startService过程

在Activity中执行 startService(new Intent(this, MyService.class))，

双击进入发现进入了ContextWrapper的startService方法里面

//ContextWrapper.java

@Override
public ComponentName startService(Intent service) {
    return mBase.startService(service);
}

mBase是什么呢？

ContextWrapper类中有两个地方给mBase赋值

//ContextWrapper.java

public ContextWrapper(Context base) {
    mBase = base;
}

/**
 * Set the base context for this ContextWrapper.  All calls will then be
 * delegated to the base context.  Throws
 * IllegalStateException if a base context has already been set.
 * 
 * @param base The new base context for this wrapper.
 */
protected void attachBaseContext(Context base) {
    if (mBase != null) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("Base context already set");
    }
    mBase = base;
}

从startActivity说起一文中提到，在ActivityThread类的performLaunchActivity方法中有去给activity传递context，attach方法中去将context传递给了attachBaseContext，最后根据继承关系最终赋值给了ContextWrapper类的attachBaseContext方法。

//ActivityThread.java
 

/**  Core implementation of activity launch. */
    private Activity performLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent) {
        ……

        ContextImpl appContext = createBaseContextForActivity(r);
        Activity activity = null;
        try {
            java.lang.ClassLoader cl = appContext.getClassLoader();
            activity = mInstrumentation.newActivity(
                    cl, component.getClassName(), r.intent);
            StrictMode.incrementExpectedActivityCount(activity.getClass());
            r.intent.setExtrasClassLoader(cl);
            r.intent.prepareToEnterProcess();
            if (r.state != null) {
                r.state.setClassLoader(cl);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            if (!mInstrumentation.onException(activity, e)) {
                throw new RuntimeException(
                    "Unable to instantiate activity " + component
                    + ": " + e.toString(), e);
            }
        }

        try {
            Application app = r.packageInfo.makeApplication(false, mInstrumentation);

            if (localLOGV) Slog.v(TAG, "Performing launch of " + r);
            if (localLOGV) Slog.v(
                    TAG, r + ": app=" + app
                    + ", appName=" + app.getPackageName()
                    + ", pkg=" + r.packageInfo.getPackageName()
                    + ", comp=" + r.intent.getComponent().toShortString()
                    + ", dir=" + r.packageInfo.getAppDir());

            if (activity != null) {
                CharSequence title = r.activityInfo.loadLabel(appContext.getPackageManager());
                Configuration config = new Configuration(mCompatConfiguration);
                if (r.overrideConfig != null) {
                    config.updateFrom(r.overrideConfig);
                }
                if (DEBUG_CONFIGURATION) Slog.v(TAG, "Launching activity "
                        + r.activityInfo.name + " with config " + config);
                Window window = null;
                if (r.mPendingRemoveWindow != null && r.mPreserveWindow) {
                    window = r.mPendingRemoveWindow;
                    r.mPendingRemoveWindow = null;
                    r.mPendingRemoveWindowManager = null;
                }
                appContext.setOuterContext(activity);
                activity.attach(appContext, this, getInstrumentation(), r.token,
                        r.ident, app, r.intent, r.activityInfo, title, r.parent,
                        r.embeddedID, r.lastNonConfigurationInstances, config,
                        r.referrer, r.voiceInteractor, window, r.configCallback);  //传递appContext
……

        return activity;
    }

知道了mBase的来源了，那么mBase到底是如何创建的呢？这就要看下ActivityThread类的createBaseContextForActivity方法了，然后调用ContextImpl类的createActivityContext方法，再继续追踪，原来这个context就是一个ContextImpl实例。

//ActivityThread.java
 
private ContextImpl createBaseContextForActivity(ActivityClientRecord r) {
    final int displayId;
    try {
        displayId = ActivityManager.getService().getActivityDisplayId(r.token);
    } catch (RemoteException e) {
        throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
    }

    ContextImpl appContext = ContextImpl.createActivityContext(
            this, r.packageInfo, r.activityInfo, r.token, displayId, r.overrideConfig);

    final DisplayManagerGlobal dm = DisplayManagerGlobal.getInstance();
    // For debugging purposes, if the activity's package name contains the value of
    // the "debug.use-second-display" system property as a substring, then show
    // its content on a secondary display if there is one.
    String pkgName = SystemProperties.get("debug.second-display.pkg");
    if (pkgName != null && !pkgName.isEmpty()
            && r.packageInfo.mPackageName.contains(pkgName)) {
        for (int id : dm.getDisplayIds()) {
            if (id != Display.DEFAULT_DISPLAY) {
                Display display =
                        dm.getCompatibleDisplay(id, appContext.getResources());
                appContext = (ContextImpl) appContext.createDisplayContext(display);
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    return appContext;
}

看下ContextImpl类的startService方法里面调用了startServiceCommon方法，然后跨进程调用了AMS的startService方法。

//ContextImpl.java

@Override
public ComponentName startService(Intent service) {
    warnIfCallingFromSystemProcess();
    return startServiceCommon(service, false, mUser);
}
    private ComponentName startServiceCommon(Intent service, boolean requireForeground,
            UserHandle user) {
        try {
            validateServiceIntent(service);
            service.prepareToLeaveProcess(this);
            ComponentName cn = ActivityManager.getService().startService(
                mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), service, service.resolveTypeIfNeeded(
                            getContentResolver()), requireForeground,
                            getOpPackageName(), user.getIdentifier());
            if (cn != null) {
                if (cn.getPackageName().equals("!")) {
                    throw new SecurityException(
                            "Not allowed to start service " + service
                            + " without permission " + cn.getClassName());
                } else if (cn.getPackageName().equals("!!")) {
                    throw new SecurityException(
                            "Unable to start service " + service
                            + ": " + cn.getClassName());
                } else if (cn.getPackageName().equals("?")) {
                    throw new IllegalStateException(
                            "Not allowed to start service " + service + ": " + cn.getClassName());
                }
            }
            return cn;
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

