<!-- 处理在类级别上的@RequestMapping注解 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />

<!-- 处理方法级别上的@RequestMapping注解 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />

<!--ModelAndView对象中的view对象,可以使用字符串来让Spring框架进行解析获得适合的视图。而解析View的就是ViewResolver技术。
InternalResourceViewResolver将逻辑视图名字解析为一个路径-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">


<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd">
 
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.demo" />
 
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
     
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
 
</beans>


步骤6:实体类的编写, Student.java

package com.demo.model;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Student implements Serializable{
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	 
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
 
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
    }
}


步骤7:数据库操作接口的编写,StudentDao.java

package com.demo.dao;

import java.util.List;

import com.demo.model.Student;

public interface StudentDao {
	public List<Student> getAllStudents();
}


步骤8:实现上面StudentDao接口,StudentDaoImpl.java

package com.demo.dao;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.demo.model.Student;
//@Repository用于标注数据访问组件,即DAO组件
@Repository  
public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao {

	@Override
	public List<Student> getAllStudents() {
		List<Student> students = new ArrayList<Student>();
        
        Student stu1 = new Student();
        stu1.setId(1);
        stu1.setName("Zhang San");
        students.add(stu1);
         
        Student stu2 = new Student();
        stu2.setId(2);
        stu2.setName("Li Si");
        students.add(stu2);
         
        return students;
	}

}



步骤9:service层的编写,调用刚刚dao的实现,这里也是serviceceng的接口,StudentManager.java

package com.demo.service;

import java.util.List;

import com.demo.model.Student;

public interface StudentManager {
	public List<Student> getAllStudents();
}



步骤10:service层的实现,实现上面service层的接口,StudentManagerImpl.java

package com.demo.service;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.demo.dao.StudentDao;
import com.demo.model.Student;
@Service
public class StudentManagerImpl implements StudentManager {
	@Autowired
	StudentDao dao;
	
	public List<Student> getAllStudents() {
		return dao.getAllStudents();
	}

}




步骤11:controller层的编写,接受前端传来的请求,调用service层,StudentController.java

package com.demo.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import com.demo.service.StudentManager;
//@Controller 负责注册一个bean 到spring 上下文中,bean 的ID 默认为类名称开头字母小写
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/student-module")
public class StudentController {
	// @Autowired 根据bean 类型从spring 上线文中进行查找,注册类型必须唯一,否则报异常。
	@Autowired
    StudentManager manager;
	//@RequestMapping 可以声明到类或方法上
    @RequestMapping(value = "/getStudentInfo", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getStudentInfo(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("students", manager.getAllStudents());
        return "showStudentInfo";
    }
}



步骤12: 编写前端jsp页面, showStudentInfo.jsp,这个jsp文件存在于views文件夹下,其配置在applicationcontext.xml文件中<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">已经指定了。

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"%>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Spring MVC Demo</title>
</head>
 
<body>
    <h2>All Students</h2>
 
    <table border="1">
        <tr>
            <th>Student Id</th>
            <th>Student Name</th>
        </tr>
        <c:forEach items="${students}" var="student">
            <tr>
                <td>${student.id}</td>
                <td>${student.name}</td>
            </tr>
        </c:forEach>
    </table>
 
</body>
</html>



步骤13: 将项目部署到tomcat服务器上




步骤14: 通过浏览器进行访问 , http://localhost:8080/springmvcdemo/student-module/getStudentInfo,得到结果


github项目地址: https://github.com/heimohe/springmvc_demo/


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