1.摄像机成像原理
成像的过程实质上是4个坐标系的转换。首先空间中的一点由 世界坐标系 转换到 摄像机坐标系 ，然后再将其投影到成像平面 (图像物理坐标系 ) ，最后再将成像平面上的数据转换到图像平面 (图像像素坐标系 ) 。
下文对4个坐标系的 变换做了详细的解释：
http://blog.csdn.net/humanking7/article/details/44756073
2.畸变模型
图像像素坐标系
(uOv坐标系)
下的无畸变坐标
(U, V)
，经过
径向畸变
和
切向畸变
后落在了
uOv坐标系
的
(Ud, Vd)
上。即就是说，
真实图像 imgR
与
畸变图像 imgD
之间的关系为:
imgR(U, V) = imgD(Ud, Vd)
OpenCV的document中介绍如下：
http://www.opencv.org.cn/opencvdoc/2.3.2/html/doc/tutorials/calib3d/camera_calibration/camera_calibration.html#cameracalibrationopencv
所以标定的目标是就是确定这5个参数的值。
3.标定板
标定的最开始阶段最需要的肯定是标定板。可以直接从opencv官网上能下载到：http://docs.opencv.org/2.4/_downloads/pattern.png
4.图像采集
尽量覆盖摄像机的各个角度，多拍几张照片（必须大于1张）
5.标定
用OpenCV的例程来进行标定，在你的opencv目录下
sources\samples\cpp\tutorial_code\calib3d\camera_calibration
有3个文件 ：
camera_calibration.cpp
VID5.xml
in_VID5.xml
第一个是标定程序的源代码。
第二个是配置文件，你可以更改标定图片获取的方式以及标定板的一些参数。
第三个里面可以修改标定图片序列的文件名。
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <time.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
#include <opencv2/calib3d/calib3d.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#ifndef _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
# define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#endif
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
static void help()
{
cout << "This is a camera calibration sample." << endl
<< "Usage: calibration configurationFile" << endl
<< "Near the sample file you'll find the configuration file, which has detailed help of "
"how to edit it. It may be any OpenCV supported file format XML/YAML." << endl;
}
class Settings
{
public:
Settings() : goodInput(false) {}
enum Pattern { NOT_EXISTING, CHESSBOARD, CIRCLES_GRID, ASYMMETRIC_CIRCLES_GRID };
enum InputType {INVALID, CAMERA, VIDEO_FILE, IMAGE_LIST};
void write(FileStorage& fs) const //Write serialization for this class
{
fs << "{" << "BoardSize_Width" << boardSize.width
<< "BoardSize_Height" << boardSize.height
<< "Square_Size" << squareSize
<< "Calibrate_Pattern" << patternToUse
<< "Calibrate_NrOfFrameToUse" << nrFrames
<< "Calibrate_FixAspectRatio" << aspectRatio
<< "Calibrate_AssumeZeroTangentialDistortion" << calibZeroTangentDist
<< "Calibrate_FixPrincipalPointAtTheCenter" << calibFixPrincipalPoint
<< "Write_DetectedFeaturePoints" << bwritePoints
<< "Write_extrinsicParameters" << bwriteExtrinsics
<< "Write_outputFileName" << outputFileName
<< "Show_UndistortedImage" << showUndistorsed
<< "Input_FlipAroundHorizontalAxis" << flipVertical
<< "Input_Delay" << delay
<< "Input" << input
<< "}";
}
void read(const FileNode& node) //Read serialization for this class
{
node["BoardSize_Width" ] >> boardSize.width;
node["BoardSize_Height"] >> boardSize.height;
node["Calibrate_Pattern"] >> patternToUse;
node["Square_Size"] >> squareSize;
node["Calibrate_NrOfFrameToUse"] >> nrFrames;
node["Calibrate_FixAspectRatio"] >> aspectRatio;
node["Write_DetectedFeaturePoints"] >> bwritePoints;
node["Write_extrinsicParameters"] >> bwriteExtrinsics;
