参考文章:http://www.cnblogs.com/morlin/p/4301063.html
说明:各参数的加载顺序与在web.xml文件中的顺序无关。其加载顺序为:ServletContext>context-param>listener>filter>servlert。
<param-value> </param-value>用来设定参数值。
< filter-class> </filter-class>用来定义filter类的名称;
<init-param> </init-param>用来定义参数,它有两个子元素:
<param-name> </param-name> 用来指定参数的名称;
<param-value> </param-value> 用来设定参数值。
<url-patttern></url-pattern> 指定filter所对应的URL。
<servlet-calss></servlet-class> 用于指定servlet的类名称;
<init-param></init-param> 用来定义参数,同上;
<jsp-file></jsp-file> 指定web站台中某个jsp网页的完整路径;
<multipart-config> </multipart-config> 上传文件配置:
<max-file-size> </max-file-size> 单个文件最大大小;
<max-request-size> </max-request-size> 所有文件最大大小。
<url-pattern></url-pattern>指定servlet所对应的URL。
<exception-type></exception-type> 指定一个JAVA异常类 ;
<location></location> 指定在web站台内的相关资源路径。
说明:各参数的加载顺序与在web.xml文件中的顺序无关。其加载顺序为:ServletContext>context-param>listener>filter>servlert。
配置说明
开头,所有元素都要放在<web-app></web-app>中。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
<display-name>DGCZYW.BMS</display-name>
</web-app>
1、<display-name></display-name>用于定义站台的名称
<display-name>DGCZYW.BMS</display-name>
2、<discription></discription>是对站台的描述
3、<context-param></context-param>用于设定web站台的环境参数,其包含两个子元素:
<param-name> </param-name>用于指定参数的名称;<param-value> </param-value>用来设定参数值。
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:log4j.properties</param-value>
</context-param>
注:此参数可以在servlet中用getServletContext().getInitParameter("log4jConfigLocation")来获得;
4、<filter></filter>是用来声明filter的相关设定,其包含以下子元素:
<filter-name> </filter-name>用于指定filter的名字;< filter-class> </filter-class>用来定义filter类的名称;
<init-param> </init-param>用来定义参数,它有两个子元素:
<param-name> </param-name> 用来指定参数的名称;
<param-value> </param-value> 用来设定参数值。
<filter>
<filter-name>DruidWebStatFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>exclusions</param-name>
<param-value>*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
5、<filter-mapping></filter-mapping>与<filter></filter>同时使用,用来定义filter所对应的URL,其包含两个元素:
<filter-name></filter-name> 指定filter的名字;<url-patttern></url-pattern> 指定filter所对应的URL。
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>DruidWebStatFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
6、<servlet></servlet> 用来声明一个servlet的数据,主要有以下子元素:
<servlet-name></servlet-name> 用于指定servlet的名称;<servlet-calss></servlet-class> 用于指定servlet的类名称;
<init-param></init-param> 用来定义参数,同上;
<jsp-file></jsp-file> 指定web站台中某个jsp网页的完整路径;
<multipart-config> </multipart-config> 上传文件配置:
<max-file-size> </max-file-size> 单个文件最大大小;
<max-request-size> </max-request-size> 所有文件最大大小。
<!-- Spring MVC配置 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 可以自定义servlet.xml配置文件的位置和名称,默认为WEB-INF目录下,名称为[<servlet-name>]-servlet.xml,如spring-servlet.xml-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:SpringMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<multipart-config>
<max-file-size>3145728</max-file-size><!-- 单个文件最大大小:3M -->
<max-request-size>10485760</max-request-size><!-- 所有文件最大大小:10M -->
</multipart-config>
</servlet>
注:更一种写法
<param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/application-mvc.xml</param-value>
7、<servlet-mapping></servlet-mapping>,与<servlet> </servlet>同时使用,用来定义servlet所对应的URL,包含两个子元素:
<servlet-name></servlet-name>指定servlet的名称;<url-pattern></url-pattern>指定servlet所对应的URL。
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
8、<welcome-file-list></welcom-file-list>用来定义首页的列单,包含一个子元素:
<welcome-file></welcome-file>指定首页的文件名称; <welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>login.html</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
9、<error-page></error-page>用来处理错误代码或异常的页面,有三个子元素:
< error-code></error-code> 指定错误代码;<exception-type></exception-type> 指定一个JAVA异常类 ;
<location></location> 指定在web站台内的相关资源路径。
<error-page>
<error-code>404</error-code>
<location>/error404.jsp</location>
</error-page>
<error-page>
<exception-type>java.lang.Exception</exception-type>
<location>/exception.jsp</location>
</error-page>
10、<listener></listener> 声明监听相关设定:
<listener-class></listen-class> 指定监听类,该类需要继承ServletContextListener类包含初始化方法contextInitialized(ServletC ontextEvent event)和销毁方法 contextDestoryed(ServletContextEvent event) <!-- Spring配置 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
附加:
1、spring-mvc web.xml代码:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
<display-name>BMS</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>login.html</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:log4j.properties</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Spring配置 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 指定Spring Bean的配置文件所在目录。默认配置在WEB-INF目录下 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Spring MVC配置 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 可以自定义servlet.xml配置文件的位置和名称,默认为WEB-INF目录下,名称为[<servlet-name>]-servlet.xml,如spring-servlet.xml-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:SpringMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<multipart-config>
<max-file-size>3145728</max-file-size><!-- 单个文件最大大小:3M -->
<max-request-size>10485760</max-request-size><!-- 所有文件最大大小:10M -->
</multipart-config>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>DruidWebStatFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>exclusions</param-name>
<param-value>*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>DruidWebStatFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DruidStatView</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DruidStatView</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/druid/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
2、Struts2 web.xml代码:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>BMS</display-name>
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:application.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>