《OpenGL超级宝典4》学习笔记——第五章(一)

 

加载矩阵：

        

glFloat m[] ={

};

glLoadMatrixf(GLfloat m);

 

着色：

void glColor<x><t>(red ,green ,blue , alpha);

其中<x>代表参数的数量3或4；<t>代表参数的数据类型。

 

环境光（ambient）：

散射光 (diffuse)：

镜面光 (specular)：

 

GLfloat ambientLight[] = { 0.3f , 0.3f ,0.3f , 1.0f };

GLfloat diffuseLight[] = {0.7f , 0.7f,0.7f, 1.0f };

GLfloat specularLight[] = {0.8f , 0.8f ,0.8f,1.0f };

 

glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);//启用光照

//设置并启用光照

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, ambientLight);

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE,diffuseLight );

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPECULAR, specularLight);

glEnable(GL_ LIGHT0);//启用光照

 

 

材料属性：

glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);//启用颜色追踪

glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT ,GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE); //设置颜色属性，与glColor值对应

 

镜面指数：

glMateriali( GL_FRONT , GL_SHININESS ,128);

SHININESS属性设置材料的镜面指数。镜面指数指定了镜面加亮的大小和集中性。如果它的值为0，表示未聚焦的镜面加亮，实际上就是整个多边形的颜色都均匀加亮。如果设置了这个值，可以缩小镜面加亮的范围，增加镜面加亮的集中程度，导致出现亮点。它的值越大，亮点就越明显。参数范围为1-128.

// LitJet.cpp
// OpenGL SuperBible
// Demonstrates OpenGL Lighting
// Program by Richard S. Wright Jr.

#include "../../shared/gltools.h"       // gltools library
#include "../../shared/math3d.h"        // 3D Math Library

// Rotation amounts
static GLfloat xRot = 0.0f;
static GLfloat yRot = 0.0f;


// Called to draw scene
void RenderScene(void)
{
	M3DVector3f vNormal;	// Storeage for calculated surface normal

	// Clear the window with current clearing color
	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

	// Save the matrix state and do the rotations
	glPushMatrix();
	glRotatef(xRot, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
	glRotatef(yRot, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);


	// Nose Cone - Points straight down
	// Set material color
	glColor3ub(128, 128, 128);
	glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);
	glNormal3f(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f);
	glNormal3f(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f);
	glVertex3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 60.0f);
	glVertex3f(-15.0f, 0.0f, 30.0f);
	glVertex3f(15.0f,0.0f,30.0f);


	// Verticies for this panel
	{
		M3DVector3f vPoints[3] = {{ 15.0f, 0.0f,  30.0f},
		{ 0.0f,  15.0f, 30.0f},
		{ 0.0f,  0.0f,  60.0f}};

		// Calculate the normal for the plane
		m3dFindNormal(vNormal, vPoints[0], vPoints[1], vPoints[2]);
		glNormal3fv(vNormal);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[0]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[1]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[2]);
	}	


	{
		M3DVector3f vPoints[3] = {{ 0.0f, 0.0f, 60.0f },
		{ 0.0f, 15.0f, 30.0f },
		{ -15.0f, 0.0f, 30.0f }};

		m3dFindNormal(vNormal, vPoints[0], vPoints[1], vPoints[2]);
		glNormal3fv(vNormal);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[0]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[1]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[2]);
	}


	// Body of the Plane 
	{
		M3DVector3f vPoints[3] = {{ -15.0f, 0.0f, 30.0f },
		{ 0.0f, 15.0f, 30.0f },
		{ 0.0f, 0.0f, -56.0f }};

		m3dFindNormal(vNormal, vPoints[0], vPoints[1], vPoints[2]);
		glNormal3fv(vNormal);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[0]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[1]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[2]);
	}

	{
		M3DVector3f vPoints[3] = {{ 0.0f, 0.0f, -56.0f },
		{ 0.0f, 15.0f, 30.0f },
		{ 15.0f,0.0f,30.0f }};

		m3dFindNormal(vNormal, vPoints[0], vPoints[1], vPoints[2]);
		glNormal3fv(vNormal);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[0]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[1]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[2]);
	}


	glNormal3f(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f);
	glVertex3f(15.0f,0.0f,30.0f);
	glVertex3f(-15.0f, 0.0f, 30.0f);
	glVertex3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -56.0f);

	///
	// Left wing
	// Large triangle for bottom of wing
	{
		M3DVector3f vPoints[3] = {{ 0.0f,2.0f,27.0f },
		{ -60.0f, 2.0f, -8.0f },
		{ 60.0f, 2.0f, -8.0f }};

		m3dFindNormal(vNormal, vPoints[0], vPoints[1], vPoints[2]);
		glNormal3fv(vNormal);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[0]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[1]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[2]);
	}


	{
		M3DVector3f vPoints[3] = {{ 60.0f, 2.0f, -8.0f},
		{0.0f, 7.0f, -8.0f},
		{0.0f,2.0f,27.0f }};

		m3dFindNormal(vNormal, vPoints[0], vPoints[1], vPoints[2]);
		glNormal3fv(vNormal);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[0]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[1]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[2]);
	}

	{
		M3DVector3f vPoints[3] = {{60.0f, 2.0f, -8.0f},
		{-60.0f, 2.0f, -8.0f},
		{0.0f,7.0f,-8.0f }};

		m3dFindNormal(vNormal, vPoints[0], vPoints[1], vPoints[2]);
		glNormal3fv(vNormal);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[0]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[1]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[2]);
	}