node["Write_outputFileName"] >> outputFileName;
node["Calibrate_AssumeZeroTangentialDistortion"] >> calibZeroTangentDist;
node["Calibrate_FixPrincipalPointAtTheCenter"] >> calibFixPrincipalPoint;
node["Input_FlipAroundHorizontalAxis"] >> flipVertical;
node["Show_UndistortedImage"] >> showUndistorsed;
node["Input"] >> input;
node["Input_Delay"] >> delay;
interprate();
}
void interprate()
{
goodInput = true;
if (boardSize.width <= 0 || boardSize.height <= 0)
{
cerr << "Invalid Board size: " << boardSize.width << " " << boardSize.height << endl;
goodInput = false;
}
if (squareSize <= 10e-6)
{
cerr << "Invalid square size " << squareSize << endl;
goodInput = false;
}
if (nrFrames <= 0)
{
cerr << "Invalid number of frames " << nrFrames << endl;
goodInput = false;
}
if (input.empty()) // Check for valid input
inputType = INVALID;
else
{
if (input[0] >= '0' && input[0] <= '9')
{
stringstream ss(input);
ss >> cameraID;
inputType = CAMERA;
}
else
{
if (readStringList(input, imageList))
{
inputType = IMAGE_LIST;
nrFrames = (nrFrames < (int)imageList.size()) ? nrFrames : (int)imageList.size();
}
else
inputType = VIDEO_FILE;
}
if (inputType == CAMERA)
inputCapture.open(cameraID);
if (inputType == VIDEO_FILE)
inputCapture.open(input);
if (inputType != IMAGE_LIST && !inputCapture.isOpened())
inputType = INVALID;
}
if (inputType == INVALID)
{
cerr << " Inexistent input: " << input;
goodInput = false;
}
flag = 0;
if(calibFixPrincipalPoint) flag |= CV_CALIB_FIX_PRINCIPAL_POINT;
if(calibZeroTangentDist) flag |= CV_CALIB_ZERO_TANGENT_DIST;
if(aspectRatio) flag |= CV_CALIB_FIX_ASPECT_RATIO;
calibrationPattern = NOT_EXISTING;
if (!patternToUse.compare("CHESSBOARD")) calibrationPattern = CHESSBOARD;
if (!patternToUse.compare("CIRCLES_GRID")) calibrationPattern = CIRCLES_GRID;
if (!patternToUse.compare("ASYMMETRIC_CIRCLES_GRID")) calibrationPattern = ASYMMETRIC_CIRCLES_GRID;
if (calibrationPattern == NOT_EXISTING)
{
cerr << " Inexistent camera calibration mode: " << patternToUse << endl;
goodInput = false;
}
atImageList = 0;
}
Mat nextImage()
{
Mat result;
if( inputCapture.isOpened() )
{
Mat view0;
inputCapture >> view0;
view0.copyTo(result);
}
else if( atImageList < (int)imageList.size() )
result = imread(imageList[atImageList++], CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR);
return result;
}
static bool readStringList( const string& filename, vector<string>& l )
{
l.clear();
FileStorage fs(filename, FileStorage::READ);
if( !fs.isOpened() )
return false;
FileNode n = fs.getFirstTopLevelNode();
if( n.type() != FileNode::SEQ )
return false;
FileNodeIterator it = n.begin(), it_end = n.end();
for( ; it != it_end; ++it )
l.push_back((string)*it);
return true;
}
public:
Size boardSize; // The size of the board -> Number of items by width and height
Pattern calibrationPattern;// One of the Chessboard, circles, or asymmetric circle pattern
float squareSize; // The size of a square in your defined unit (point, millimeter,etc).
