scala 模式匹配与case class

当一个类被声明为case class时，编译器会自动进行如下操作：

1.构造器中参数如果没有被声明为var，则默认为val类型；

2.自动创建伴生对象，同时在伴生对象中实现apply方法，这样在使用时就不用显式地使用new对象；

3.伴生对象中同样可以实现unapply()，从而可以将case class应用于模式匹配；

object Test {

  case class Student(name:String,age:Int,stuentNo:Int) extends Person(name)

  case class Teacher(name:String,age:Int,teacherNo:Int) extends Person(name)

  case class Nobody(name:String) extends Person(name)

  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {

    //case class 会自动生成apply方法，从而省去了new
    val p:Person = Student("sb",18,1024)

    p match {
      case Student(name,age,stuentNo) => println(name + ":" + age + ":" + stuentNo)
      case Teacher(name,age,teacherNo) => println(name + ":" + age + ":" + teacherNo)
      case Nobody(name) => println(name)
    }

  }
}

abstract class Person(name:String)