在activity中调用service中的函数

不多说，直接上代码，博客最后有总结。
MainActivity.java

package com.xxx.xxx.validatedemo;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.xxx.xxx.validatedemo.services.MyService;
import com.xxx.xxx.validatedemo.services.RemoteService;

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener
{
    MyService myService;
    IMyRemoteInterface myRemoteInterface;
    ServiceConnection conn,remoteConn;
    Button button,button2;
    TextView textView,textview2;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        button = findViewById(R.id.button);
        button.setOnClickListener(this);
        button2=findViewById(R.id.button2);
        button2.setOnClickListener(this);
        textView=findViewById(R.id.text12);
        textview2=findViewById(R.id.text13);

        Intent serviceIntent = new Intent(this, MyService.class);
        conn = new ServiceConnection()
        {
            @Override
            public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service)
            {
                MyService.MyBinder binder = (MyService.MyBinder) service;
                myService = binder.getService();
            }

            @Override
            public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name)
            {
                myService = null;
            }
        };
        getApplicationContext().bindService(serviceIntent, conn, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

        Intent remoteIntent=new Intent(this,RemoteService.class);
        remoteConn=new ServiceConnection()
        {
            @Override
            public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service)
            {
                myRemoteInterface=IMyRemoteInterface.Stub.asInterface(service);
            }

            @Override
            public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name)
            {

            }
        };
        this.bindService(remoteIntent,remoteConn,BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v)
    {
        switch (v.getId())
        {
            case R.id.button:
                textView.setText(myService.getName());
                break;
            case R.id.button2:
                try
                {
                    textview2.setText(myRemoteInterface.getUserName());
                } catch (RemoteException e)
                {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}

MyService.java

package com.xxx.xxx.validatedemo.services;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;

public class MyService extends Service
{
    private MyBinder binder = new MyBinder();
    public MyService()
    {
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate()
    {
        super.onCreate();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent)
    {
        return super.onUnbind(intent);
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId)
    {
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent)
    {
        return this.binder;
    }

    public class MyBinder extends Binder
    {
        public MyService getService()
        {
            return MyService.this;
        }
    }

    public String getName()
    {
        return "My Service";
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy()
    {
        super.onDestroy();
    }
}

RemoteService.java

package com.xxx.xxx.validatedemo.services;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;

import com.xxx.xxx.validatedemo.IMyRemoteInterface;

public class RemoteService extends Service
{
    public RemoteService()
    {

    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId)
    {
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent)
    {
        return super.onUnbind(intent);
    }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent)
    {
        return new MyStub();
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate()
    {
        super.onCreate();
    }

    private class MyStub extends IMyRemoteInterface.Stub
    {

        @Override
        public String getUserName() throws RemoteException
        {
            return "RemoteService";
        }
    }
}

IMyRemoteInterface.aidl

package com.xxx.xxx.validatedemo;

interface IMyRemoteInterface
{
    String getUserName();
}

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.xxx.xxx.validatedemo">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name="com.xxx.xxx.validatedemo.MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <service android:name="com.xxx.xxx.validatedemo.services.MyService">

        </service>
        <service android:name="com.xxx.xxx.validatedemo.services.RemoteService"
            android:process=":remote"
            android:exported="false"
            ></service>
    </application>

</manifest>

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button"
            android:text="调用本地服务"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/text12"
            android:text="default"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button2"
            android:text="调用远程服务"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/text13"
            android:text="default"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    </LinearLayout>
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

总结

核心函数就是bindService(Intent service, ServiceConnection conn,int flags)

• 首先调用serviceIntent中相关服务的onBind函数获取一个IBinder对象
• 这个对象会作为bindService函数中的ServiceConnection对象中重载的onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service)函数中的IBinder参数service
• 如果onBind函数中返回的是Binder对象，那么可以根据这个Binder对象获取到对应的Service对象
• 如果onBind函数中返回的是Interface对应的Stub对象(也就是不同进程的服务)，那么可以用Stub.asInterface函数获取对应的接口对象，然后调用对应的接口函数。

MyBinder和MyStub区别

1. 内容不一样，MyBinder中定义的函数是自己写的，而MyStub中的是IMyRemoteInterface中定义好的
2. 处理方法不一样 MyBinder是直接继承Binder类的，因此在OnServiceConnected的时候直接调用强制转换就可以。而MyStub因为涉及到aidl框架，所以一般使用对应Stub的asInterface函数来完成类型转换。
3. 作用不一样，MyBinder的作用是获取service对象，从而使用其函数，而MyStub则是为了获取IMyRemoteInterface对象，从而使用被实现的函数。

附录

Stub类的继承关系