int nrFrames; // The number of frames to use from the input for calibration
float aspectRatio; // The aspect ratio
int delay; // In case of a video input
bool bwritePoints; // Write detected feature points
bool bwriteExtrinsics; // Write extrinsic parameters
bool calibZeroTangentDist; // Assume zero tangential distortion
bool calibFixPrincipalPoint;// Fix the principal point at the center
bool flipVertical; // Flip the captured images around the horizontal axis
string outputFileName; // The name of the file where to write
bool showUndistorsed; // Show undistorted images after calibration
string input; // The input ->
int cameraID;
vector<string> imageList;
int atImageList;
VideoCapture inputCapture;
InputType inputType;
bool goodInput;
int flag;
private:
string patternToUse;
};
static void read(const FileNode& node, Settings& x, const Settings& default_value = Settings())
{
if(node.empty())
x = default_value;
else
x.read(node);
}
enum { DETECTION = 0, CAPTURING = 1, CALIBRATED = 2 };
bool runCalibrationAndSave(Settings& s, Size imageSize, Mat& cameraMatrix, Mat& distCoeffs,
vector<vector<Point2f> > imagePoints );
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
help();
Settings s;
const string inputSettingsFile = argc > 1 ? argv[1] : "default.xml";
FileStorage fs(inputSettingsFile, FileStorage::READ); // Read the settings
if (!fs.isOpened())
{
cout << "Could not open the configuration file: \"" << inputSettingsFile << "\"" << endl;
return -1;
}
fs["Settings"] >> s;
fs.release(); // close Settings file
if (!s.goodInput)
{
cout << "Invalid input detected. Application stopping. " << endl;
return -1;
}
vector<vector<Point2f> > imagePoints;
Mat cameraMatrix, distCoeffs;
Size imageSize;
int mode = s.inputType == Settings::IMAGE_LIST ? CAPTURING : DETECTION;
clock_t prevTimestamp = 0;
const Scalar RED(0,0,255), GREEN(0,255,0);
const char ESC_KEY = 27;
for(int i = 0;;++i)
{
Mat view;
bool blinkOutput = false;
view = s.nextImage();
//----- If no more image, or got enough, then stop calibration and show result -------------
if( mode == CAPTURING && imagePoints.size() >= (unsigned)s.nrFrames )
{
if( runCalibrationAndSave(s, imageSize, cameraMatrix, distCoeffs, imagePoints))
mode = CALIBRATED;
else
mode = DETECTION;
}
if(view.empty()) // If no more images then run calibration, save and stop loop.
{
if( imagePoints.size() > 0 )
runCalibrationAndSave(s, imageSize, cameraMatrix, distCoeffs, imagePoints);
break;
}
imageSize = view.size(); // Format input image.
if( s.flipVertical ) flip( view, view, 0 );
vector<Point2f> pointBuf;
bool found;
switch( s.calibrationPattern ) // Find feature points on the input format
{
case Settings::CHESSBOARD:
found = findChessboardCorners( view, s.boardSize, pointBuf,
CV_CALIB_CB_ADAPTIVE_THRESH | CV_CALIB_CB_FAST_CHECK | CV_CALIB_CB_NORMALIZE_IMAGE);
break;
case Settings::CIRCLES_GRID:
found = findCirclesGrid( view, s.boardSize, pointBuf );
break;
case Settings::ASYMMETRIC_CIRCLES_GRID:
found = findCirclesGrid( view, s.boardSize, pointBuf, CALIB_CB_ASYMMETRIC_GRID );
break;
default:
found = false;
break;
}
if (found) // If done with success,
{
// improve the found corners' coordinate accuracy for chessboard
if( s.calibrationPattern == Settings::CHESSBOARD)
{
Mat viewGray;
cvtColor(view, viewGray, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
cornerSubPix( viewGray, pointBuf, Size(11,11),
Size(-1,-1), TermCriteria( CV_TERMCRIT_EPS+CV_TERMCRIT_ITER, 30, 0.1 ));
}
if( mode == CAPTURING && // For camera only take new samples after delay time
(!s.inputCapture.isOpened() || clock() - prevTimestamp > s.delay*1e-3*CLOCKS_PER_SEC) )
{
imagePoints.push_back(pointBuf);
prevTimestamp = clock();
blinkOutput = s.inputCapture.isOpened();
}
// Draw the corners.
drawChessboardCorners( view, s.boardSize, Mat(pointBuf), found );
}
//----------------------------- Output Text ------------------------------------------------
string msg = (mode == CAPTURING) ? "100/100" :
