STM32开发项目：STM32F407的BootLoader程序

日期	作者	版本	说明
2020.11.03	Tao	V0.0	完成主体内容的撰写

BootLoader程序介绍

BootLoader其实就是一段启动程序，它在芯片启动的时候首先被执行，它可以用来做一些硬件的初始化，当初始化完成之后跳转到对应的应用程序中去。例如，我们可以将Flash分为两个区，一个是启动程序区(0x0800 0000 - 0x0800 2000)大小为8K Bytes，剩下的为应用程序区（0x0800 2000 - 0x0801 0000）。芯片上电时先运行启动程序，然后跳转到应用程序区执行应用程序。

参考资料

源码实现

基本的BootLoader程序仅实现了代码跳转的功能，因此全部在main.c文件中实现。

源文件

/*
 ******************************************************************************
File:     main.c
Info:     Generated by Atollic TrueSTUDIO(R) 9.3.0   2020-09-07

The MIT License (MIT)
Copyright (c) 2019 STMicroelectronics

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.

 ******************************************************************************
 */

/* Includes */
#include "stm32f4xx.h"
#include "delay.h"
/* Private macro */

//用户扇区从第5扇区的起始位置开始启动
#define FLASH_APP_ADDR			0x08010000

#define MCU_LED						GPIOA_OUT(15)

/* Private variables */
typedef  void (*UserApplication)(void);				//定义一个函数类型的参数.

UserApplication userApp;

/* Private function prototypes */
void ConfigLED( );
void SystemBooting(uint8_t times, uint16_t msDelay);
void IAPLoadApp(u32 appxaddr);

/* Private functions */


/**
 **===========================================================================
 **
 **  Abstract: main program
 **
 **===========================================================================
 */
int main(void)
{


	/**
	 *  IMPORTANT NOTE!
	 *  The symbol VECT_TAB_SRAM needs to be defined when building the project
	 *  if code has been located to RAM and interrupts are used.
	 *  Otherwise the interrupt table located in flash will be used.
	 *  See also the <system_*.c> file and how the SystemInit() function updates
	 *  SCB->VTOR register.
	 *  E.g.  SCB->VTOR = 0x20000000;
	 */

	/* TODO - Add your application code here */

	delay_init();
	ConfigLED();
	SystemBooting(5,100);

	//从第五扇区起始位置开始加载应用程序
	IAPLoadApp(FLASH_APP_ADDR);

	while(1);
}

void ConfigLED( )
{
	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
	RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
	/**
	 * System State LED
	 */
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_15;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_OUT;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_UP;

	GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
}

void SystemBooting(uint8_t times, uint16_t msDelay)
{
	for (uint8_t i = 0; i < times; i++)
	{
		MCU_LED = 0;
		delay_ms(msDelay);
		MCU_LED = 1;
		delay_ms(msDelay);
	}
}

void IAPLoadApp(u32 appxaddr)
{
	if(((*(vu32*)appxaddr)&0x2FF00000)==0x20000000)				//检查栈顶地址是否合法.
	{
		userApp=(UserApplication)*(__IO vu32*)(appxaddr+4);	//用户代码区第二个字为程序开始地址(复位地址)
		__set_MSP(*(__IO uint32_t*) appxaddr);							//初始化APP堆栈指针(用户代码区的第一个字用于存放栈顶地址)
		userApp();																		//跳转到APP.
	}
}

stm32f4_flash.ld

设置BootLoader程序在flash中的位置为第1~2扇区，共32K空间。在笔者的项目中，第3~4扇区用来实现EEPROM的软件仿真，用户程序将从第5扇区开始启动。

/* Specify the memory areas */
MEMORY
{
  FLASH (rx)      : ORIGIN = 0x08000000, LENGTH = 32K
  RAM (xrw)       : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 128K
  MEMORY_B1 (rx)  : ORIGIN = 0x60000000, LENGTH = 0K
  CCMRAM (rw)     : ORIGIN = 0x10000000, LENGTH = 64K
}

使用指南

用户程序需要从第5扇区的起始位置开始下载，同时需要设置中断向量的偏移地址。

设置用户程序下载位置（stm32f4_flash.ld）

在笔者的项目中，设置BootLoader程序在flash中的位置为第1~2扇区，共32K空间。第3~4扇区用来实现EEPROM的软件仿真，共32K空间。用户程序将从第5扇区开始启动。

/* Memories definition */
MEMORY
{
  FLASH (rx)    : ORIGIN = 0x8010000,   LENGTH = 448K
  RAM (xrw)    	: ORIGIN = 0x20000000,  LENGTH = 128K
  CCMRAM (xrw)  : ORIGIN = 0x10000000,  LENGTH = 64K
}

修改中断向量表偏移量

在"system_stm32f4xx.c"文件中，修改宏定义：

/*!< Uncomment the following line if you need to relocate your vector Table in
     Internal SRAM. */
/* #define VECT_TAB_SRAM */
#define VECT_TAB_OFFSET  0x10000 /*!< Vector Table base offset field.
                                   This value must be a multiple of 0x200. */

在void SystemInit(void)中将会根据上述宏定义，设置中断向量表的偏移量：

/* Configure the Vector Table location add offset address ------------------*/
#ifdef VECT_TAB_SRAM
  SCB->VTOR = SRAM_BASE | VECT_TAB_OFFSET; /* Vector Table Relocation in Internal SRAM */
#else
  SCB->VTOR = FLASH_BASE | VECT_TAB_OFFSET; /* Vector Table Relocation in Internal FLASH */
#endif