UVA - 10305 (Ordering Tasks) 拓扑排序

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Ordering Tasks

Time Limit: 3000MS

Memory Limit: Unknown

64bit IO Format: %lld & %llu

Submit Status

Description

Problem F

Ordering Tasks

Input: standard input

Output: standard output

Time Limit: 1 second

Memory Limit: 32 MB

John has n tasks to do. Unfortunately, the tasks are not independent and the execution of one task is only possible if other tasks have already been executed.

Input

The input will consist of several instances of the problem. Each instance begins with a line containing two integers, 1 <= n <= 100and m. n is the number of tasks (numbered from 1 to n) and m is the number of direct precedence relations between tasks. After this, there will be m lines with two integers i and j, representing the fact that task i must be executed before task j. An instance withn = m = 0 will finish the input.

Output

For each instance, print a line with n integers representing the tasks in a possible order of execution.

Sample Input

5 4

1 2

2 3

1 3

1 5

0 0

Sample Output

1 4 2 5 3#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
//int did[111][111],ne[111][111],c[111],n;
//int topo[111],t,G[222][111];
#define max 111
int c[max],topo[max],t,n,G[max][max];
int dfs(int u)
{
	int v;
    c[u] = -1;	//正在访问
    for(v = 1; v <= n; v++)
        if(G[u][v])
        {
            if(c[v] < 0) return 0;	//V正在访问，当前U其实是由V而来的,现在又指向V,即成环
            else if(!c[v] && !dfs(v)) return 0;
        }
    c[u] = 1;	//访问结束
    topo[--t] = u;	//从后往前保存--回溯
	return 1;
}
int toposort()
{
    int i;
    t = n;
    memset(c,0,sizeof(c));
    for(i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        if(!c[i] && !dfs(i))
                return 0;
    return  1;
}
int main()
{
	int i,j,m,x,y; 
	while(scanf("%d%d",&n,&m)!=EOF&&m+n)
	{
		//memset(topo,0,sizeof(topo));
		memset(G,0,sizeof(G));
		for(i=1;i<=m;i++)
		{
			scanf("%d%d",&x,&y);
			G[x][y]=1;//
		}
		toposort();
		for(i = 0; i < n-1; i++)  
                printf("%d ",topo[i]);  
        printf("%d\n",topo[i]);
	}
	return 0;
}
/*
5 4
1 2
2 3
1 3
1 5
*/