mode == CALIBRATED ? "Calibrated" : "Press 'g' to start";
int baseLine = 0;
Size textSize = getTextSize(msg, 1, 1, 1, &baseLine);
Point textOrigin(view.cols - 2*textSize.width - 10, view.rows - 2*baseLine - 10);
if( mode == CAPTURING )
{
if(s.showUndistorsed)
msg = format( "%d/%d Undist", (int)imagePoints.size(), s.nrFrames );
else
msg = format( "%d/%d", (int)imagePoints.size(), s.nrFrames );
}
putText( view, msg, textOrigin, 1, 1, mode == CALIBRATED ? GREEN : RED);
if( blinkOutput )
bitwise_not(view, view);
//------------------------- Video capture output undistorted ------------------------------
if( mode == CALIBRATED && s.showUndistorsed )
{
Mat temp = view.clone();
undistort(temp, view, cameraMatrix, distCoeffs);
}
//------------------------------ Show image and check for input commands -------------------
imshow("Image View", view);
char key = (char)waitKey(s.inputCapture.isOpened() ? 50 : s.delay);
if( key == ESC_KEY )
break;
if( key == 'u' && mode == CALIBRATED )
s.showUndistorsed = !s.showUndistorsed;
if( s.inputCapture.isOpened() && key == 'g' )
{
mode = CAPTURING;
imagePoints.clear();
}
}
// -----------------------Show and save the undistorted image for the image list ------------------------
if( s.inputType == Settings::IMAGE_LIST && s.showUndistorsed )
{
Mat view, rview, map1, map2;
initUndistortRectifyMap(cameraMatrix, distCoeffs, Mat(),
getOptimalNewCameraMatrix(cameraMatrix, distCoeffs, imageSize, 1, imageSize, 0),
imageSize, CV_16SC2, map1, map2);
for(int i = 0; i < (int)s.imageList.size(); i++ )
{
view = imread(s.imageList[i], 1);
if(view.empty())
continue;
remap(view, rview, map1, map2, INTER_LINEAR);
imshow("Image View", rview);
string imageName = format( "undistorted_%d.jpg", i);
imwrite(imageName,rview);
char c = (char)waitKey();
if( c == ESC_KEY || c == 'q' || c == 'Q' )
break;
}
}
return 0;
}
static double computeReprojectionErrors( const vector<vector<Point3f> >& objectPoints,
const vector<vector<Point2f> >& imagePoints,
const vector<Mat>& rvecs, const vector<Mat>& tvecs,
const Mat& cameraMatrix , const Mat& distCoeffs,
vector<float>& perViewErrors)
{
vector<Point2f> imagePoints2;
int i, totalPoints = 0;
double totalErr = 0, err;
perViewErrors.resize(objectPoints.size());
for( i = 0; i < (int)objectPoints.size(); ++i )
{
projectPoints( Mat(objectPoints[i]), rvecs[i], tvecs[i], cameraMatrix,
distCoeffs, imagePoints2);
err = norm(Mat(imagePoints[i]), Mat(imagePoints2), CV_L2);
int n = (int)objectPoints[i].size();
perViewErrors[i] = (float) std::sqrt(err*err/n);
totalErr += err*err;
totalPoints += n;
}
return std::sqrt(totalErr/totalPoints);
}
static void calcBoardCornerPositions(Size boardSize, float squareSize, vector<Point3f>& corners,
Settings::Pattern patternType /*= Settings::CHESSBOARD*/)
{
corners.clear();
switch(patternType)
{
case Settings::CHESSBOARD:
case Settings::CIRCLES_GRID:
for( int i = 0; i < boardSize.height; ++i )
for( int j = 0; j < boardSize.width; ++j )
corners.push_back(Point3f(float( j*squareSize ), float( i*squareSize ), 0));
break;
case Settings::ASYMMETRIC_CIRCLES_GRID:
for( int i = 0; i < boardSize.height; i++ )
for( int j = 0; j < boardSize.width; j++ )
corners.push_back(Point3f(float((2*j + i % 2)*squareSize), float(i*squareSize), 0));
break;
default:
break;
}
}
static bool runCalibration( Settings& s, Size& imageSize, Mat& cameraMatrix, Mat& distCoeffs,
vector<vector<Point2f> > imagePoints, vector<Mat>& rvecs, vector<Mat>& tvecs,
vector<float>& reprojErrs, double& totalAvgErr)
{
cameraMatrix = Mat::eye(3, 3, CV_64F);
if( s.flag & CV_CALIB_FIX_ASPECT_RATIO )
cameraMatrix.at<double>(0,0) = 1.0;
distCoeffs = Mat::zeros(8, 1, CV_64F);
vector<vector<Point3f> > objectPoints(1);
calcBoardCornerPositions(s.boardSize, s.squareSize, objectPoints[0], s.calibrationPattern);
objectPoints.resize(imagePoints.size(),objectPoints[0]);
//Find intrinsic and extrinsic camera parameters
