HttpServletRequest与HttpServletResponse概要

Tips：以下代码均在IE中通过测试，由于只有IE支持response字符流方法print()向客户端写入html代码，其它浏览器均需用write()方法。

HttpServletResponse

1.状态码
http协议中的常见状态码：
200：表示成功
302：表示重定向
404：表示客户端错误（访问资源不存在）
500：表示服务器端错误
更多： http://developer.qiniu.com/docs/v6/api/reference/codes.html
相关方法：
  response.setStatus(int sc)：设置成功状态码；
  response.setError(int sc)：设置错误状态码
  response.sendError(int sc,String msg)：设置错误状态码,显示错误信息。
2.响应头
详细： http://developer.qiniu.com/docs/v6/api/reference/codes.html
相关方法：
   response.setHeader(String name,String value)：设置单值响应头
   response.addHeader(String name,String value)：设置多值响应头
   response.setIntHeader(String name,int value)：设置单值int响应头
   response.addIntHeader(String name,int value)：设置多值int响应头
   response.setDateHeader(String name,long value)：设置单值毫秒型响应头
   response.addDateHeader(String name,long value)：设置多值毫秒型响应头
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重定向

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B->A

public class BServlet extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		response.setHeader("Location","/Response/AServlet" );
		response.setStatus(302);
	}

}

***重定向sendRedirect(Sting url)方法

public class GServlet extends HttpServlet {
	
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		response.sendRedirect("/Response/AServlet");
	}
}

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定时刷新

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public class CServlet extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
			PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
			writer.println("5秒跳转");
			response.setHeader("Refresh", "5;URL=/Response/AServlet");
	}

}

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禁用缓存

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public class DServlet extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
			response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
			response.setHeader("pragma", "no-cache");
			response.setDateHeader("expires", -1);
			response.getWriter().write("hhhhhh");
	}

}

***meat标签可以代替响应头
3.响应体
    ServletOutputStream sout = response.getOutputStream();

    PritnWriter pout = response.gerWriter();

//字节流
public class FServlet extends HttpServlet {
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		String s="FServlet";	
		byte[] bytes = s.getBytes();
		response.getOutputStream().write(bytes);
		
	    //图片
		response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
		String path="F:/a.jpg";
		FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(path);
		byte[] bytes1=IOUtils.toByteArray(in);
		response.getOutputStream().write(bytes1);
	}
}

============================================================

HttpServletRequest

1.获取常用信息
——request.getRemoteAddr()：获取客户端IP
——request.getMethod()：获取请求方式post或get
2.获取请求头
——String getHeader(String name)：适用于单值请求头
——int getIntHeader(String name)：适用于单值int请求头
——long getDateHeader(String name)：适用于单值毫秒型请求头
——Enumeration<String> getHeaders(Sting name)：适用于多值请求头
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获取IP、请求方式、User-Agent

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public class AServlet extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		//获取客户端的IP地址
		String addr = request.getRemoteAddr();
		//获取请求方式
		String method=request.getMethod();
		//获取User-Agent
		String userAgent=request.getHeader("User-Agent");
		System.out.println("IP:"+addr);
		System.out.println("Method:"+method);
		System.out.println("User-Agent"+userAgent);
	}

}

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利用Referer请求头防盗链

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public class BServlet extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		response.getWriter().print(request.getScheme()+"://");
		response.getWriter().print(request.getServerName()+":");
		response.getWriter().print(request.getServerPort());
		response.getWriter().print(request.getContextPath());
		response.getWriter().print(request.getServletPath()+"?");
		response.getWriter().print(request.getQueryString()+"<br/>");
		response.getWriter().print(request.getRequestURI()+"<br/>");
		response.getWriter().print(request.getRequestURL());
	}

}

3.获取请求URL
eg：http://localhost:8080/Request/AServlet?username=xxx&password=xxx
String getScheme():获取协议 http
String getServerName()：获取服务器名 localhost
String getServerPort()：获取服务器端口 8080
String getContextPath()：获取项目名称 /Request
String getServletPath()：获取Servlet路径 /AServlet
String getQueryString()：获取部分参数 username=xxx&password=xxx
String getRequestURI()：获取请求URI /Request/AServlet
String getRequestURL()：获取请求URL http://localhost:8080/Request/AServlet?username=xxx&password=xxx
4.获取请求参数
在请求体中（post）
在URL之后（get）
String getParameter(String name)：获取指定名称的请求参数值（单值）
String[] getParameter(String name)：获取获取指定名称的请求参数值（多值）
Enumeration<String> getParameterNames()：获取所有请求参数的名称
Map<String,String[]> getParameterMap()：获取所有请求参数
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超链接参数、表单数据

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public class AServlet extends HttpServlet {
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		response.getWriter().print(request.getParameter("nicknames")+",");
		response.getWriter().print(request.getParameter("age")+"<br/>");
	}
	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		response.getWriter().print(request.getParameter("<br/>"+"usenames")+"<br/>");
		response.getWriter().print(request.getParameter("password")+"<br/>");
		String[] hobby = request.getParameterValues("hobby");
		String s=Arrays.toString(hobby);
		response.getWriter().print(s);
		
		//获取所有参数
		Enumeration names = request.getParameterNames();
		while(names.hasMoreElements()){
			response.getWriter().print("<br/>"+names.nextElement());
		}
		//获取所有请求参数，封装到Map中
		Map<String,String[]>map=request.getParameterMap();
		for(String name:map.keySet()){
			String[] values = map.get(name);
			System.out.println(name+"="+Arrays.toString(values));
		}
	}

}