Shape Drawable解析

shape主要有四种，分别为矩形，椭圆形，线条，环。

android:shape=["rectangle" | "oval" | "line" | "ring"] >

标签介绍

在example.xml所有标签中，以下标签只属于ring

属性	说明
android:innerRadius	内圈半径
android:innerRadiusRatio	可以根据它得出环的内圈半径，公式为innerRadius=width/innerRadiusRatio
android:thickness	环的厚度
android:thicknessRatio	可以根据它得出环的厚度,公式为thickness=width/thicknessRatio
android:useLevel	如果当做是LevelListDrawable使用时值为true，否则为false.

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接下来介绍其他的标签及属性

<corners
        android:radius="integer"
        android:topLeftRadius="integer"
        android:topRightRadius="integer"
        android:bottomLeftRadius="integer"
        android:bottomRightRadius="integer" />

属性	说明
android:radius	所有圆角半径
android:topLeftRadius	左上角圆角半径
android:topRightRadius	右上角圆角半径
android:bottomLeftRadius	左下角圆角半径
android:bottomRightRadius	右下角圆角半径

---

<gradient
        android:angle="integer"
        android:centerX="integer"
        android:centerY="integer"
        android:centerColor="integer"
        android:endColor="color"
        android:gradientRadius="integer"
        android:startColor="color"
        android:type=["linear" | "radial" | "sweep"]
        android:useLevel=["true" | "false"] />

属性	说明
android:angle	颜色渐变方向，0为从左向右，90为从下到上（逆时针方向变化）
android:centerX	水平方向渐变中间颜色所在位置
android:centerY	垂直方向渐变中间颜色所在位置
android:centerColor	颜色渐变开始到结束中间颜色值
android:endColor	渐变结束的颜色值
android:gradientRadius	颜色渐变半径，只有android:type=”radial”才可以使用
android:startColor	渐变开始的颜色值
android:type=[“linear”,”radial”,”sweep”]	渐变的方式，分为线性、放射、扫描三种。
android:useLevel=[“true”,”false”]	是否被当作LevelListDrawable

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<size
        android:width="integer"
        android:height="integer" />

属性	说明
android:width	shap的宽度设置
android:height	shape的高度设置

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<solid
        android:color="color" />

属性	说明
android:color	shape颜色值

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 <stroke
        android:width="integer"
        android:color="color"
        android:dashWidth="integer"
        android:dashGap="integer" />

属性	说明
android:width	划线的宽度（粗细）
android:color	划线的颜色
android:dashWidth	破折线的长度
android:dashGap	破折线之间的空隙长度

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注意：
1. shape = “line”时,padding标签中的android:left,android:right会失效。
2. 使用shape=”line”绘制虚线，由于android4.0默认打开了自动加速，会导致绘制失效，显示实线。

解决办法就是关闭自动加速。一种方式为在AndroidManifest.xml中Activity标签中添加 android:hardwareAccelerated=”false”一种在java代码中调用view.setLayerType(View.LAYER_TYPE_SOFTWARE, null);取消硬件加速导致的新问题，在使用过程中发现自定义样式的progressdialog显示会变形。

以下是Android开发文档中的内容

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Shape Drawable

This is a generic shape defined in XML.

file location:

res/drawable/filename.xml
The filename is used as the resource ID.

compiled resource datatype:

Resource pointer to a GradientDrawable.

resource reference:

In Java: R.drawable.filename
In XML: @[package:]drawable/filename

syntax:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:shape=["rectangle" | "oval" | "line" | "ring"] >
    <corners
        android:radius="integer"
        android:topLeftRadius="integer"
        android:topRightRadius="integer"
        android:bottomLeftRadius="integer"
        android:bottomRightRadius="integer" />
    <gradient
        android:angle="integer"
        android:centerX="integer"
        android:centerY="integer"
        android:centerColor="integer"
        android:endColor="color"
        android:gradientRadius="integer"
        android:startColor="color"
        android:type=["linear" | "radial" | "sweep"]
        android:useLevel=["true" | "false"] />
    <padding
        android:left="integer"
        android:top="integer"
        android:right="integer"
        android:bottom="integer" />
    <size
        android:width="integer"
        android:height="integer" />
    <solid
        android:color="color" />
    <stroke
        android:width="integer"
        android:color="color"
        android:dashWidth="integer"
        android:dashGap="integer" />
</shape>

elements:

<shape>

The shape drawable. This must be the root element.

attributes:

xmlns:android

String. Required. Defines the XML namespace, which must be "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android".

android:shape

Keyword. Defines the type of shape. Valid values are:

Value	Desciption
"rectangle"	A rectangle that fills the containing View. This is the default shape.
"oval"	An oval shape that fits the dimensions of the containing View.
"line"	A horizontal line that spans the width of the containing View. This shape requires the <stroke> element to define the width of the line.
"ring"	A ring shape.