double rms = calibrateCamera(objectPoints, imagePoints, imageSize, cameraMatrix,
distCoeffs, rvecs, tvecs, s.flag|CV_CALIB_FIX_K4|CV_CALIB_FIX_K5);
cout << "Re-projection error reported by calibrateCamera: "<< rms << endl;
bool ok = checkRange(cameraMatrix) && checkRange(distCoeffs);
totalAvgErr = computeReprojectionErrors(objectPoints, imagePoints,
rvecs, tvecs, cameraMatrix, distCoeffs, reprojErrs);
return ok;
}
// Print camera parameters to the output file
static void saveCameraParams( Settings& s, Size& imageSize, Mat& cameraMatrix, Mat& distCoeffs,
const vector<Mat>& rvecs, const vector<Mat>& tvecs,
const vector<float>& reprojErrs, const vector<vector<Point2f> >& imagePoints,
double totalAvgErr )
{
FileStorage fs( s.outputFileName, FileStorage::WRITE );
time_t tm;
time( &tm );
struct tm *t2 = localtime( &tm );
char buf[1024];
strftime( buf, sizeof(buf)-1, "%c", t2 );
fs << "calibration_Time" << buf;
if( !rvecs.empty() || !reprojErrs.empty() )
fs << "nrOfFrames" << (int)std::max(rvecs.size(), reprojErrs.size());
fs << "image_Width" << imageSize.width;
fs << "image_Height" << imageSize.height;
fs << "board_Width" << s.boardSize.width;
fs << "board_Height" << s.boardSize.height;
fs << "square_Size" << s.squareSize;
if( s.flag & CV_CALIB_FIX_ASPECT_RATIO )
fs << "FixAspectRatio" << s.aspectRatio;
if( s.flag )
{
sprintf( buf, "flags: %s%s%s%s",
s.flag & CV_CALIB_USE_INTRINSIC_GUESS ? " +use_intrinsic_guess" : "",
s.flag & CV_CALIB_FIX_ASPECT_RATIO ? " +fix_aspectRatio" : "",
s.flag & CV_CALIB_FIX_PRINCIPAL_POINT ? " +fix_principal_point" : "",
s.flag & CV_CALIB_ZERO_TANGENT_DIST ? " +zero_tangent_dist" : "" );
cvWriteComment( *fs, buf, 0 );
}
fs << "flagValue" << s.flag;
fs << "Camera_Matrix" << cameraMatrix;
fs << "Distortion_Coefficients" << distCoeffs;
fs << "Avg_Reprojection_Error" << totalAvgErr;
if( !reprojErrs.empty() )
fs << "Per_View_Reprojection_Errors" << Mat(reprojErrs);
if( !rvecs.empty() && !tvecs.empty() )
{
CV_Assert(rvecs[0].type() == tvecs[0].type());
Mat bigmat((int)rvecs.size(), 6, rvecs[0].type());
for( int i = 0; i < (int)rvecs.size(); i++ )
{
Mat r = bigmat(Range(i, i+1), Range(0,3));
Mat t = bigmat(Range(i, i+1), Range(3,6));
CV_Assert(rvecs[i].rows == 3 && rvecs[i].cols == 1);
CV_Assert(tvecs[i].rows == 3 && tvecs[i].cols == 1);
//*.t() is MatExpr (not Mat) so we can use assignment operator
r = rvecs[i].t();
t = tvecs[i].t();
}
cvWriteComment( *fs, "a set of 6-tuples (rotation vector + translation vector) for each view", 0 );
fs << "Extrinsic_Parameters" << bigmat;
}
if( !imagePoints.empty() )
{
Mat imagePtMat((int)imagePoints.size(), (int)imagePoints[0].size(), CV_32FC2);
for( int i = 0; i < (int)imagePoints.size(); i++ )
{
Mat r = imagePtMat.row(i).reshape(2, imagePtMat.cols);
Mat imgpti(imagePoints[i]);
imgpti.copyTo(r);
}
fs << "Image_points" << imagePtMat;
}
}
bool runCalibrationAndSave(Settings& s, Size imageSize, Mat& cameraMatrix, Mat& distCoeffs,vector<vector<Point2f> > imagePoints )
{
vector<Mat> rvecs, tvecs;
vector<float> reprojErrs;
double totalAvgErr = 0;
bool ok = runCalibration(s,imageSize, cameraMatrix, distCoeffs, imagePoints, rvecs, tvecs,
reprojErrs, totalAvgErr);
cout << (ok ? "Calibration succeeded" : "Calibration failed")
<< ". avg re projection error = " << totalAvgErr ;
if( ok )
saveCameraParams( s, imageSize, cameraMatrix, distCoeffs, rvecs ,tvecs, reprojErrs,
imagePoints, totalAvgErr);
return ok;
}
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<opencv_storage>
<Settings>
<!-- Number of inner corners per a item row and column. (square, circle) -->
<BoardSize_Width> 9</BoardSize_Width>
<BoardSize_Height>6</BoardSize_Height>
<!-- The size of a square in some user defined metric system (pixel, millimeter)-->
<Square_Size>50</Square_Size>
<!-- The type of input used for camera calibration. One of: CHESSBOARD CIRCLES_GRID ASYMMETRIC_CIRCLES_GRID -->
<Calibrate_Pattern>"CHESSBOARD"</Calibrate_Pattern>
<!-- The input to use for calibration.
