Chapter 4: Strings

*Unicode. It defines the character set mapping that almost all computers use today.

The number associated with each character is called a code point.

*The Character data type can store a single character. For example:

let characterA: Character = "a"

*Interpolation is a special Swift syntax that lets you build a string in a way that's easy to read:

let name1 = "Matt"

let message1 = "Hello my name is \(name)!" // "Hello my name is Matt!"

*You saw the single character, code point 233, earlier in this chapter. The two-character case is an e on its own followed by an acute accent combining character, which is a special characters that modifies the previous character.

In Swift, you can compare strings using the standard equality operator, ==, inexactly the same way as you compare numbers.

The combination of these two characters in the second diagram forms what is known as a grapheme cluster.

It doesn't matter which way it does the canonicalization--using the single character or using the combining character--as long as both strings get converted to the same style. Once the canonicalization is complete, Swift can compare individual characters to check for equality.