linux安装mysql数据库

1.需要准备mysql安装包（例如 mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz）

下载地址：

https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

--------------------------------------------------------一下操作使用root账号----------------------------------------------------------

2.创建用户
    useradd   mysql
    passwd    mysql

3.创建目录

mkdir -p /mysql/{data,tmp,binlog}

4.上传安装包到上一步的mysql中并解压

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

5.创建服务

    cd /mysql/mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64
    cp support-file/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld   --服务
    chkconfig --add mysqld
    chkconfig --list|grep mysqld     --检查

6.修改环境变量
    ln -s /mysql/mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql       
    echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/" >>/etc/profile
    source /etc/profile

7.创建一个配置文件：vi /etc/my.cnf  原有的my.cnf可以删掉，没人用的话。

#innodb_buffer_pool_size根据内存情况做下调整，如果是mysql专用服务器，数值大约为总内存70%-80%
#innodb_log_file_size 可以根据磁盘大小做下调整 512M，1G或者2G
#innodb_log_files_in_group 可以根据磁盘大小做调整4,6,8等
#
[client]
port	= 3306
socket	= /mysql/data/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8mb4

[mysql]
prompt="\u@mysqldb \R:\m:\s [\d]> "
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set=utf8mb4

[mysqld]
user	= mysql
port	= 3306
basedir	= /mysql/mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/
datadir	= /mysql/data/
socket	= /mysql/data/mysql.sock
tmpdir =	/mysql/tmp/
pid-file = mysqldb.pid
character-set-server = utf8mb4
skip_name_resolve = 1
open_files_limit    = 65535
back_log = 1024
max_connections = 512
max_connect_errors = 1000000
table_open_cache = 1024
table_definition_cache = 1024
table_open_cache_instances = 64
thread_stack = 512K
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 4M
join_buffer_size = 4M
thread_cache_size = 768
query_cache_size = 0
query_cache_type = 0
interactive_timeout = 600
wait_timeout = 600
tmp_table_size = 32M
max_heap_table_size = 32M
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /mysql/data/slow.log
log-error = /mysql/data/error.log
long_query_time = 1
server-id = 1
log-bin = /mysql/binlog/binlog
sync_binlog = 1
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_cache_size = 2G
max_binlog_size = 1G
expire_logs_days = 4
master_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
gtid_mode = on
enforce_gtid_consistency = 1
log_slave_updates
binlog_format = row
relay_log_recovery = 1
relay-log-purge = 1
key_buffer_size = 32M
read_buffer_size = 8M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
lock_wait_timeout = 3600
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_sync_spin_loops = 100
innodb_spin_wait_delay = 30

transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 4G
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend
innodb_temp_data_file_path = ibtmp1:12M:autoextend:max:100G
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 32M
innodb_log_file_size = 1G
innodb_log_files_in_group = 6
innodb_max_undo_log_size = 4G

innodb_io_capacity = 10000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 20000

innodb_write_io_threads = 8
innodb_read_io_threads = 8
innodb_purge_threads = 4
innodb_page_cleaners = 4
innodb_open_files = 65535
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_lru_scan_depth = 4000
innodb_checksum_algorithm = crc32
innodb_file_format = Barracuda
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 10
innodb_rollback_on_timeout = 1
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 4G
internal_tmp_disk_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_status_output_locks = 1
innodb_stats_on_metadata = 0
lower_case_table_names=1

performance_schema = 1
performance_schema_instrument = '%=on'

innodb_monitor_enable="module_innodb"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_server"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_dml"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_ddl"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_trx"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_os"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_purge"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_log"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_lock"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_buffer"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_index"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_ibuf_system"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_buffer_page"
innodb_monitor_enable="module_adaptive_hash"

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M

修改vim /etc/security/limit.conf文件
mysql       soft    nofile  65535
mysql       hard    nofile  65535

8.修改权限：
    chown mysql:mysql /mysql/
    chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf

9.初始化
    cd /mysql/mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/
    ./bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf  --initialize 这个my.cnf需要提前配置好。

10.启动 & 关闭
    service mysqld start
    service mysqld stop
    如果上面命令无法启动，使用如下命令：
    启动：mysqld_safe &
    关闭：mysqladmin -uroot -pmysql shutdown

11.登录之后首先修改密码：mysql -uroot -p    密码在/mysql/data/error.log里面
    set password=password('g2u6d5c4');
    update mysql.user set host='%' where user='root';
    flush privileges;

12.创建用户和database
创建database：create database fsmsdb;
创建用户并赋权：grant all on fsmsdb.* to zhanghao@'%' identified by "111111";