To use an input camera -> give the ID of the camera, like "1"
To use an input video -> give the path of the input video, like "/tmp/x.avi"
To use an image list -> give the path to the XML or YAML file containing the list of the images, like "/tmp/circles_list.xml"
-->
<Input>"E:/wangyuchi/code/calibration/VID5/VID5.xml"</Input>
<!-- If true (non-zero) we flip the input images around the horizontal axis.-->
<Input_FlipAroundHorizontalAxis>0</Input_FlipAroundHorizontalAxis>
<!-- Time delay between frames in case of camera. -->
<Input_Delay>100</Input_Delay>
<!-- How many frames to use, for calibration. -->
<Calibrate_NrOfFrameToUse>25</Calibrate_NrOfFrameToUse>
<!-- Consider only fy as a free parameter, the ratio fx/fy stays the same as in the input cameraMatrix.
Use or not setting. 0 - False Non-Zero - True-->
<Calibrate_FixAspectRatio> 1 </Calibrate_FixAspectRatio>
<!-- If true (non-zero) tangential distortion coefficients are set to zeros and stay zero.-->
<Calibrate_AssumeZeroTangentialDistortion>1</Calibrate_AssumeZeroTangentialDistortion>
<!-- If true (non-zero) the principal point is not changed during the global optimization.-->
<Calibrate_FixPrincipalPointAtTheCenter> 1 </Calibrate_FixPrincipalPointAtTheCenter>
<!-- The name of the output log file. -->
<Write_outputFileName>"out_camera_data.xml"</Write_outputFileName>
<!-- If true (non-zero) we write to the output file the feature points.-->
<Write_DetectedFeaturePoints>1</Write_DetectedFeaturePoints>
<!-- If true (non-zero) we write to the output file the extrinsic camera parameters.-->
<Write_extrinsicParameters>1</Write_extrinsicParameters>
<!-- If true (non-zero) we show after calibration the undistorted images.-->
<Show_UndistortedImage>1</Show_UndistortedImage>
</Settings>
</opencv_storage>只修改了这一行，是VID5.xml的路径：
<Input>"E:/wangyuchi/code/calibration/VID5/VID5.xml"</Input><?xml version="1.0"?>
<opencv_storage>
<images>
E:/wangyuchi/code/calibration/VID5/2017.05.05/5.jpg
E:/wangyuchi/code/calibration/VID5/2017.05.05/6.jpg
E:/wangyuchi/code/calibration/VID5/2017.05.05/7.jpg
</images>
</opencv_storage>
以下是待标定的图片路径：
E:/wangyuchi/code/calibration/VID5/2017.05.05/5.jpg
E:/wangyuchi/code/calibration/VID5/2017.05.05/6.jpg
E:/wangyuchi/code/calibration/VID5/2017.05.05/7.jpg
工程目录下会生成一个out_camera_data.xml文件，里面记录摄像头标定的一些参数，以后可以直接使用。我们用它略去标定的步骤，直接校正摄像机，这样标定好一次就可以一直使用了。
6.校正
得到
out_camera_data.xml文件后，我们可以直接使用该配置文件进行校正。
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2/calib3d/calib3d.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
/**
* @主函数
*/
int main( int argc, char** argv )
{
/// 读取一副图片，不改变图片本身的颜色类型（该读取方式为DOS运行模式）
Mat src = imread( argv[1], 1 );
Mat distortion = src.clone();
Mat camera_matrix = Mat(3, 3, CV_32FC1);
Mat distortion_coefficients;
//导入相机内参和畸变系数矩阵
FileStorage file_storage("out_camera_data.xml", FileStorage::READ);
file_storage["Camera_Matrix"] >> camera_matrix;
file_storage["Distortion_Coefficients"] >> distortion_coefficients;
file_storage.release();
//矫正
undistort(src, distortion, camera_matrix, distortion_coefficients);
imshow("img", src);
imshow("undistort", distortion);
imwrite("undistort.jpg", distortion);
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}7.参考
1.
http://blog.csdn.net/qq_23845067/article/details/52105811
2.
http://blog.csdn.net/humanking7/article/details/45037239
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