HQL：使用面向对象的HQL查询语言

Query接口
1.不可省略的from

String hql="from Student";
//创建Query实例
Query query = Session.createQuery(hql);
//执行HQL调用list()，返回List集合
List<Student> studentList = query.list();

2.select

//别名的使用
String hql="select s.name from Student as s";//as可省略
//创建Query实例
Query query = Session.createQuery(hql);
//默认返回List<Obejct>
List<Obejct> list = query.list();

String hql="select s.name,s.sex from Student as s";//as可省略
//创建Query实例
Query query = Session.createQuery(hql);
//默认返回List<Obejct[]>
List<Obejct> list = query.list();

//指定返回查询结果形式
String hql1="select new list(s.name,s.sex) from Student as s";
String hql2="select new map(t.name,t.sex) from Teacher as t";

Query query1 = Session.createQuery(hql1);
Query query2 = Session.createQuery(hql2);

List<list> list = query1.list();
List<Map> map = query2.list();

//查看
for(List l:list){
    System.out.println("s.name"+l.get(0));
    System.out.println("s.sex"+l.get("1"));
}
for(Map m:map){
    System.out.println("t.name"+m.get("0"));
    System.out.println("t.sex"+m.get("1"));
}
for(Map m:map){
    System.out.println("t.name"+m.get("name"));
    System.out.println("t.sex"+m.get("sex"));
}

//使用distinct关键字
String hql="select distinct s.sex from Student"

3.where
比较

String hql=" from Student s where s.sex='male'";
String hql=" from Student s where s.age<20";
String hql=" from Student s where s.sex=null";
String hql=" from Student s where s.sex is null";

范围

String hql=" from Student s where s.age in (20,40)";

字符串匹配

String hql=" from Student s where s.name like '_小_'";
String hql=" from Student s where s.name like '李%'";

逻辑and,or,not

String hql=" from Student s where s.age in (20,40) and s.name like '李%'";

集合运算

//is [not] empty---对应SQL中exists
String hql=" from Course c where c.teacher is not empty";
//member of---对应SQL中in

查询单个对象

//uniqueResult
String hql=" from Student s where s.id='101'";
//创建Query实例
Query query = Session.createQuery(hql);
//查询结果
Student student =(Student)query.uniqueResult();

4.order by

//升序asc,降序desc
String hql=" from Student s order by s.age asc,s.name desc";