HDU_2131Probability

Mickey is interested in probability recently. One day , he played a game which is about probability with mini.First mickey gives a letter and a word to mini.Then mini calculate the probability that the letter appears in the word.For example,give you the letter "a" and the word "apple". the probability of this case is 0.20000.

 

Input

The input contains several test cases. Each test case consists of a letter and a word.The length of the word is no longer than 200.

 

Output

For each test case, print the probability rounded to five digits after the decimal point.

 

Sample Input

  
  

   
   a apple
c Candy
a banana
  
  

 

Sample Output

  
  

   
   0.20000
0.20000
0.50000
  
  

  代码：

    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<math.h>
    #include<string.h>
    #include<algorithm>
    #include<ctype.h>
    using namespace std;
    int main()
    {
        int i,len;
        char a[201],b;
        double n;
        while(scanf("%c %s",&b,a)!=EOF){
            len=strlen(a);
              n=0;
            for(i=0;i<len;i++){
                if(tolower(b)==tolower(a[i]))
                    n++;
            }
            printf("%.5lf\n",n/len);
            getchar();
        }
        return 0;
    }

思路解析：
无论"b"是大小写的字母，“a”中的任意一个“b”是大小写，只要有就加一；
所以把“a”和“b”都转化成一种形式(代码转化为了小写形式，也可以是大写形式)，便于处理。

功 能: 把字符转换成小写字母,非字母字符不做出处理

头文件：在VC6.0可以是ctype.h或者stdlib.h，常用ctype.h

用 法: int tolower(int c);

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <ctype.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    string str= "PROBABILITY";
    for (int i=0; i < str.size(); i++)
       str[i] = tolower(str[i]);
    cout<<str<<endl;
    return 0;
}

输出：probability