Number Complement:数字填充位操作

Given a positive integer, output its complement number. The complement strategy is to flip the bits of its binary representation.

Note:

1. The given integer is guaranteed to fit within the range of a 32-bit signed integer.
2. You could assume no leading zero bit in the integer’s binary representation.

Example 1:

Input: 5
Output: 2
Explanation: The binary representation of 5 is 101 (no leading zero bits), and its complement is 010. So you need to output 2.

Example 2:

Input: 1
Output: 0
Explanation: The binary representation of 1 is 1 (no leading zero bits), and its complement is 0. So you need to output 0.

思路：

朴素思路：按位判断，累加求和

class Solution {
   public static int findComplement(int num) {
	        if(num == 0) return 1;
	        int factor = 1;
	        int result = 0;
	        while(num>0){
	            if((num&1)==0){
	                result += factor;
	            }
	            factor = factor<<1;
	            num = num>>1;
	        }
	        return result;
	    }
}

思路二：求出和呆求数字一样长的全一数字，二者异或

int findComplement(int num) {
    int mask = num;
    mask |= mask >> 1;
    mask |= mask >> 2;
    mask |= mask >> 4;
    mask |= mask >> 8;
    mask |= mask >> 16;
    return num ^ mask;
}

有答案说使用 highestOneBit(int i)，实际上，其源码是：

 /**
     * Returns an {@code int} value with at most a single one-bit, in the
     * position of the highest-order ("leftmost") one-bit in the specified
     * {@code int} value.  Returns zero if the specified value has no
     * one-bits in its two's complement binary representation, that is, if it
     * is equal to zero.
     *
     * @return an {@code int} value with a single one-bit, in the position
     *     of the highest-order one-bit in the specified value, or zero if
     *     the specified value is itself equal to zero.
     * @since 1.5
     */
    public static int highestOneBit(int i) {
        // HD, Figure 3-1
        i |= (i >>  1);
        i |= (i >>  2);
        i |= (i >>  4);
        i |= (i >>  8);
        i |= (i >> 16);
        return i - (i >>> 1);
    }

实际上和思路二本质相同。