	{
		M3DVector3f vPoints[3] = {{0.0f,2.0f,27.0f},
		{0.0f, 7.0f, -8.0f},
		{-60.0f, 2.0f, -8.0f}};

		m3dFindNormal(vNormal, vPoints[0], vPoints[1], vPoints[2]);
		glNormal3fv(vNormal);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[0]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[1]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[2]);
	}


	// Tail section///
	// Bottom of back fin
	glNormal3f(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f);
	glVertex3f(-30.0f, -0.50f, -57.0f);
	glVertex3f(30.0f, -0.50f, -57.0f);
	glVertex3f(0.0f,-0.50f,-40.0f);

	{
		M3DVector3f vPoints[3] = {{ 0.0f,-0.5f,-40.0f },
		{30.0f, -0.5f, -57.0f},
		{0.0f, 4.0f, -57.0f }};

		m3dFindNormal(vNormal, vPoints[0], vPoints[1], vPoints[2]);
		glNormal3fv(vNormal);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[0]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[1]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[2]);
	}


	{
		M3DVector3f vPoints[3] = {{ 0.0f, 4.0f, -57.0f },
		{ -30.0f, -0.5f, -57.0f },
		{ 0.0f,-0.5f,-40.0f }};

		m3dFindNormal(vNormal, vPoints[0], vPoints[1], vPoints[2]);
		glNormal3fv(vNormal);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[0]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[1]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[2]);
	}

	{
		M3DVector3f vPoints[3] = {{ 30.0f,-0.5f,-57.0f },
		{ -30.0f, -0.5f, -57.0f },
		{ 0.0f, 4.0f, -57.0f }};

		m3dFindNormal(vNormal, vPoints[0], vPoints[1], vPoints[2]);
		glNormal3fv(vNormal);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[0]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[1]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[2]);
	}

	{
		M3DVector3f vPoints[3] = {{ 0.0f,0.5f,-40.0f },
		{ 3.0f, 0.5f, -57.0f },
		{ 0.0f, 25.0f, -65.0f }};

		m3dFindNormal(vNormal, vPoints[0], vPoints[1], vPoints[2]);
		glNormal3fv(vNormal);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[0]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[1]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[2]);
	}


	{
		M3DVector3f vPoints[3] = {{ 0.0f, 25.0f, -65.0f },
		{ -3.0f, 0.5f, -57.0f},
		{ 0.0f,0.5f,-40.0f }};

		m3dFindNormal(vNormal, vPoints[0], vPoints[1], vPoints[2]);
		glNormal3fv(vNormal);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[0]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[1]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[2]);
	}

	{
		M3DVector3f vPoints[3] = {{ 3.0f,0.5f,-57.0f },
		{ -3.0f, 0.5f, -57.0f },
		{ 0.0f, 25.0f, -65.0f }};

		m3dFindNormal(vNormal, vPoints[0], vPoints[1], vPoints[2]);
		glNormal3fv(vNormal);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[0]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[1]);
		glVertex3fv(vPoints[2]);
	}


	glEnd();

	// Restore the matrix state
	glPopMatrix();
	// Display the results
	glutSwapBuffers();
}

// This function does any needed initialization on the rendering
// context. 
void SetupRC()
{
	// Light values and coordinates
	GLfloat  ambientLight[] = { 0.3f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f };
	GLfloat  diffuseLight[] = { 0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f, 1.0f };

	glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);	// Hidden surface removal
	glFrontFace(GL_CCW);		// Counter clock-wise polygons face out
	glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);		// Do not calculate inside of jet

	// Enable lighting
	glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);

	// Setup and enable light 0
	glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_AMBIENT,ambientLight);
	glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_DIFFUSE,diffuseLight);
	glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);

	// Enable color tracking
	glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);

	// Set Material properties to follow glColor values
	glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE);

	// Light blue background
	glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f );

	glEnable(GL_NORMALIZE);
}

/
// Handle arrow keys
void SpecialKeys(int key, int x, int y)
{
	if(key == GLUT_KEY_UP)
		xRot-= 5.0f;

	if(key == GLUT_KEY_DOWN)
		xRot += 5.0f;

	if(key == GLUT_KEY_LEFT)
		yRot -= 5.0f;

	if(key == GLUT_KEY_RIGHT)
		yRot += 5.0f;

	if(key > 356.0f)
		xRot = 0.0f;

	if(key < -1.0f)
		xRot = 355.0f;

	if(key > 356.0f)
		yRot = 0.0f;

	if(key < -1.0f)
		yRot = 355.0f;

	// Refresh the Window
	glutPostRedisplay();
}


//
// Reset projection and light position
void ChangeSize(int w, int h)
{
	GLfloat fAspect;
	GLfloat lightPos[] = { -50.f, 50.0f, 100.0f, 1.0f };

	// Prevent a divide by zero
	if(h == 0)
		h = 1;

	// Set Viewport to window dimensions
	glViewport(0, 0, w, h);

	// Reset coordinate system
	glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
	glLoadIdentity();

	fAspect = (GLfloat) w / (GLfloat) h;
	gluPerspective(45.0f, fAspect, 1.0f, 225.0f);

	glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
	glLoadIdentity();

	glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,lightPos);
	glTranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, -150.0f);
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	glutInit(&argc, argv);
	glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH);
	glutInitWindowSize(800,600);
	glutCreateWindow("Lighted Jet");
	glutReshapeFunc(ChangeSize);
	glutSpecialFunc(SpecialKeys);
	glutDisplayFunc(RenderScene);
	SetupRC();
	glutMainLoop();

	return 0;
}