C++实现策略模式的2种方法——多态、类模板

方法1：利用多态实现策略模式

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Strategy
{
public:
    virtual void fun() = 0;
};

class StrategyA : public Strategy
{
public:
    virtual void fun()
    {
        cout << "StrategyA" << endl;
    }
};

class StrategyB : public Strategy
{
public:
    virtual void fun()
    {
        cout << "StrategyB" << endl;
    }
};

class Context
{
public:
    //注意：抽象类不能实例化，所以声明为引用。可以将子类对象传递给抽象类引用。
    Context(Strategy &strtgy)
    {
        this->strtgy = &strtgy;
    }
    void operation()
    {
        strtgy->fun();
    }
private:
    Strategy *strtgy;
};

void main()
{
    StrategyA strtgy1;
    Context cntxt1(strtgy1);
    cntxt1.operation();

    StrategyB strtgy2;
    Context cntxt2(strtgy2);
    cntxt2.operation();

    system("pause");
}

程序运行结果：

方法2：利用类模板实现策略模式

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class StrategyA
{
public:
    void fun()
    {
        cout << "StrategyA" << endl;
    }
};

class StrategyB
{
public:
    void fun()
    {
        cout << "StrategyB" << endl;
    }
};

template<class Strategy>
class Context
{
public:
    void operation()
    {
        strtgy.fun();
    }
private:
    Strategy strtgy;
};

void main()
{
    Context<StrategyA> cntxt1;
    cntxt1.operation();

    Context<StrategyB> cntxt2;
    cntxt2.operation();

    system("pause");
}

程序运行结果：