javaweb-day01-7（XML 解析-案例）

1、以如下格式的exam.xml文件为例

exam.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>

<exam>
	<student examid="222" idcard="111">
		<name>张三</name>
		<location>沈阳</location>
		<grade>89.00</grade>
	</student>
	
	<student examid="444" idcard="333">
		<name>李四</name>
		<location>大连</location>
		<grade>97.00</grade>
	</student>

</exam>

２、编程实现如下功能

 

３、实现学生信息的添加

 

４、实现学生信息的查询

 

５、实现学生的删除功能

 

 

添加数据：

查询数据：

 

开发顺序：先写javabean，再写Dao用到的工具类、Dao ，最后写界面层Main。

不同模块的程序，要放在不同的包里：

•   实体javabean：放在domain包。
•   Dao：放在dao包。dao操作xml文档必定会有重复代码：得到document、更新xml文档。将他们抽取到工具类XmlUtils里。
•   工具类XmlUtils：放在utils工具包中。
•   界面Main：放在main包。

 

 

Student.java

package cn.mengmei.domain;

public class Student {
	
	private String idcard;
	private String examid;
	private String name;
	private String location;
	private Double grade;
	
	public String getIdcard() {
		return idcard;
	}
	public void setIdcard(String idcard) {
		this.idcard = idcard;
	}
	public String getExamid() {
		return examid;
	}
	public void setExamid(String examid) {
		this.examid = examid;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getLocation() {
		return location;
	}
	public void setLocation(String location) {
		this.location = location;
	}
	public Double getGrade() {
		return grade;
	}
	public void setGrade(Double grade) {
		this.grade = grade;
	}

}

XMLUtils.java

package cn.mengmei.utils;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactoryConfigurationError;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

public class XMLUtils {

	public static Document document() throws SAXException, IOException, ParserConfigurationException  {
		Document document = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder().parse("src/exam.xml");
		return document;
	}
	
	public static void updateXML(Document document) throws TransformerConfigurationException, TransformerException, TransformerFactoryConfigurationError  {
		TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer().transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult("src/exam.xml"));
	}
}

 

StudentDao.java

package cn.mengmei.dao;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;

import cn.mengmei.domain.Student;
import cn.mengmei.utils.XMLUtils;

public class StudentDao {
	
	public void add(Student student) {
		try {
			Document document = XMLUtils.document();
			
			Element stuNode = document.createElement("student");
			stuNode.setAttribute("idcard", student.getIdcard());
			stuNode.setAttribute("examid", student.getExamid());
			
			Element nameNode = document.createElement("name");
			nameNode.setTextContent(student.getName());
			
			Element locNode = document.createElement("location");
			locNode.setTextContent(student.getLocation());
			
			Element graNode = document.createElement("grade");
			graNode.setTextContent(student.getGrade()+"");
			
			stuNode.appendChild(nameNode);
			stuNode.appendChild(locNode);
			stuNode.appendChild(graNode);
			
			document.getDocumentElement().appendChild(stuNode);
			
			XMLUtils.updateXML(document);
		
		} catch (Exception e) {
			throw new RuntimeException(e);
		}
	}
	
	public void delete(String name){
		try {
			Document document = XMLUtils.document();
			NodeList nameList = document.getElementsByTagName("name");
			for(int i=0;i<nameList.getLength();i++){
				Node nameNode = nameList.item(i);
				if(nameNode.getTextContent().equals(name)){
					Node stuNode = nameNode.getParentNode();
					stuNode.getParentNode().removeChild(stuNode);
					XMLUtils.updateXML(document);
					return;
				}
			}
			throw new RuntimeException("-------对不起，你要删除的学生信息不存在!------");  //异常也是一种返回值。
		} catch (Exception e) {
			throw new RuntimeException(e);
		}
	}
	
	public Student find(String examid){
		Document document = null;
		try {
			document = XMLUtils.document();
			NodeList stuList = document.getElementsByTagName("student");
			Student student = null;
			for(int i=0;i<stuList.getLength();i++){
				Element stuNode = (Element)stuList.item(i);
				if(Integer.parseInt(stuNode.getAttribute("examid")) == Integer.parseInt(examid)){
					student = new Student();
					student.setName(stuNode.getElementsByTagName("name").item(0).getTextContent());
					student.setIdcard(stuNode.getAttribute("idcard"));
					student.setExamid(stuNode.getAttribute("examid"));
					student.setLocation(stuNode.getElementsByTagName("location").item(0).getTextContent());
					student.setGrade(Double.parseDouble(stuNode.getElementsByTagName("grade").item(0).getTextContent()));
				}
			}
			return student;
			
		} catch (Exception e) {
			throw new RuntimeException(e);
		}
	}
	
}

Main.java

package cn.mengmei.main;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import cn.mengmei.dao.StudentDao;
import cn.mengmei.domain.Student;

public class Main {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		System.out.println("添加用户：(a)    删除用户：(b)    查询成绩：(c)");
		System.out.print("请输入操作类型：");
		BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		String item = null;
		try {
			item = reader.readLine();
		} catch (IOException e1) {
			System.out.println("--------对不起，读取类型失败！--------");
		}
		
		String name = null;
		String idcard = null;
		String examid = null;
		String location = null;
		String grade = null;
		Student student = null;
		StudentDao dao = null;
		
		switch (item) {
		case "a":
			try {
			System.out.print("请输入学生姓名：");
			name = reader.readLine();
			System.out.print("请输入学生身份证号：");
			idcard = reader.readLine();
			System.out.print("请输入学生准考证号：");
			examid = reader.readLine();
			System.out.print("请输入学生所在地：");
			location = reader.readLine();
			System.out.print("请输入学生成绩：");
			grade = reader.readLine(); 
			
			student = new Student();
			student.setName(name);
			student.setIdcard(idcard);
			student.setExamid(examid);
			student.setLocation(location);
			student.setGrade(Double.parseDouble(grade));
			dao = new StudentDao();
			dao.add(student);
			System.out.println("-----------添加数据成功-----------");
			} catch (Exception e) {
				System.out.println("-----------对不起，添加数据失败！-----------");
			}
			break;
			
		case "b":
			try {
				System.out.print("请输入要删除的学生姓名：");
				name = reader.readLine();
				
				dao = new StudentDao();
				dao.delete(name);
				System.out.println("------对已成功删除学生信息------");
			} catch (Exception e) {
				System.out.println(e.getMessage());
			}
			break;
			
		case "c":
			try {

				System.out.print("请输入要查询的学生准考证号：");
				examid = reader.readLine();
				dao = new StudentDao();
				student = dao.find(examid);
				if(student!=null){
					System.out.println("姓名："+student.getName());
					System.out.println("身份证号："+student.getIdcard());
					System.out.println("准考证号："+student.getExamid());
					System.out.println("所在地："+student.getLocation());
					System.out.println("成绩："+student.getGrade());
				}else{
					System.out.println("--------对不起，没有查询到此学生！-------");
				}
			
			} catch (Exception e) {
				System.out.println("------对不起，查询失败！------");
			}
			break;

		default:
			System.out.println("-------非法类型-------");
			break;
		}
	}

}