AMS的startService方法调用了ActiveServices类的startServiceLocked方法

//ActivityManagerService.java 

@Override
    public ComponentName startService(IApplicationThread caller, Intent service,
            String resolvedType, boolean requireForeground, String callingPackage, int userId)
            throws TransactionTooLargeException {
        ……
        synchronized(this) {
            final int callingPid = Binder.getCallingPid();
            final int callingUid = Binder.getCallingUid();
            final long origId = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
            ComponentName res;
            try {
                res = mServices.startServiceLocked(caller, service,
                        resolvedType, callingPid, callingUid,
                        requireForeground, callingPackage, userId);
            } finally {
                Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(origId);
            }
            return res;
        }
    }

startServiceLocked方法方法调用了startServiceInnerLocked方法，接着调用bringUpServiceLocked方法，然后调用realStartServiceLocked方法切换到ActivityThread类的scheduleCreateService方法。

  //ActiveServices.java
private final void realStartServiceLocked(ServiceRecord r,
            ProcessRecord app, boolean execInFg) throws RemoteException {
……
            app.thread.scheduleCreateService(r, r.serviceInfo,
                    mAm.compatibilityInfoForPackageLocked(r.serviceInfo.applicationInfo),
                    app.repProcState);
……
    }




//ActivityThread.java

public final void scheduleCreateService(IBinder token,
        ServiceInfo info, CompatibilityInfo compatInfo, int processState) {
    updateProcessState(processState, false);
    CreateServiceData s = new CreateServiceData();
    s.token = token;
    s.info = info;
    s.compatInfo = compatInfo;

    sendMessage(H.CREATE_SERVICE, s);
}

通过handler来创建service,在handleCreateService方法中创建service的onCreate方法

//ActivityThread.java


case CREATE_SERVICE:
    Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, ("serviceCreate: " + String.valueOf(msg.obj)));
    handleCreateService((CreateServiceData)msg.obj);
    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
    break;

private void handleCreateService(CreateServiceData data) {
    // If we are getting ready to gc after going to the background, well
    // we are back active so skip it.
    unscheduleGcIdler();

    LoadedApk packageInfo = getPackageInfoNoCheck(
            data.info.applicationInfo, data.compatInfo);
    Service service = null;
    try {
        java.lang.ClassLoader cl = packageInfo.getClassLoader();
        service = packageInfo.getAppFactory()
                .instantiateService(cl, data.info.name, data.intent);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        if (!mInstrumentation.onException(service, e)) {
            throw new RuntimeException(
                "Unable to instantiate service " + data.info.name
                + ": " + e.toString(), e);
        }
    }

    try {
        if (localLOGV) Slog.v(TAG, "Creating service " + data.info.name);

        ContextImpl context = ContextImpl.createAppContext(this, packageInfo);
        context.setOuterContext(service);

        Application app = packageInfo.makeApplication(false, mInstrumentation);//创建Application
        service.attach(context, this, data.info.name, data.token, app,
                ActivityManager.getService());
        service.onCreate();
        mServices.put(data.token, service);
        try {
            ActivityManager.getService().serviceDoneExecuting(
                    data.token, SERVICE_DONE_EXECUTING_ANON, 0, 0);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        if (!mInstrumentation.onException(service, e)) {
            throw new RuntimeException(
                "Unable to create service " + data.info.name
                + ": " + e.toString(), e);
        }
    }
}


    public Application makeApplication(boolean forceDefaultAppClass,
            Instrumentation instrumentation) {
        if (mApplication != null) {
            return mApplication;
        }

        Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "makeApplication");

        Application app = null;

        String appClass = mApplicationInfo.className;
        if (forceDefaultAppClass || (appClass == null)) {
            appClass = "android.app.Application";
        }

        try {
            java.lang.ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader();
            if (!mPackageName.equals("android")) {
                Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER,
                        "initializeJavaContextClassLoader");
                initializeJavaContextClassLoader();
                Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
            }
            ContextImpl appContext = ContextImpl.createAppContext(mActivityThread, this);
            app = mActivityThread.mInstrumentation.newApplication(
                    cl, appClass, appContext);
            appContext.setOuterContext(app);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            if (!mActivityThread.mInstrumentation.onException(app, e)) {
                Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                throw new RuntimeException(
                    "Unable to instantiate application " + appClass
                    + ": " + e.toString(), e);
            }
        }
        mActivityThread.mAllApplications.add(app);
        mApplication = app;

        if (instrumentation != null) {
            try {
                instrumentation.callApplicationOnCreate(app);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                if (!instrumentation.onException(app, e)) {
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
                    throw new RuntimeException(
                        "Unable to create application " + app.getClass().getName()
                        + ": " + e.toString(), e);
                }
            }
        }

        // Rewrite the R 'constants' for all library apks.
        SparseArray<String> packageIdentifiers = getAssets().getAssignedPackageIdentifiers();
        final int N = packageIdentifiers.size();
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            final int id = packageIdentifiers.keyAt(i);
            if (id == 0x01 || id == 0x7f) {
                continue;
            }

            rewriteRValues(getClassLoader(), packageIdentifiers.valueAt(i), id);
        }

        Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);

        return app;
    }