jaxp解析xml

JAXP解析XML概要
*jaxp是JavaSE的一部分
*jaxp解析器在javax.xml.parsers包里
dom：
DocumentBuilder：解析器类
DocumentBuilderBuilder：解析器工厂
sax：
SAXParser：解析器
SAXParserFactory：解析器工厂
-------------------------------------------------------
DOM：
DocumentBuilder
*抽象类
*用DocumentBuilderFactory.newDocumentBuilder()
 获取实例
 方法——
 parse("xml路径")：解析xml文档，返回Document对象
 ****Document是一个接口，其父对象是Node
     与js中相似的方法：
     getElementsByTagName(String tagname)
     ——得到标签，返回集合
     createElement(String tagname)
     ——创建标签
     createTextNode(String data)
     ——创建文本
     appendChild(Node newChild)
     ——把文本添加到标签下
     removeChild()
     ——删除节点
     getParentNode
     ——获取到父节点
     ...............
DocumentBuilderFactory
 *抽象类

 *用newInstance()获取实例

对xml文档进行操作：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<preson>
<p1>
	<name>xiaobai</name>
	<age>20</age>
	
</p1>
<p1>
	<name>xiaohua</name>
	<age>20</age>
	<sex>male</sex>
</p1>
</preson>

一、查询操作

1.创建解析器工厂
2.根据解析器工厂创建解析器
3.解析xml，返回document
4.得到所有的name元素
5.遍历集合

	public static void selectAll() throws ParserConfigurationException,
			SAXException, IOException {
		DocumentBuilderFactory builderFActory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder=builderFActory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document=builder.parse("src/1.xml");
		//得到name元素
		NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("name");
		//遍历集合
		for(int i=0;i<list.getLength();i++){
			Node name1=list.item(i);
			//得到name中的值
			String s=name1.getTextContent();
			System.out.println(s);
		}
	}

二、添加元素

1.创建解析器工厂

2.根据解析器工厂创建解析器

3.解析xml，返回document

4.得到要添加元素的父元素

5.创建标签

6.创建文本

7.将其文本添加到该标签下

8.将标签添加到其父标签下

9.回写xml

	public static void addSex() throws Exception{
		DocumentBuilderFactory builderFactory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder=builderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document=builder.parse("src/1.xml");
		NodeList list=document.getElementsByTagName("p1");
		Node p1=list.item(0);
		Element sex1=document.createElement("sex");
		Text sexStr=document.createTextNode("male");
		sex1.appendChild(sexStr);
		p1.appendChild(sex1);
		//回写
		TransformerFactory transformerFactory=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		Transformer transformer=transformerFactory.newTransformer();
		transformer.transform(new DOMSource(document),new StreamResult("src/1.xml"));
	}

三、修改节点内容

	public static void modifySex() throws Exception{
		DocumentBuilderFactory builderFactory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder=builderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = builder.parse("src/1.xml");
		NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("sex");
		Node sex1=list.item(0);
		sex1.setTextContent("famale");
		//回写
		TransformerFactory transformerFactory=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		Transformer transformer=transformerFactory.newTransformer();
		transformer.transform(new DOMSource(document),new StreamResult("src/1.xml"));
	} 

四、删除操作

1.创建解析器工厂

2.根据解析器工厂创建解析器

3.解析xml，返回document

4.得到要删除元素的父元素

5.得到该元素

6.将其从父元素下删除

7.回写xml

	public static void delPerson() throws Exception{
		DocumentBuilderFactory  builderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder = builderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = builder.parse("src/1.xml");
		Node p1 = document.getElementsByTagName("p1").item(0);
		Node temp = document.getElementsByTagName("sex").item(0);
		p1.removeChild(temp);
		//回写
		TransformerFactory transformerFactory=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		Transformer transformer=transformerFactory.newTransformer();
		transformer.transform(new DOMSource(document),new StreamResult("src/1.xml"));
	}

五、利用递归实现遍历

	public static void allElement() throws Exception{
		DocumentBuilderFactory builderFActory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder=builderFActory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document=builder.parse("src/1.xml");
		//遍历
		all(document);
	}
	private static void all(Node node) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
		if(node.getNodeType()==Node.ELEMENT_NODE){
			String str=node.getNodeName();
			System.out.println(str);
		}
		NodeList list = node.getChildNodes();
		for(int i=0; i<list.getLength(); i++){
			Node temp=list.item(i);
			all(temp);
		}
	}

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SAX：不能实现增删改操作
解析方式：事件驱动，边读边解析
SAXParser：
*抽象类
*用SAXParseFactory.newSAXParser获取实例    
——————方法：parser(File f,DefaultHandle dh)
File：xml路径
DefaultHandle：事件处理器
————startElement(Stirng url,String localName,
String qName,Attributes attributes)
————characters(char[] ch,int start,int length)    
————endElement(Stirng url,String localName,
String qName)
SAXParseFactory：
*有newInstance()方法获取实例

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;

import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;

public class TextSax {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 * @throws SAXException 
	 * @throws ParserConfigurationException 
	 * @throws IOException 
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		/*
		 * 1.创建解析器工厂
		 * 2.创建解析器
		 * 3.执行parse方法
		 * 4.创建类继承DefaultHandler
		 * 5.重写3个方法
		 * */
		//创建解析工厂
		SAXParserFactory saxParserFactory=SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
		SAXParser saxParser=saxParserFactory.newSAXParser();
		saxParser.parse("src/1.xml", new MyDefault());
	}
}
class MyDefault extends DefaultHandler{

	@Override
	public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,
			Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.startElement(uri, localName, qName, attributes);
		System.out.print("<"+qName+"/>");
	}

	@Override
	public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
			throws SAXException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.endElement(uri, localName, qName);
		System.out.print("<"+qName+"/>");
	}

	@Override
	public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
			throws SAXException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.characters(ch, start, length);
		System.out.print(new String(ch,start,length));
	}


}