均值滤波vs中值滤波

均值滤波是一种线性平均滤波器，它通过求窗口内所有像素的平均值来得到中心像素点的像素值。这样的好处是可以有效的平滑图像，降低图像的尖锐程度，降低噪声。但缺点是不能消除噪声。

中值滤波也是一种很常用的数字滤波器，它通过找窗内的所有像素值的中值然后赋给中心像素点，然后得到输出图像，这样做的好处是，它不创造新的像素值，只是取周围像素值作为它的输出，这一方法可以有效的消除脉冲噪声，而且可以很好的保护图像尖锐的边缘。

关于中值滤波的好处，HIPR还有这两点说法：
- The median is a more robust average than the mean and so a single very unrepresentative pixel in a neighborhood will not affect the median value significantly.
- Since the median value must actually be the value of one of the pixels in the neighborhood, the median filter does not create new unrealistic pixel values when the filter straddles an edge. For this reason the median filter is much better at preserving sharp edges than the mean filter.