The following attributes are used only when android:shape="ring":

android:innerRadius

Dimension. The radius for the inner part of the ring (the hole in the middle), as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:innerRadiusRatio

Float. The radius for the inner part of the ring, expressed as a ratio of the ring’s width. For instance, if android:innerRadiusRatio="5", then the inner radius equals the ring’s width divided by 5. This value is overridden by android:innerRadius. Default value is 9.

android:thickness

Dimension. The thickness of the ring, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:thicknessRatio

Float. The thickness of the ring, expressed as a ratio of the ring’s width. For instance, if android:thicknessRatio="2", then the thickness equals the ring’s width divided by 2. This value is overridden by android:innerRadius. Default value is 3.

android:useLevel

Boolean. “true” if this is used as a LevelListDrawable. This should normally be “false” or your shape may not appear.

<corners>

Creates rounded corners for the shape. Applies only when the shape is a rectangle.

attributes:

android:radius

Dimension. The radius for all corners, as a dimension value or dimension resource. This is overridden for each corner by the following attributes.

android:topLeftRadius

Dimension. The radius for the top-left corner, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:topRightRadius

Dimension. The radius for the top-right corner, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:bottomLeftRadius

Dimension. The radius for the bottom-left corner, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:bottomRightRadius

Dimension. The radius for the bottom-right corner, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

Note: Every corner must (initially) be provided a corner radius greater than 1, or else no corners are rounded. If you want specific corners to not be rounded, a work-around is to use android:radius to set a default corner radius greater than 1, but then override each and every corner with the values you really want, providing zero (“0dp”) where you don’t want rounded corners.

<gradient>

Specifies a gradient color for the shape.

attributes:

android:angle

Integer. The angle for the gradient, in degrees. 0 is left to right, 90 is bottom to top. It must be a multiple of 45. Default is 0.

android:centerX

Float. The relative X-position for the center of the gradient (0 - 1.0).

android:centerY

Float. The relative Y-position for the center of the gradient (0 - 1.0).

android:centerColor

Color. Optional color that comes between the start and end colors, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.

android:endColor

Color. The ending color, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.

android:gradientRadius

Float. The radius for the gradient. Only applied when android:type="radial".

android:startColor

Color. The starting color, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.

android:type

Keyword. The type of gradient pattern to apply. Valid values are:

Value	Description
"linear"	A linear gradient. This is the default.
"radial"	A radial gradient. The start color is the center color.
"sweep"	A sweeping line gradient.

android:useLevel

Boolean. “true” if this is used as a LevelListDrawable.

<padding>

Padding to apply to the containing View element (this pads the position of the View content, not the shape).

attributes:

android:left

Dimension. Left padding, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:top

Dimension. Top padding, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:right

Dimension. Right padding, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:bottom

Dimension. Bottom padding, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

<size>

The size of the shape.

attributes:

android:height

Dimension. The height of the shape, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:width

Dimension. The width of the shape, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

Note: The shape scales to the size of the container View proportionate to the dimensions defined here, by default. When you use the shape in an ImageView, you can restrict scaling by setting the android:scaleType to "center".

<solid>

A solid color to fill the shape.

attributes:

android:color

Color. The color to apply to the shape, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.

<stroke>

A stroke line for the shape.

attributes:

android:width

Dimension. The thickness of the line, as a dimension value or dimension resource.

android:color

Color. The color of the line, as a hexadecimal value or color resource.

android:dashGap

Dimension. The distance between line dashes, as a dimension value or dimension resource. Only valid if android:dashWidth is set.

android:dashWidth

Dimension. The size of each dash line, as a dimension value or dimension resource. Only valid if android:dashGap is set.

example:

XML file saved at res/drawable/gradient_box.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:shape="rectangle">
    <gradient
        android:startColor="#FFFF0000"
        android:endColor="#80FF00FF"
        android:angle="45"/>
    <padding android:left="7dp"
        android:top="7dp"
        android:right="7dp"
        android:bottom="7dp" />
    <corners android:radius="8dp" />
</shape>

<p>This layout XML applies the shape drawable to a View:</p>

<TextView
    android:background="@drawable/gradient_box"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content" />

<p>This application code gets the shape drawable and applies it to a View:</p>

Resources res = getResources();
Drawable shape = res. getDrawable(R.drawable.gradient_box);

TextView tv = (TextView)findViewByID(R.id.textview);
tv.setBackground(shape);