Design Pattern—— Observer Pattern 观察者模式

 Observer Pattern 观察者模式：

一.定义：

观察者模式定义了一种一对多的依赖关系，让多个观察者对象同时监听某一个主题对象。这个主题对象在状态上发生变化时，会通知所有的观察者对象，让他们能够自动更新自己：

二.组成：

1.抽象主题角色：（也就是被观察者的抽象）

package com.designPattern.observer;

public interface watched {

	public void addWatcher(Watcher watcher);

	public void removeWatcher(Watcher watcher);

	public void notifyAllWatcher();

}

2.抽象观察者角色： （也就是观察者的抽象）

package com.designPattern.observer;

public interface Watcher {

	public void update();
}

3.具体主题角色：（也就是具体被观察者对象）

package com.designPattern.observer;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class ConcreteWatched implements watched {

	private List<Watcher> list = new ArrayList<Watcher>();

	@Override
	public void addWatcher(Watcher watcher) {
		list.add(watcher);

	}

	@Override
	public void removeWatcher(Watcher watcher) {
		list.remove(watcher);

	}

	@Override
	public void notifyAllWatcher() {

		for (Watcher watch : list) {
			watch.update();
		}
	}
}

4.具体观察者角色：

package com.designPattern.observer;

public class ConcreteWatcher implements Watcher {

	private String id;

	public ConcreteWatcher(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	@Override
	public void update() {
		System.out.println("i am happy! " + this.id);
	}
}

ok 以上是这个观察者模式的4个主要组成。 下面main调用：

package com.designPattern.observer;

public class Client {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		// 创建一个被观察者
		ConcreteWatched watched = new ConcreteWatched();

		// 创建4个观察者
		ConcreteWatcher watcher1 = new ConcreteWatcher("zhaan");
		ConcreteWatcher watcher2 = new ConcreteWatcher("lisi");
		ConcreteWatcher watcher3 = new ConcreteWatcher("xiaopin");

		// 把watcher1 到watcher3 这四个观察者注册到一个共同的主题watched上
		watched.addWatcher(watcher1);
		watched.addWatcher(watcher2);
		watched.addWatcher(watcher3);
		
		// 类似于addActionListener()函数把实现 ActionListener接口的类的对象注册到了button上。
		watched.addWatcher(new Watcher() {
			@Override
                         //类似于actionPerformed()函数
                        public void update() {
				System.out.println("i am happy!ooooooppppp ");
			}
		});
		watched.addWatcher(new ConcreteWatcher("hehe"));

		watched.notifyAllWatcher(); // 调用被观察者的notifyAllWatcher()函数，实际为遍历了所有依赖于该观察者的角色

	}

}

输出结果：

i am happy! zhaan
i am happy! lisi
i am happy! xiaopin
i am happy!ooooooppppp
i am happy! hehe