[java]微服务架构连载No3 Ribbon+Retry服务实现负载均衡和服务请求重试

将要搭建的负载均衡架构图如下

工程说明

spring-cloud-02-ribbon-retry 模拟客服端,请求服务 ,RestTemplate+LoadBalanced 实现负载均衡

spring-cloud-02-ribbon-eureka 作为服务发现,管理所有服务

spring-cloud-02-ribbon-client-01 / spring-cloud-ribbon-client-02  作为集群服务,协调处理请求

负载均衡策略常用的几种

简单轮询负载均衡（RoundRobin）
随机负载均衡 （Random）
加权响应时间负载均衡 （WeightedResponseTime）
区域感知轮询负载均衡（ZoneAware）
选择一个最小的并发请求BestAvailableRule

工程spring-cloud-02-ribbon-eureka 同上一篇,不做解释

spring-cloud-02-ribbon-client-01 配置如下

spring:
  application:
    name: client-service

server:
  port: 7002
  context-path: /

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8001/eureka/

@RestController
public class IndexController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/retry")
    public String retry() throws InterruptedException {
        System.err.println("------- client 01--- ");
        return "------- client 01--- " ;
    }

}

 / spring-cloud-ribbon-client-02配置如下

spring:
  application:
    name: client-service

server:
  port: 7001
  context-path: /

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
     defaultZone: http://localhost:8001/eureka/

@RestController
public class IndexController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/retry")
    public String retry() throws InterruptedException {
        System.err.println("------- client 02--- ");
        
        Thread.sleep(5000);
        return "------- client 02--- " ;
    }
}

注意:client2服务睡眠了5秒后才有相应

并且全部启动服务

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ClientApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ClientApplication.class,  args);
    }
}

工程spring-cloud-02-ribbon-retry  pom导入ribbon Jar包

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.retry</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-retry</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

配置类

spring:
  application:
    name: retry-service
  cloud:
    loadbalancer:
      retry:
        enabled: true  #启动重试机制

server:
  port: 7004
  context-path: /

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8001/eureka/

#启动断路器
hystrix.command.default.execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds: 10000

custom:
   rest:
    connect-timeout: 1000
    connection-request-timeout: 1000
    read-timeout: 3000


client-service:
  ribbon:
    OkToRetryOnAllOperations: true # 是否对所有请求都进行重试
    MaxAutoRetriesNextServer: 2   #重试切换实例次数
    MaxAutoRetries: 1     #重试次数

配置负载均衡RestTemplate

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableRetry
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class RetryApplication {

    @Bean
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "custom.rest")
    public HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory httpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(){
        HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory httpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory=new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory();
    
        return httpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory;
    }

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate(httpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory());
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(RetryApplication.class,  args);
    }
}

RetryController

@RestController
public class RetryController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @RequestMapping(value = "retry")
    public String retry() throws InterruptedException {
        ResponseEntity<String> result=restTemplate.getForEntity("http://client-service/retry",String.class);
        System.err.println("------------ "+ result + "--------------------");
        return "------- result"+result+"--- " ;
    }
}

代码解释:

1:访问 retryController/retry ,通过服务发现找到对应的服务client1/client 的retry服务

2:retry 配置 read-timeout: 3000 ,如果调用服务超过3秒,会进行服务重试,重试次数1次,如果还是失败,服务进行切换实例,重新重试

3:通过resstTemplate 负载均衡轮询调用

4:调用client1 ,没有睡眠,立马返回,服务不超时

5:调用client2,服务睡眠5秒,查过超时时间3秒,会进行重试,重试一次,还是失败,会进行实例切换,调用服务1,正常返回

截图一:服务发现中心 

截图二 访问服务返回结果 为client01

截图三:重试服务client2两次

截图四: 切换实例到client1,并返回最终结果