Python-正则表达式多次匹配

要点

要查找所有匹配项，用findall函数。

findall帮助信息

pydoc re

findall  Find all occurrences of a pattern in a string.

findall(pattern, string, flags=0)
    Return a list of all non-overlapping matches in the string.

    If one or more groups are present in the pattern, return a
    list of groups; this will be a list of tuples if the pattern
    has more than one group.

    Empty matches are included in the result.

示例一

找所有的数字。

#!/usr/bin/env python

import re

result = re.findall("(\d+)", "2015-03-20")
if result:  
    print "OK",
    print result
else:  
    print "FAIL" 

运行结果：

OK ['2015', '03', '20']

示例－查找年月日

#!/usr/bin/env python

import re

def debug_matches(result):
    count = len(result)
    if count == 0:
        print "No match item."
        return 

    for item in result:
        year, month, day = item

        print "year:", year, ", month:", month, ", day:", day  

result = re.findall("(\d+)-(\d+)-(\d+)", "First 2015-03-20, Second 2016-04-21, ...")
if result:  
    print "OK",
    print result

    debug_matches(result)
else:  
    print "FAIL" 

运行结果：

OK [('2015', '03', '20'), ('2016', '04', '21')]
year: 2015 , month: 03 , day: 20
year: 2016 , month: 04 , day: 21

示例三－git log分析

git log中查找文件修改记录。

#!/usr/bin/env python

import re

def debug_matches(result):
    count = len(result)
    if count == 0:
        print "No match item."
        return 

    for item in result:
        first_filename, second_filename, start_line, line_number = item

        print "first file:", first_filename, 
        print ", second file:", second_filename,
        print ", start line:", start_line,
        print ", line number:", line_number  


git_log = '''
index 98d2cfb..50d2a32 100644
--- a/arch/arm/boot/dts/qcom/filename1.dtsi
--- b/arch/arm/boot/dts/qcom/filename1.dtsi
@@ -419,6 +419,12 @@
                qcom,warm-bat-decidegc = <450>;
                qcom,cool-bat-decidegc = <100>;
                qcom,warm-bat-decidegc = <0>;
+               xyz,batt-cold-percentage = <80>;
+               xyz,batt-hot-percentage = <25>;
diff --git a/drivers/hwmon/filename2.c b/drivers/hwmon/filename2.c
index fba252e..9179239 100644
--- a/drivers/hwmon/filename2.c
--- b/drivers/hwmon/filename2.c
@@ -419,6 +429,22 @@
'''

result = re.findall("--- a([^\n]+)\n--- b([^\n]+)\n@@ -[\d,]+\ \+(\d+),(\d+)\ ", git_log)
if result is not None: # or if result:   
    print "OK", 
    print result
    debug_matches(result)
else:  
    print "FAIL"  

运行结果：

OK [(‘/arch/arm/boot/dts/qcom/filename1.dtsi’, ‘/arch/arm/boot/dts/qcom/filename1.dtsi’, ‘419’, ‘12’), (‘/drivers/hwmon/filename2.c’, ‘/drivers/hwmon/filename2.c’, ‘429’, ‘22’)]
first file: /arch/arm/boot/dts/qcom/filename1.dtsi , second file: /arch/arm/boot/dts/qcom/filename1.dtsi , start line: 419 , line number: 12
first file: /drivers/hwmon/filename2.c , second file: /drivers/hwmon/filename2.c , start line: 429 , line number: 22